332 research outputs found
Alfred Marshall's critical analysis of scientific management
No full textIn Industry and Trade, 'A study of industrial technique and business organization; and of their influences on the conditions of various classes and nations' (1919), Alfred Marshall develops a detailed analysis of scientific management, emphasizing not only its unquestionable advantages but also its dangerous limits. Although in the literature Marshall's evaluation of scientific management has been considered rather positive, the author has found it sceptical and definitively critical in many passages of his book. This paper deals with Marshall's analysis in order to underline the reasons why he criticizes Taylor's system, which, at that time, sounded like the greatest expression of modernity.Scientific management, industrial organization, division of labour, progress,
Comparative experimental approach to investigate the thermal behaviour of vertical greened façades of buildings
No full textGreening the building envelope is not a new concept, however it has not been fully approved as an energy saving method for the built environment. Vertical green can provide a cooling potential on the building surface, as plants are functioning as a solar filter and prevent the adsorption of heat radiation of building materials extensively. In this study a comparative thermal analysis of vertical green attached to a façade element is presented. An experimental set up (stationary conditions) has been developed to measure the temperature gradient through a reference cavity wall, in order to quantify the contribution of vegetation to the thermal behaviour of the building envelope. The results show temperature differences between the bare wall and between the different vertical greening systems analysed, up to 1.7 °C for the direct greening system and 8.4 °C for the living wall system based on planter boxes after 8 h of heating for summer conditions, due to the different “material” layers involved. However, the insulation material of the bare wall moderates the prevailing temperature difference between the outside and inside climate chamber, resulting in no temperature difference for the interior climate chamber for summer conditions.Materials and Environmen
Correction to: Comparing engagement by migrants in domestic and in country‑of‑origin political activities across European cities
No full textThe article Comparing engagement by migrants in domestic and in country-of-origin political activities across European cities, written by Katia Pilati and Barbara Herman, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal on 16 July 2018 without open access. With the author(s)’ decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on 21 November 2019 to © The Author(s) 2018 and the article is forthwith distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The original article has been corrected.SCOPUS: er.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
The safe, natural antimicrobial peptide subtilosin for control of bacterial vaginosis
No full textBacterial vaginosis (BV) is a condition characterized by an imbalance in the vaginal microflora where healthy lactobacilli are replaced by anaerobic microorganisms, especially Gardnerella vaginalis. It is estimated that 10-30% of North American women suffer from BV, frequently requiring medical attention. Proliferation of BV-associated organisms is known to have pathogenic effects, particularly in pregnant women. BV is associated with development of pelvic inflammatory disease, low fetal birth weight, preterm births with an elevated risk of infant death, intra-amniotic infections leading to fetal brain damage, and spontaneous abortion. Furthermore, BV (and G. vaginalis in particular) has been shown to increase the probability of contracting HIV and to stimulate viral replication. The antibiotics commonly prescribed to treat BV cause widespread inhibition of the healthy vaginal microflora, leading to a 20% recurrence rate of infection, often with newly developed antibiotic resistance(s). One promising alternative BV treatment is the bacteriocin, or antimicrobial peptide, subtilosin A. This dissertation describes the isolation, characterization, and purification of subtilosin from a fermented dairy product isolate of B. amyloliquefaciens. This is the first report of the intra-species horizontal gene transfer of subtilosin (from B. subtilis), and it is the first bacteriocin characterized from B. amyloliquefaciens. Via well diffusion assays, subtilosin was found to inhibit several human pathogens, including G. vaginalis, but has no effect on healthy vaginal lactobacilli. Motility and structure analyses of human spermatozoa revealed subtilosin possesses potent spermicidal activity. In vitro ectocervical tissue toxicity testing showed subtilosin is completely safe for human tissues. Elucidation of the molecular mechanism of action established that subtilosin specifically inhibits G. vaginalis by forming pores in the cell membrane, causing an efflux of ATP and dissipation of the delta pH portion of the proton motive force. Finally, microplate checkerboard assays confirmed that subtilosin acts synergistically with other antimicrobials of varying mechanisms of action, suggesting that lower concentrations of subtilosin could be used to effectively inhibit G. vaginalis, thereby decreasing the likelihood of developing resistance. Taken together, the data presented herein demonstrate that subtilosin is a safe, natural antimicrobial peptide that can easily be formulated into an effective prophylaxis or treatment for bacterial vaginosis.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Katia Sutyak Nol
Eris epica: sanguinaria e (sempre?) imparziale
No full textThis chapter examines the figure of Eris in Quintus Smyrnaeus' *Posthomerica*, analyzing the epithets used by the author to characterize her and seeking to determine in which passages she appears as a personification or as a true deity. To this end, selected Homeric passages and their corresponding *scholia*, focusing on the identity of Eris and other deities or personifications of battle and fate, are compared. The study also explores how such personifications are incorporated into the battle scenes of the *Posthomerica*, interpreting this as a device employed by Quintus to enrich the depiction of these episodes, akin to other typical battle motifs, such as the blood of the fallen soaking the earth and the heaps of corpses cluttering the plain
Startup na prática : desafios e oportunidades
No full textMonografia (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Comunicação, Comunicação Organizacional, 2015.O presente memorial descreve a elaboração do tradr, startup desenvolvida no Laboratório de Inovação de Harvard sob orientação da professora Katia Belisário da Universidade de Brasília. O tradr é um aplicativo móvel de descoberta de produtos baseado na localização que facilita trocas e compras dentro de comunidades. O aplicativo permite que qualquer indivíduo crie sua própria vitrine virtual e venda seus trabalhos criativos (peças de arte e artesanatos) ou artigos novos e de segunda mão entre amigos e membros da comunidade. Será abordado a trajetória da autora e de sua equipe, desde o processo de criação até o de desenvolvimento e fundação do projeto como empresa. Será conceituado o termo startup e relatado a metodologia utilizada - Lean Startup - juntamente com os referenciais teóricos que serviram de base e suporte para a criação da empresa. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe current memorial describes the preparation of tradr, a startup developed at the Harvard Innovation Lab under the guidance of Professor Katia Belisario from the University of Brasilia. tradr is a mobile application of product discovery based on the location, facilitating exchanges and shopping within communities. The application allows anyone to create their own virtual window shop and sell their creative works (works of art and crafts) or new and secondhand goods among friends and community members. This current work also describes the history of the author and her team, from the design process until the development and foundation of the project as a company. It will also define the term startup and explain the methodology used - Lean Startup - along with the theoretical frameworks that formed the basis and the support for the establishment of the company
An innovative design approach for anchored wire meshes
No full textAnchored wire meshes are commonly adopted to stabilize potentially unstable soil slopes. This reinforcement technique, employed either as an active or a passive anchoring system, is commonly designed according to ultimate limit state approaches. In this paper, an interaction model, useful for the design of anchored wire meshes, is proposed. The model is based on the results of a series of 3D large displacement finite element numerical analyses, in which the wire mesh mechanical behaviour is modelled as either an elastic or an elastic–plastic membrane. The model is inspired to standard load–displacement curves for shallow foundations, and the wire mesh presence is taken into account by suitably modifying the bearing capacity formula. The proposed model predictions are compared with experimental punching test results. The use of the model, only requiring the definition of geometry and soil–wire mesh mechanical properties, allows the pre-design of the reinforcement system without performing ad hoc finite element numerical analyses.Geo-engineerin
Greening the building envelope, facade greening and living wall systems
No full textMaterials and Environmen
The author\'s voice in Lazarillo de Tormes
No full textNeste trabalho pretendemos realizar uma leitura do Lazarillo de Tormes que além de considerar o discurso do narrador, Lázaro de Tormes, considere também a voz do autor implícito dentro da obra e a forma como essa voz influencia a construção do sentido dela. Reconhecendo a voz desse autor implícito no prólogo da obra e em meio ao discurso do narrador, é possível identificar a sua perspectiva, que nem sempre coincide com a do narrador. O encontro dessas diferentes perspectivas forma contradições no discurso de Lázaro como narrador, e é na conjunção dessas perspectivas que consideramos formar-se o sentido da obra.The aim of this work is to accomplish a reading of Lazarillo de Tormes considering the discourse of the narrator and also the voice of the author within the story and how it influences the construction of its sense. By recognizing the voice of this implicit author in the prologue of the story among the narrators discourse it is possible to identify the perspective of the author which is not always the same of the narrator. The encounter of these two perspectives forms some contradictions in Lázaros discourse as the narrator and it is through this conjunction that we consider to be forming the sense of the novel
Dos penínsulas, dos pueblos. 34 Tercera época (2005) febrero-mayo. Gaceta de Museos
No full text- Planteamientos alternativas, labores conjuntas - Dos penínsulas, dos pueblos, por Blanca González - ¿Qué hay detrás de las máscaras?, por Rosa Katia Teodocio y Alejandro Cortés - Guadalupana del Virreinato, por Mónica Martí - La pedagogía y el museo, por María del Carmen Saldaña - El Museo de la Universidad de Costa Rica, por Félix A. Barboza - Conservación y museos, por María Eugenia Marín Benito y Dora Méndez - Limpieza de fotografías impresas en papel, por Juan Carlos Valdez - Mantenimiento y conservación de extintores, por Eliud Noé García Castillo y Manuel Salazar Torres - La vitrina del mes: Exhibición del colecciones de origen orgánico - La cédula del mes: Exposición Dos penínsulas, dos pueblos - El material educativo del mes: Libros desmontables - Noticias y reseñas
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