1,720,981 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Better than I deserve : evangelical Protestantism's effect on subjective social status.
No full textSubjective social status (SSS), a measure of a person’s self-perceived social ranking compared to a reference group on socioeconomic variables (income, occupation, and education), is an effective indicator of a person’s overall health. To date, studies of SSS’ determinants have focused on psychosocial factors, as well as the role of neighborhood satisfaction and cultural identity. However, nearly one in four people report turning to their spiritual beliefs or ethical values to determine their SSS (MacArthur Network 2008). This study examines differences in SSS across religious group affiliation and religiosity and how those religious differences vary across racial groups. Findings from the Baylor Religion Survey (Wave 5) show that when the referent is more distal (i.e., “other Americans”) evangelical Protestants rank their SSS higher compared to all others, especially among white evangelicals. When the referent is more socially proximate (i.e., “your friends”), there is no statistical difference between evangelicals and others. This suggests that evangelical Protestantism is a determinant of SSS
Maybe less is more : congregation size and social embeddedness in the age of the megachurch.
No full textA growing body of research documents the rise of large congregations, their success in appealing to younger, more diverse demographics, and what these patterns say about the religious landscape more broadly. A commonly assumed, yet underdeveloped, aspect of this literature is the relationship between congregation size and social embeddedness. Using multilevel data from the 2001 U.S. Congregational Life Survey (USCLS), I analyze the relationship between weekly church attendance and congregational belonging and friendship, and how these relationships vary across religious traditions. Results indicate a negative relationship between congregation size and social embeddedness for all traditions except Black Protestants, who display the opposite pattern. For other traditions, meanwhile, in the largest congregations, the negative relationship attenuates for belonging, but not for friendship. These findings suggest some limitations to prevailing narratives about church growth and highlight the importance of accounting for religious tradition in future studies on congregation size and social dynamics
The complexity of disadvantage : examining the effects of moral ecology on adolescent educational outcomes.
No full textPopular methods of addressing educational inequality emphasize structural barriers to educational attainment such as access and affordability, or individual barriers that highlight a lack of character traits such as grit and resilience among traditionally disadvantaged students. I argue that these approaches are insufficient in that they ignore the interactive relationship between a student’s moral culture and their structural circumstances and the effect of this total ecology on student achievement. While cultural approaches to addressing the problem of educational inequality are often avoided due to perceived victim blaming, one’s moral ecology—defined here as both moral worldviews and the social support systems that sustain them—shapes opportunities for success beyond demographic characteristics. This dissertation examines how adolescent moral ecology can moderate factors known to affect academic success by describing how four distinct groups—the Connected, Carefree, Committed, and Constrained—emerge from vastly different moral ecologies made up of families, peers, communities, and the values they disseminate; and by investigating how each group can influence educational outcomes. I find that while most teens are more likely to succeed when embedded in traditional moral frameworks and dense supportive communities, for disadvantaged teens, an achievement ideology and accompanying habitus emerging from an individualistic, relativistic moral worldview may help to mitigate the effect of their social position based on race and socioeconomic status. This study adds to our understanding of the social, moral, and cultural conditions affecting whether students succeed or fail in school using data from the National Study of Youth and Religion, which offers a nationally representative sample of 3,290 dyads of parents and teenagers. This analysis illuminates the complexity of disadvantage and explicates the ways in which a teen’s moral ecology interacts with individual-level factors to influence student success
The dry spell : an interaction ritual approach to sexual inactivity and mental health among American young adults.
No full textContemporary society reinforces gendered sexual scripts as a mode of sexual behavior; wherein men seek affirmation as active agents of sexual encounters and women take the passive role as gatekeepers of access to sex. Much research exists on the effects of sexual scripts on women, with limited examination of the impact on men and mental health, particularly outside the active agent role. Using Wave 4 of the National Survey of Youth and Religion, I find that men who report no sex in the past six months or more were more likely to report depressive symptoms and were significantly less satisfied with their lives than their counterparts, with no protective effect of prior sex partners. The impact of sexual encounters on life satisfaction was fully mediated by levels of commitment. These findings suggest that the relationship between sexuality and well-being may be best analyzed as an affirmation of commitment
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Religion and social support for parents.
No full textHow does religion benefit parental well-being? Are religious parents benefitting from the source of informal social support that religion provides? Does religion have an effect apart from this? This study, using logistic regression with data from the Culture of American Families Project (2012) finds that the effects of various religious measures persist in benefitting parents net of social support. These benefits include general happiness, parenting satisfaction, and relationship quality with children. These findings are interpreted through theoretical perspectives including Collins' particular cultural capital and Stryker's identity theory
The effect of different types of internet activity on the religious commitment of American adults.
No full textThis study addresses the ongoing debate surrounding the Internet's role in shaping religious identity, beliefs, and practices. Using data from Wave VI of the Baylor Religion Survey, 2021, I add to previous studies examining Internet use broadly by analyzing the distinct effects of multifaceted Internet activity. I find that increased engagement in online gaming correlates with being an atheist, and decreased religious commitment, both private and public religiosity. Similarly, streaming videos negatively influences religious attendance and scripture reading. However, posting original content to social media has a dual relationship: it increases the likelihood of identifying as religiously unaffiliated, and is positively associated with personal prayer and scripture reading. Using social media sites and video chatting is not related to any outcomes. My findings suggest that the Internet is not a monolithic secularizing force, but rather a multifaceted phenomenon that can either promote secularization or reinforce religious beliefs and practices, which is contingent upon the specific online activities in which individuals engage
Differing Forms of Religious Participation and Their Effect on Fertility.
No full textReligion plays a major role in influencing fertility and fertility decisions. The relationship between religious attendance and fertility is well established. However, research has not looked at different forms of participation and their effect on fertility. Using Waves II-IV of the Baylor Religion Survey (BRS), this study explores the relationship between different forms of religious participation and fertility by comparing doctrine-related participation--Bible study or Sunday school--and social participation--fellowships or potlucks--and their effect on the number of children. Evidence suggests that doctrine-related participation affects fertility more than religious social participation. Doctrine-related participation also accounts for part of the effect of religious attendance while social participation does not. This suggests that the influence of reference groups within religious participation is more than social interaction but relates to the transmission and enforcement of doctrine
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