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PROCESS FOR THE IODINATION OF AROMATIC COMPOUNDS
No full textThe present inventio relates to a process for the preparation of iodinated phenols; in particular, it relates to a process including the electrochemical iodination of 3,5- disubstituted phenols of formula (1) to the corresponding 3,5-disubstituted-2,4,6-triiodophenols of formula (2), which are useful intermediates for the synthesis of x-ray contrast media, and to the preparation of the contrast media themselves
Stevens Rearrangement as a Tool for the Structural Modification of Polyaminopolycarboxylic Ligands
No full textPolyaminopolycarboxylic acids are a well known class of ligands employed for metal ion complexation. Despite the large commercial availability, reports of their use as substrates for direct structural modifications are rare. Herein we report a simple and efficient protocol for the preparation of substituted polyaminopolycarboxylic ligands relying on a one-pot N-alkylation–Stevens rearrangement cascade
Laparoscopic splenectomy with radiofrequency
No full textO b j e c t i v e : Intraoperative bleeding is the maincomplication and cause of conversion during laparoscopicsplenectomy (LS). We present the advantages of the useof the Ligasure Vessel Sealing System added to a lateralapproach for achieving safe vascular control.Method: Ligasure applies a precise amount of bipolar en-ergy and pressure to the tissue, achieving a permanentseal. We have performed 55 LS by using a technique with4 trocars, a right semi-lateral position, and dissection ofthe spleen and vessels sealing with 10mm LigaSure Atlas.The indications were thrombocytopenic idiopathic pur-pura (20), spherocytosis (12), b thalassemia (6), lym-phoma (15), hemolytic anemia (1), and splenic cyst (1).Results: LS was completed in 51 patients with 4 (7.2 %)conversions because of hilar bleeding due to accidental injury (1), difficult splenic hilar dissection (1), diffuseperitoneal adhesions (1), and massive splenomegaly (1).The average splenic weight was 485 g, with an averagediameter of 15.2 cm. In all but 4 patients, the intraopera-tive blood loss was less than 100 mL. The average opera-tive time was 121.6 minutes, including 15 patients whounderwent the following combined operations: cholecys-tectomy (9), hepatic biopsy and hilar lymphadenectomy(3), adhesion dissection (3). No mortality and 3 (5.4%)postoperative complications occurred, ie, thrombosis ofthe spleno-portal axis (1); hemoperitoneum due to a pan-creatic tail bleed, laparoscopically treated (1); and pleuraleffusion (1). The average postoperative hospital stay was4.2 days.Conclusion: The use of LigaSure associated with the se-milateral position results in a gain of time and safety.Furthermore, the average intraoperative bleeding is verylow
Laparoscopic splenectomy with radiofrequency. SLS annual meeting – 14th international congress and endoexpo, S.Diego (USA) 14-17 settembre 2005
No full textO b j e c t i v e : Intraoperative bleeding is the main
complication and cause of conversion during laparoscopic
splenectomy (LS). We present the advantages of the use
of the Ligasure Vessel Sealing System added to a lateral
approach for achieving safe vascular control.
Method: Ligasure applies a precise amount of bipolar en-
ergy and pressure to the tissue, achieving a permanent
seal. We have performed 55 LS by using a technique with
4 trocars, a right semi-lateral position, and dissection of
the spleen and vessels sealing with 10mm LigaSure Atlas.
The indications were thrombocytopenic idiopathic pur-
pura (20), spherocytosis (12), b thalassemia (6), lym-
phoma (15), hemolytic anemia (1), and splenic cyst (1).
Results: LS was completed in 51 patients with 4 (7.2 %)
conversions because of hilar bleeding due to accidental injury (1), difficult splenic hilar dissection (1), diffuse
peritoneal adhesions (1), and massive splenomegaly (1).
The average splenic weight was 485 g, with an average
diameter of 15.2 cm. In all but 4 patients, the intraopera-
tive blood loss was less than 100 mL. The average opera-
tive time was 121.6 minutes, including 15 patients who
underwent the following combined operations: cholecys-
tectomy (9), hepatic biopsy and hilar lymphadenectomy
(3), adhesion dissection (3). No mortality and 3 (5.4%)
postoperative complications occurred, ie, thrombosis of
the spleno-portal axis (1); hemoperitoneum due to a pan-
creatic tail bleed, laparoscopically treated (1); and pleural
effusion (1). The average postoperative hospital stay was
4.2 days.
Conclusion: The use of LigaSure associated with the se-
milateral position results in a gain of time and safety.
Furthermore, the average intraoperative bleeding is very
low
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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