22 research outputs found
qdap-tm Package Compatibility
No full textThe qdap package (Rinker, 2013) is an R package designed to assist in quantitative discourse analysis. The package stands as a bridge between qualitative transcripts of dialogue and statistical analysis and visualization. The tm package (Feinerer and Hornik, 2014) is a major R (R Core Team, 2013) package used for a variety of text mining tasks. Many text analysis packages have been built around the tm package’s infrastructure (see CRAN Task View: Natural Language Processing). As qdap aims to act as a bridge to other R text mining analyses it is important that qdap provides a means of moving between the various qdap and tm data types. This vignette serves as a guide towards navigating between the qdap and tm packages. Specifically, the two goals of this vignette are to (1) describe the various data formats of the two packages and (2) demonstrate the use of qdap functions that enable the user to move seamlessly between the two packages. 1
The Ebb And Flow of Scaffolding: Thinking Flexibly About the Gradual Release of Responsibility During Explicit Strategy Instruction
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Using the Gradual Release of Responsibility Model to Support Video Reflection with Preservice and Inservice Teachers
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Plasma propellant interactions in an electrothermal-chemical gun
No full textThis Thesis covers work conducted to understand the mechanisms
underpinning the operation of the electrothermal-chemical gun. The
initial formation of plasma from electrically exploding wires, through to
the development of plasma venting from the capillary and interacting
with a densely packed energetic propellant bed is included. The prime
purpose of the work has been the development and validation of
computer codes designed for the predictive modelling of the
elect rothe rmal-ch em ical (ETC) gun.
Two main discussions in this Thesis are:
a proposed electrically insulating vapour barrier located around
condensed exploding conductors and
the deposition of metallic vapour resulting in a high energy flux to
the surface of propellant, leading to propellant ignition.
The vapour barrier hypothesis is important in a number of fields where
the passage of current through condensed material or through plasma
is significant. The importance may arise from the need to disrupt the
fragments by applying strong magnetic fields (as in the disruption of
metallic shaped charge jets); in the requirement to generate a metallic
vapour efficiently from electrically exploding wires (as per ETC ignition systems); or in the necessity to re-use the condensed material after a
discharge (as with lightning divertor strips).
The ignition by metallic vapour deposition hypothesis relies on the
transfer of latent heat during condensation. It is important for the
efficient transfer of energy from an exploded wire (or other such
metallic vapour generating device) to the surface of energetic material.
This flux is obtained far more efficiently through condensation than
from radiative energy transfer, because the energy required to
evaporate copper is far less than that required to heat it to
temperatures at which significant radiative flux would be emitte
Auditory and speech processing in specific language impairment (SLI) and dyslexia
No full textThis thesis investigates auditory and speech processing in Specific Language
Impairment (SLI) and dyslexia. One influential theory of SLI and dyslexia postulates
that both SLI and dyslexia stem from similar underlying sensory deficit that impacts
speech perception and phonological development leading to oral language and literacy
deficits. Previous studies, however, have shown that these underlying sensory deficits
exist in only a subgroup of language impaired individuals, and the exact nature of these
deficits is still largely unknown.
The present thesis investigates three aspects of auditory-phonetic interface: 1) The
weighting of acoustic cues to phonetic voicing contrast 2) the preattentive and attentive
discrimination of speech and non-linguistic stimuli and 3) the formation of auditory
memory traces for speech and non-linguistic stimuli in young adults with SLI and
dyslexia. This thesis focuses on looking at both individial and group-level data of
auditory and speech processing and their relationship with higher-level language
measures. The groups of people with SLI and dyslexia who participated were aged
between 14 and 25 and their performance was compared to a group of controls matched
on chronological age, IQ, gender and handedness.
Investigations revealed a complex pattern of behaviour. The results showed that
individuals with SLI or dyslexia are not poor at discriminating sounds (whether speech
or non-speech). However, in all experiments, there was more variation and more outliers
in the SLI group indicating that auditory deficits may occur in a small subgroup of the
SLI population. Moreover, investigations of the exact nature of the input-processing
deficit revealed that some individuals with SLI have less categorical representations for
speech sounds and that they weight the acoustic cues to phonemic identity differently
from controls and dyslexics
quanteda/quanteda: CRAN v1.5.0
No full textNew features
<ul>
<li>Add <code>flatten</code> and <code>levels</code> arguments to <code>as.list.dictionary2()</code> to enable more flexible conversion of dictionary objects. (#1661)</li>
<li>In <code>corpus_sample()</code>, the <code>size</code> now works with the <code>by</code> argument, to control the size of units sampled from each group.</li>
<li>Improvements to <code>textstat_dist()</code> and <code>textstat_simil()</code>, see below.</li>
<li>Long tokens are not discarded automatically in the call to <code>tokens()</code>. (#1713)</li>
</ul>
Behaviour changes
<ul>
<li><code>textstat_dist()</code> and <code>textstat_simil()</code> now return sparse symmetric matrix objects using classes from the <strong>Matrix</strong> package. This replaces the former structure based on the <code>dist</code> class. Computation of these classes is now also based on the fast implementation in the <strong>proxyC</strong> package. When computing similarities, the new <code>min_simil</code> argument allows a user to ignore certain values below a specified similarity threshold. A new coercion method <code>as.data.frame.textstat_simildist()</code> now exists for converting these returns into a data.frame of pairwise comparisons. Existing methods such as <code>as.matrix()</code>, <code>as.dist()</code>, and <code>as.list()</code> work as they did before.</li>
<li>We have removed the "faith", "chi-squared", and "kullback" methods from <code>textstat_dist()</code> and <code>textstat_simil()</code> because these were either not symmetric or not invariant to document or feature ordering. Finally, the <code>selection</code> argument has been deprecated in favour of a new <code>y</code> argument. </li>
<li><code>textstat_readability()</code> now defaults to <code>measure = "Flesch"</code> if no measure is supplied. This makes it consistent with <code>textstat_lexdiv()</code> that also takes a default measure ("TTR") if none is supplied. (#1715)</li>
<li>The default values for <code>max_nchar</code> and <code>min_nchar</code> in <code>tokens_select()</code> are now NULL, meaning they are not applied if the user does not supply values. Fixes #1713.</li>
</ul>
Bug fixes and stability enhancements
<ul>
<li><code>kwic.corpus()</code> and <code>kwic.tokens()</code> behaviour now aligned, meaning that dictionaries are correctly faceted by key instead of by value. (#1684)</li>
<li>Improved formatting of <code>tokens()</code> verbose output. (#1683)</li>
<li>Subsetting and printing of subsetted kwic objects is more robust. (#1665)</li>
<li>The "Bormuth" and "DRP" measures are now fixed for <code>textstat_readability()</code>. (#1701)</li>
</ul>
quanteda/quanteda: CRAN v2.1.1
No full textBug fixes and stability enhancements
corpus_reshape() now allows reshaping back to documents even when segmented texts were of zero length. (#1978)
Special handling applied for Solaris to some issues breaking on that build, relating to the caching in summary.corpus()/textstat_summary()
quanteda/quanteda: CRAN v4.3.0
No full textChanges and additions
- Added corpus_chunk() for chunking texts into smaller documents.
- Significantly reduce the memory usage for the c operation on large tokens and tokens_xptr objects.
- Further improvements to the verbose messages for corpus, tokens, dfm and fcm objects.
- tokens_ngrams() now includes a new argument apply_if, functioning similar to this argument in tokens_compound() and tokens_lookup() (#2390).
- Replaced remove_unigram with match_pattern in object2id() to control the matching of single-word patterns or multi-word patterns.
- data_corpus_inaugural now updated for Trump 2025
