1,720,962 research outputs found
Identification of transformed grain boundaries and reconstruction of the prior grains from EBSD data in pure Ti and ?-Ti alloys
No full textWhen Ti is cooled rapidly from the ? region, the martensitic ? ? ? transformation occurs. The transformed microstructure will be made up ? phase grains, and the original structure of prior ? grains is no longer evident from optical microscopy or electron microscopy. This paper demonstrates a way to identify the transformation grain boundaries and accordingly reconstruct the prior grain structure through the use of electron backscattering diffraction on a scanning electron microscope. The approach is demonstrated for Ti and ?-Ti alloy, and it is thought to be applicable to other alloys such as in iron, zirconium
A comparison of grain size determination by light microscopy and EBSD analysis
Full text linkThis study shows that the accuracy of optical microscopy analysis of grain size depends on sample preparation techniques, etching procedures and materials, where the visibility of a boundary is a function of the techniques used, and the microstructure components on or close to the boundary. Optical examination of grain size does not always give the same information achieved by EBSD analysis. Fully automatic measurements of grain size by EBSD provides more accurate measurements than conventional optical imaging methods and yields smaller average grain size because EBSD has an advantage over the optical examination in better imaging smaller grains and its result is not dependent on etching and imaging techniques
Determination of the fatigue fracture planes of Co-Cr-Mo biomedical alloys using electron backscatter diffraction
No full textElectron backscatter diffraction on a scanning electron microscope has been utilized to acquire crystal orientation information around faceted fatigue cracks in a Co–Cr–Mo alloy for medical implants. The faceted fracture planes are unambiguously determined as {111} planes
An EBSD study of texture and grain boundary evolution in a strongly textured aluminium alloy during ECA pressing
No full textThe texture and grain boundary evolution during equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) of a spray-cast Al-7034 (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu) alloy containing intermetallic particles with a range of sizes was studied through electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Up to 8 passes of ECAP using route Bc were employed. The initial ECAP pass leads to the development of low angle grain boundaries and subsequent passes lead to a relatively rapid increase in the fraction of high angle grain boundaries. Before ECAP, the material possessed a strong <111> and <100> fibre texture. On ECAP, the <111> fibre texture component is mostly retained but the <100> fibre develops to a Cube texture after the first ECAP pass. Goss textures form from about 4 passes of ECAP
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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