100,682 research outputs found
X-ray analysis of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in complex with thiocarbamates: structure-based design and synthesis of new analogues
No full textT-duality invariant approaches to string theory
No full textPhDThis thesis investigates the quantum properties of T-duality invariant formalisms of
String Theory.
We introduce and review duality invariant formalisms of String Theory including
the Doubled Formalism. We calculate the background eld equations for the Doubled
Formalism of Abelian T-duality and show how they are consistent with those of a
conventional String Theory description of a toroidal compacti cation. We generalise
these considerations to the case of Poisson{Lie T-duality and show that the system of
renormalisation group equations obtained from the duality invariant parent theory are
equivalent to those of either of the T-dual pair of sigma-models. In duality invariant
formalisms it is quite common to loose manifest Lorentz invariance at the level of the
Lagrangian. The lack of manifest invariance means that at the quantum level one might
anticipate Lorentz anomalies and we show that such anomalies cancel non-trivially.
These represent important and non-trivial consistency checks of the duality invariant
approach to String Theory
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
Crystal structures of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase complexes with thiocarbamate non-nucleoside inhibitors
No full textO-Phthalimidoethyl-N-arylthiocarbamates (TCs) have been recently identified as a new class of potent HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) non-nucleoside inhibitors (NNRTIs), by means of computer-aided drug design techniques [Ranise A. Spallarossa, S. Cesarini, F. Bondavalli. S. Schenone, O. Bruno, G. Menozzi, P. Fossa, L. Mosti, M. La Colla, et al., Structure-based design, parallel synthesis, structure-activity relationship, and molecular modeling studies of thiocarbamates, new potent non-nucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriplase inhibitor isosteres of phenethylthiazolylthiourea derivatives, J. Med. Chem. 48 (2005) 3858-3873]. To elucidate the atomic details of RT/TC interaction and validate an earlier TC docking model, the structures of three RT/TC complexes were determined at 2.8-3.0 angstrom resolution by X-ray crystallography. The conformations adopted by the enzyme-bound TCs were analyzed and compared with those of bioisosterically related NNRTIs
Now or later? The theory of planned behavior and timing of fertility intentions
No full textThis article focuses on the time frame of intentions to have a child. For both parents and childless people we compare those who want a child now with those who intend to have a child within the next three years. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and using data from Norway (N = 1307), we investigate the role of attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control on these two different time frames in fertility intention. The results show that subjective norms have a significant effect on the timing of intentions to have a child for both childless people and parents: the more both groups feel that their intention to have a child is supported by their families and friends, the more likely they are to want a child now compared to within the next three years. It also shows that positive attitudes have a significant effect on intending to have a child now rather than later for parents but not for childless people. Perceived behavioural control is a significant determinant for both groups: people who consider themselves better able to cope with having child are more likely to intend to have a child now rather than within the next three years. But this effect disappears when we control for demographic background variables, suggesting that the effect of perceived control on the timing of having a child varies considerably with personal circumstances
Studi Cristallografici di Complessi tra Transcrittasi Inversa di HIV-1 e Derivati Tiocarbammici a Scheletro Ftalimmidico, Inibitori Non Nucleosidici Correlati ai Derivati PETT.
No full textCrystal structures of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in complexes with thiocarbamate non-nucleoside inhibitors
No full textO-Phthalimidoethyl-N-arylthiocarbamates (TCs) have been recently identified as a new class of potent HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) non-nucleoside inhibitors (NNRTIs), by means of computer-aided drug design techniques. To elucidate the atomic details of RT/TC interaction and validate an earlier TC docking model, the structures of three RT/TC complexes were determined at 2.8-3.0 Armstrong resolution by X-ray crystallography. The conformations adopted by the enzyme-bound TCs were analyzed and compared with those of bioisosterically related NNRTIs
Defining Root-
No full textWe give a tentative definition of the recently introduced Root-
operator in a generic, two dimensional quantum conformal field theory with
continuous spectrum of scaling weights. The definition assumes certain
factorization properties and uses Schwinger parametrization to introduce the
square root. Properties of the operator thus defined are investigated by
explicit computation of variations of two- and three-point correlation
functions.Comment: 28 pages, 1 figure; v2: references adde
Handwritten biographical information on Paulina T. McClung Merritt
No full textA handwritten biography of Paulina T. McClung Merritt by an unknown author, 1892.
Heterogeneous and tissue-specific regulation of effector T cell responses by IFN-gamma during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.
No full textIFN-γ and T cells are both required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Surprisingly, however, the role of IFN-γ in shaping the effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response during this infection has not been examined in detail. To address this, we have compared the effector T cell responses in wild-type and IFN-γ(-/-) mice during P. berghei ANKA infection. The expansion of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during P. berghei ANKA infection was unaffected by the absence of IFN-γ, but the contraction phase of the T cell response was significantly attenuated. Splenic T cell activation and effector function were essentially normal in IFN-γ(-/-) mice; however, the migration to, and accumulation of, effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lung, liver, and brain was altered in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Interestingly, activation and accumulation of T cells in various nonlymphoid organs was differently affected by lack of IFN-γ, suggesting that IFN-γ influences T cell effector function to varying levels in different anatomical locations. Importantly, control of splenic T cell numbers during P. berghei ANKA infection depended on active IFN-γ-dependent environmental signals--leading to T cell apoptosis--rather than upon intrinsic alterations in T cell programming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to fully investigate the role of IFN-γ in modulating T cell function during P. berghei ANKA infection and reveals that IFN-γ is required for efficient contraction of the pool of activated T cells
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