324 research outputs found
Chargino contributions in light of recent ϵ′/ϵ
No full textAbstractRecently, the standard model prediction of ϵ′/ϵ was improved, and a discrepancy from the experimental results was reported at the 2.9σ level. We study the chargino contributions to Z penguin especially with the vacuum stability constraint. The vacuum decay rate is investigated, and it is shown that the discrepancy can be explained if superparticles are lighter than 4–6 TeV. Correlations with B(KL→π0νν¯) and other experimental constraints are also discussed
Author Correction: Mechanisms of simultaneous linear and nonlinear computations at the mammalian cone photoreceptor synapse
No full textWork-related musculoskeletal disorders (wmsds) complaints among workers at aluminium smelting company at Bukit Raja, Klang
No full textThe main objective of this study is to know WMSDs complaints among workers at
Daiki Aluminium Industry (M) Sdn. Bhd. in various body regions. The data were obtained
from Nordic Questionnaire distributed among the staffs and self-construct demographic
questionnaires. It was carried out in 2 months from early June 2018 until end of July 2018 at
Daiki Aluminium Industry (M) Sdn. Bhd. Out of total 84 staffs, the questionnaires were
distributed to only 35 – 50 respondents and received from 40 respondents. The prevalence of
musculoskeletal disorder in 14 anatomical areas of the body regions (lower back, upper back,
neck, hands and wrist, shoulders, upper arms, elbow and forearm, stomach, chest, upper legs,
knees, lower legs, ankles and feet) were evaluated. This study found that 38 out of 40
respondents (95%) had experiences WMSDs in at least one body region. The most common
areas generally are at lower back (52.5%), upper back (47.5%) and feet (37.5%). As a
conclusion, this study confirmed that workers of Daiki Aluminium Industry (Malaysia) Sdn.
Bhd. suffered from various types of WMSDs due to ergonomic risk factors such as repetitive,
force, awkward posture, long duration exposure, vibration and workstation design. Therefore,
improvement plan need to develop at the workplace to reduce the WMSDs symptoms and
effects towards the workers and to be a better workplace. Indirectly can improve productivity
and reduce medical cost of the company. (Abstract by author
Consistency of EFT illuminated via relative entropy: a case study in scalar field theory
No full textAbstract Relative entropy is a non-negative quantity and offers a powerful means of achieving a unified understanding of fundamental properties in physics, including the second law of thermodynamics and positivity bounds on effective field theories (EFTs). We analyze the relative entropy in scalar field theories and show that the non-negativity of relative entropy is potentially violated in perturbative calculations based on operator and loop expansions. Conversely, this suggests that the consistency of the EFT description in the scalar field theory can be identified by the sign of the relative entropy. In fact, we revisit an EFT of single-field inflation and present a relation between its non-linear parameter f NL and the consistency condition of the EFT description derived from the relative entropy method. We find that interesting regions of f NL that are observationally allowed can be constrained from the relative entropy by imposing the consistency of the EFT description when the EFT is generated via the interaction with heavy fields in UV theories
RGE effects on new physics searches via gravitational waves
No full textAbstract Gravitational wave (GW) observations offer a promising probe of new physics associated with a first-order electroweak phase transition. Precision studies of the Higgs potential, including Fisher matrix analyses, have been extensively conducted in this context. However, significant theoretical uncertainties in the GW spectrum, particularly those due to renormalization scale dependence in the conventional daisy-resummed approach, have cast doubt on the reliability of such precision measurements. These uncertainties have been highlighted using the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) as a benchmark. To address these issues, we revisit Fisher matrix analyses based on the daisy-resummed approach, explicitly incorporating renormalization scale uncertainties. We then reassess the prospects for precise new physics measurements using GW observations. Adopting the SMEFT as a benchmark, we study the effects of one-loop RGE running of dimension-six operators on the Higgs effective potential via the Higgs self-couplings, top Yukawa coupling, and gauge couplings, in addition to the SMEFT tree-level effects. We find that future GW observations can remain sensitive to various dimension-six SMEFT effects, even in the presence of renormalization scale uncertainties, provided that the SMEFT (H † H)3 operator is precisely measured, e.g., by future collider experiments
Searching for neutrino self-interactions at future muon colliders
No full textMulti-TeV muon colliders offer a powerful means of accessing new physics coupled to muons while generating clean and intense high-energy neutrino beams via muon decays. We study a fixed-target experiment leveraging the neutrino beams and a forward detector pointing at the interaction point of the muon collider. The sensitivity to neutrino self-interactions is analyzed as a feasibility study, focusing on the leptonic scalar exclusively coupled to the Standard Model neutrinos. Our work shows that projections from both the main and forward detectors can enhance the existing limits by two orders of magnitude, surpassing other future experiments.7 pages, 5 figure
SMEFT effects on gravitational wave spectrum from electroweak phase transition
No full textFuture gravitational wave observations are potentially sensitive to new
physics corrections to the Higgs potential once the first-order electroweak
phase transition arises. We study the SMEFT dimension-six operator effects on
the Higgs potential, where three types of effects are taken into account: (i)
SMEFT tree level effect on operator, (ii) SMEFT tree level effect
on the wave function renormalization of the Higgs field, and (iii) SMEFT
top-quark one-loop level effect. The sensitivity of future gravitational wave
observations to these effects is numerically calculated by performing a Fisher
matrix analysis. We find that the future gravitational wave observations can be
sensitive to (ii) and (iii) once the first-order electroweak phase transition
arises from (i). The dimension-eight operator effects on the
first-order electroweak phase transition are also discussed. The sensitivities
of the future gravitational wave observations are also compared with those of
future collider experiments.Comment: 32 pages, 16 figures; section 6 was added for more explanation
Quantum Resonance viewed as Weak Measurement
No full textQuantum resonance, i.e., amplification in transition probability available
under certain conditions, offers a powerful means for determining fundamental
quantities in physics, including the time duration of the second adopted in the
SI units and neutron's electric dipole moment which is directly linked to CP
violation. We revisit two of the typical examples, the Rabi resonance and the
Ramsey resonance, and show that both of these represent the weak value
amplification and that near the resonance points they share exactly the same
behavior of transition probabilities except for the measurement strength whose
difference leads to the known advantage of the Ramsey resonance in the
sensitivity. Conversely, as a by-product of the relationship, we may measure
the weak value through quantum resonance. In fact, we argue that previous
measurements of neutron electric dipole moment based on the Ramsey resonance
have potentially determined the weak value of neutron's spin with much higher
precision than the conventional weak value measurement.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figure
Searching for neutrino self-interactions at future muon colliders
No full textMulti-TeV muon colliders offer a powerful means of accessing new physics coupled to muons while generating clean and intense high-energy neutrino beams via muon decays. We study a fixed-target experiment leveraging the neutrino beams and a forward detector pointing at the interaction point of the muon collider. The sensitivity to neutrino self-interactions is analyzed as a feasibility study, focusing on the leptonic scalar ϕ exclusively coupled to the Standard Model neutrinos. Our work shows that projections from both the main and forward detectors can enhance the existing limits by two orders of magnitude, surpassing other future experiments
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