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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS FOLLOWING CRYORESECTION OF THE PROSTATE
Get PDFIt is well known that the cryoresection of the prostate is one of the useful operations for dysuria. But there are a few problems concerning it, which were pointed out by us previously. One of them is the problem of urinary tract infections, which continue for a long time and are difficult to cure. To evaluate such infections following the cryoresection of the prostate, we carried out a prospective study on 70 patients (48 patients were benign prostatic hyperplasia and 22 were prostatic cancer). More than 10, 000 colonies per ml of urine were considered significant bacteriuria. Of our 70 patients, 48 (67 per cent) were bacteriuric before the cryoresection of the prostate (Table 1). Cultures were made preoperatively and also 2 weeks, 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 months after removing the catheter indwelled by way of open drainage system. Patients in our study routinely received some antibacterial medication, postoperatively. The results were as follows : 1. Seventy-three per cent were bacteriuric 2 weeks after removing the indwelling catheter, 58% at one month, 45% at two months, 50% at 3 months, 48% at 6 months and 50% at 12 months (Table 3) 2. Of all patients who were bacteriuric immediately after removing the indwelling catheter, 33 patients became sterile. Sterile urine was proved at 2 weeks, 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 months, respectively, for 10, 10, 5, 4, 2 and 2 patients (Table 5) 3. Pathogens isolated from urine were mainly Enterobacter aerogenes (including Serratia), Proteus and Citrobacter, postoperatively (Table 4). 4. The non-pyuric patients whose urine sediment showed white blood cells less than four per high power field were 16 per cent at 2 weeks, 37% at 1 month, 61 % at 2 months, 53% at 3 months, 37% at 1 month, 61 % at 2 months, 53% at 3 months, 63% at 6 months and 38% at 12 months after removing the indwelling catheter (Table 6)
LEFTOSE AND ACUTE CYSTITIS IN FEMALE
No full textThe effect of Leftose was studied in 56 women with acute cystitis. Leftose was administered orally 180 mg/day. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The A group consisting of 30 cases having bacterial counts of bladder urine over 100, 000 per ml: excellent 43%, good 10%, fair 23%, none 23%. 2. The B group consisting of 12 cases having bacterial counts of bladder urine between 10, 000 to 1, 000 per ml: excellent 42%, good 42, none 16%. 3. The C group consisting of 14 cases whose bladder urine was sterile: excellent 50%, good 21 %, fair 8%, none 21 %. 4. Overall effective rate was 45%. 5. The most urinary pathogens isolated from patients of A and B group was E. coli
GEOPEN FOR POST-OPERATIVE URINARY TRACT INFECTION ON HIGH-AGE PATIENTS
Get PDFGeopen was administered to 30 high-age patients with post operative urinary tract infection. Cases consisted of 24 benign prostatic hyperplasia treated by retropubic prostatectomy in 14 cases and TUR-P in 10 cases, and 6 prostatic cancer treated by TUR-P in 2 cases and cryoprostatectomy in 4 cases. Clinical response was excellent in 16 cases (53%) and fair in 10 cases (33%). Serum transaminase was transiently elevated in 4 cases, but was within normal limit on their discharge
THE CLINICAL EVALUATION OF RAPID SEQUENCE INTRAVENOUS UROGRAPHY IN UROLOGICAL PRACTICE
Get PDFIntravenous urography has been used primarily as a screening procedure for the examination of the urinary tract. It is well known that intravenous urography is only one clinical examination for bringing about the morphological and functional information at the same time. Although many modifications in the method of intravenous urography have been reported and their morphology have been mainly discussed. Therefore, we have been trying to find the usefulness of rapid sequence intravenous urography (RS-IVU) in urological practice. For this study, the result of 158 RS-IVUs of 153 healthy cases was investigated. These cases were classified into two groups; the lower age group (from 15 years to 59 years old) and the upper age group (over 60 years old). The results were as follows; 1. Nephrograms with diagnostic qualities were obtained in 94% (lower age group-96% and per age group-9l %) at 30 seconds films. Nephrographic density in the upper age group was much upless than that in the lower age group. 2. The appearance of contrast material into the calyceal system during the first minute was quicker in the upper age group (10%) than in the lower age group (2%). 3. Collecting systems of diagnostic quality were obtained in 98% of the cases (lower age group-99% and upper age group-96%l at 3 minutes. Urographic density in the upper age group was less than that in the lower age group
CRYOPROSTATECTOMY
Get PDFTwenty-four patients with bladder neck obstruction (17 cases of benign prostatic hypertrophy and 7 cases of prostatic carcinoma) were treated by means of cryoprostatectomy. Although 21 cases of them had serious pre-operative complications (eg. cardiovascular, respiratory system), cryoprostatectomy was successfully performed with simplicity of the technique, shortness of operating time, little hemorrhage and slight post-operative complications. We confirmed the cryoprostatectomy has advantage in the following cases: 1) selected medical cases of poor surgical risks, 2) inoperable carcinomomas of the prostate. But the following problems must be solved: 1) possibility of overlooking the early carcimoma of the prostate, 2) continued ur.inary tract infections
Primary carcinoma of the ureter: report of a case and a survey of 294 cases reported in Japan
No full textA case of ureteral carcinoma on the right side was presented. The patient was a 64-year-old man, and resection of the lower -part of the ureter including tumor and uretero-cystoneostomy were -performed (Fig. 1, 2). Histologically, the tumor was transitional cell carcinoma, gradeII(Fig. 3, 4). Postoperatively the patient has been good up to 5 months. In Japan, 294 cases of the primary ureteral carcinoma have been reported since 1935. Statistical survey of them was made. 1) Men are more often affected than women (ratio 208: 71) (Table 1). 2) The age ranged from 33 to 89 years with the greatest incidence in the fifth, sixth and seventh decades (Table 1). 3) The lower third of the ureter is affected in 53% (Table 1). 4) Transitional cell carcinoma and papillary carcinoma are common (Table 4). 5) Many kinds of operations have been employed. Nephroureterectomy or nephroureterectomy and segmental cystectomy occupied 80% of all the surgeries (Table 5)
STATISTICS ON OUTPATIENTS AND INPATIENTS AT THE UROLOGICAL DEPARTMENT OF KOSEI HOSPITAL IN 1974
Get PDFStatistical observations of 2074 outpatients, 280 inpatients at our department in 1974 revealed the following results. 1) Fresh cases in the outpatient clinic were as follows in frequency; nonspecific infections (58.5%), urogenital anomalies (14.5%), urogenital tumors (5.8%) and urolithiasis (4.9%). 2) Frequent diseases among the inpatients were nonspecific infections (27.7%), urogenital anomalies (26.3%), urinary tract tumors (20.4%) and urolithiasis (19.8%)
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF “UROTRACE” FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF BACTERIURIA IN THE CLINIC FOR NEW OUTPATIENTS
Get PDFUrotrace®, a new dip test paper for the detection of significant bacteriuria, was examined for this purpose in 202 fresh urine samples from new outpatients and discussions were made on its clinical usefulness. The results of Urotrace test were compared with each results of urine culture. The overall incidence of falsely positive results was 67.7%, falsely negative 34.3%. After centrifugation of urine, three or four white blood cells per high-power field (H.P.F) were corresponded to more than 105 per ml of bacterial counts. From this results, Urotrace® was not suitable for the test in new outpatients
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