1,721,023 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The Spatial Reorganization of Yunnan Copper Procurement in the Mid-Qianlong Period of the Qing Dynasty
No full textDuring the Qianlong era of the Qing dynasty, imperial copper coins 制錢 were chiefly minted from Yunnan copper. Yunnan provincial authorities supplied copper received from private producers to the Beijing Mints 京局, several other provinces, and their own mints (a process termed Yunnan copper procurement 雲南辦銅 in this paper). At first, copper was secured mostly from the Tangdan 湯丹 and surrounding mines in eastern Yunnan, but in the mid-Qianlong era, it shifted to a two-pillar system with the Ningtai 寧臺 mine in western Yunnan also employed. This paper clarifies the policy-making process of this spatial reorganization of Yunnan copper procurement. Beijing Mints, the main consumer of Yunnan copper, used the highest grade of copper, called xieketong 蟹殻銅. Although production from the Tangdan mines had been declining since the end of first decade of the Qianlong era due to rising production costs, the Ministry of Revenue insisted that Yunnan deliver only xieke copper. While it occasionally approved the delivery of the second highest grade of copper known as bantong 板銅, it refused to officially adopt it. Yunnan responded by developing new mines located mainly in central Yunnan, and by increasing the price paid to the Tangdan mines and other mines important at the time based on the marginal profit from the expansion of coinage minting in the province. Copper fromthe Ningtai mine, whose production increased rapidly from the end of the third decade of the Qianlong era, was of low grade and was therefore regarded as suitable only for minting the province's own coins. However, in Qianlong 42, Yunnan faced a sharp decline in copper production and serious delays in copper deliveries to the Beijing Mints. In response, they switched more than half of the copper produced at the Tangdan mines to bantong copper, thereby lowering the production costs by eliminating the process of refining it into xieke copper. At the same time, they minimized the reduction in xieke copper deliveries to Beijing Mints by refining lowgrade copper from the Ningtai mine into xieke copper. The spatial reorganization of Yunnan copper procurement thus developed piecemeal through the interrelationship between the Ministry of Revenue and Yunnan province and was not the result of a decision made under a unitary policy enacted by a notionally unified entity called the “government.” In addition, Yunnan province's struggles to deliver Yunnan copper to Beijing Mints, which they had once led in order to profit themselves, marked a significant turning point in thelong-term transition of Yunnan copper procurement and production
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
The Shift From Japan Copper to Yunnan Copper Regarding the Turning Point in Qing Dynasty's System of Copper Procurement
Full text linkThe aim of this study is to clarify the course of the gradual shift during the decades of the 1720s and 1730s of the source of copper procured for the Baoquan 寶泉 and Baoyuan 寶源 mints, which were the major producers of copper coins for the Qing government, from Japan copper to Yunnan copper. The Yunnan provincial government, which attempted to both secure profit margins through the consumption of Yunnan copper and the stability of the conversion rate between copper coinage and silver through the control of the minting of copper coins, took advantage of rapid assessments of various movements of the two mints regarding copper procurement to aggressively sell Yunnan copper. Examining the situation of the influx of Japanese copper and the actual copper procurement at the time, one sees that the comprehensive shift to Yunnan copper during this period was but one possible option. Moreover, the Qing government, which seldom responded to problems other than costs, did not plan to procure the Yunnan copper nor the various provincial governments that ordered the provision of copper for the two mints ever once request the procurement of Yunnan copper themselves. Nevertheless, the fact that the procurement of copper was consolidated into a single source of Yunnan copper was precisely the result of Yunnan provincial government's aggressive moves. Limiting the discussion to specific examples that are dealt with in this article, it can be said that in terms of a stable bureaucratic system, the system of central authority of the Qing dynasty functioned as a catalyst, promoting the finding of areas of compromise among the three entities, i.e., central authority of the Qing dynasty, the various provinces charged with procuring copper, and the Yunnan provincial government, which all had disparate interests, rather than as a tool for the central headquarters to collect information and then determine and implement policy. The consolidation of the procurement that settled on the procurement of Yunnan copper in 1738 was nothing other than a haphazard system that appeared as a result of coincidence of disparate interests and was not backed up by some wide-ranging, rational decision. However, the unforeseen result was that the minting of copper coins in Beijing smoothly entered its heyday
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