80 research outputs found
Protein and energy nutrition of marine gadoids, Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus L.)
No full text Primary goals of this thesis were to: 1) examine the in vivo digestion of macronutrients from conventional or alternative feed ingredients used in practical diets of juvenile gadoids (Atlantic cod and haddock), 2) document growth potential of fish at the juvenile grower phase given varying levels of dietary protein and energy and 3) assess the potential of in vitro pH-Stat methods for rapid screening protein quality of feed ingredients, specifically for gadoids. All primary research questions were linked to and built upon one another with the goal of gaining a better understanding of protein and energy utilization of juvenile grower phase gadoids. Studies showed that cod and haddock have a high capacity to utilize a wide range of dietary feed ingredients, such as fish meals, zooplankton meal, soybean products (meal, concentrate and isolate) and wheat gluten meal. New dietary formulations for gadoids may also utilize pulse meals, corn gluten meal, canola protein concentrate and crab meal. Digestibility data in this thesis is currently the only research that examined both in vivo and in vitro macronutrient digestibility of a large number and wide range of individual ingredients, specifically for gadoids. This is essential to gain new knowledge on protein and energy utilization as well as for least-cost ration formulations and effective substitution of ingredients into new formulations. Data has demonstrated a dietary digestible protein/digestible energy (DP/DE)ratio of 30 g DP/MJ DE is required for gadoids during the juvenile phase (in vitro closed-system pH-Stat assay for rapid screening protein quality of test ingredients that is ‘species-specific’ to gadoids. It is demonstrated that in vitro results generally reflected results obtained through conventional in vivo protein digestibility methods. Studies resulted in the first generation of a ‘gadoid-specific’ proteolytic enzyme extraction method and in vitro closed-system pH-Stat assay which may be useful to investigate protein digestion, absorption and metabolism of gadoids and further development of their feeds. </p
The mentoring cycle
No full textThe aim of this chapter is to explore the mentoring cycle and in particular, the concept of phases within the context of the mentoring relationship. The chapter begins by outlining a number of models that describe how mentoring relationships develop over time, such as Kram (1980, 1983), Missirian (1982), Clutterbuck (1985; 2004), and Westland (2015). The mentee and mentor perspective is explored by understanding the experiences of each, through insight, during various stages of the relationship. Next, the author identifies a number of empirical studies that have ‘tested’ the models to better understand their application to specific contexts (Westland, 2015). The models are compared and contrasted in order to identify the challenges associated with the concept of the mentoring cycle. The author also considers factors that influence the mentoring cycle and the effectiveness of the mentoring relationship. Finally, the author considers the implications of the mentoring cycle from a number of perspectives: mentoring relationships, program design, training for mentees and mentors, and future research agendas for both researchers and practitioners
Archeterokrohnia docrickettsae Thuesen & Haddock, 2013, n. sp.
No full textArcheterokrohnia docrickettsae n. sp. (Figs 1–4) Etymology. Named for the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute’s ROV Doc Ricketts, in turn named in honor of marine biologist Ed Ricketts, co-author of Sea of Cortez (Steinbeck & Ricketts 1941) and inspiration for the character “Doc” in the novel Cannery Row (Steinbeck 1945). Material examined. Holotype: The single specimen of this species is deposited in the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History (SBMNH)—a mature individual, 28.5 mm total length captured at 3245 m depth, at the north end of Pescadero Basin in the Gulf of California, Mexico (24 ° 22 ’ 2.47 ” N, 109 ° 12 ’ 29.44 ” W), 24 February 2012 (SBMNH No. 235523). Description. Total body length excluding tail fin (TL) 28.5 mm. Tail section 55.2 % of TL. Head blunt when hooded, triangular after preservation, head width 3.5 mm. Hooks 15 / 15, slender brown, dorsalmost three hooks on each side smaller. Anterior teeth 11 / 10, with wide bases of uneven sizes. Posterior teeth 4 / 4, small, about 25 % length of anterior teeth, clustered together in front of a plate at posteriormost part of vestibular organ. Vestibular organ located laterally on both sides of anterior teeth, joining together in an extension below posterior teeth and ending in a plate with small denticles. No vestibular papillae observed. Apical organ triangular, protruding from hood while alive. Eyes absent. Corona ciliata horseshoe-shaped. Trunk section of fairly uniform width (4.0 mm); body begins to taper posteriorly at tail/trunk junction. Body with slight ventral bend at tail/trunk junction; trunk section bright orange throughout in life. Anterior part of gut forms red esophagus once preserved; gut ivorycoloured and opaque. Transverse musculature 80 % of trunk, 17 % of tail. Ventral ganglion beginning at midpoint of trunk section, embedded within alveolar tissue on posterior half of trunk section, robust and elongated. One pair of lateral fins, rayed, starting just anterior of tail/trunk junction extending to the seminal vesicles. Small extension of each lateral fin ending in a ciliary fence, slightly posterior of anus. Ovaries cob-like, with many ova of different sizes. Annex gland present; annex gland diverticulum not observed. The specimen had mated, and each seminal receptacle contained a sperm packet. Seminal vesicles with inner core clearly differentiated from outer section; both parts ‘hooked’ anteriorly. Tail fin reaching posterior part of seminal vesicles, its form spathulate with 6 prominent ciliary fence organs on both ventral and dorsal sides. Further diagnostic information is given in Table 1. Remarks. This species is placed in the genus Archeterokrohnia on the basis of its extensive transverse musculature (~ 80 % or more of the trunk section), a tail section that is 50 % or more of the total body length, transverse musculature present in the tail section, a single lateral fin, and apical head organs. At 28.5 mm in length, A. docrickettsae is the largest species in the genus. Comparisons with the other three species of Archeterokrohnia are given in Table 1 based on the information summarized in Kapp (1991), following her format. A short artificial key is presented below to readily distinguish the four species of Archeterokrohnia. ......continued on the next pagePublished as part of Thuesen, Erik V. & Haddock, Steven H. D., 2013, Archeterokrohnia docrickettsae (Chaetognatha: Phragmophora: Heterokrohniidae), a new species of deep-sea arrow worm from the Gulf of California, pp. 320-328 in Zootaxa 3717 (3) on pages 321-322, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3717.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/22200
Effect of dietary lipid level on fatty acid beta-oxidation and lipid composition in various tissues of haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus L
No full textHaddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) is a gadoid fish species that deposits dietary lipid mainly in the liver. The fatty acid (FA) beta-oxidation activity of various tissues was evaluated in juvenile haddock fed graded levels of lipid. The catabolism of a radiolabelled FA, [1-(14)C]palmitoyl-CoA, through peroxisomal and mitochondrial beta-oxidation was determined in the liver, red and white muscle of juvenile haddock fed 12, 18 and 24% lipid in the diet. There was no significant increase in the mitochondrial or peroxisomal beta-oxidation activity in the tissues tested as the dietary lipid level increased from 12 to 24%. Peroxisomes accounted for 100% of the beta-oxidation observed in the liver, whereas mitochondrial beta-oxidation dominated in the red (91%) and white muscle (97%) of juvenile haddock. Of the tissues tested, red muscle possessed the highest specific activity for beta-oxidation expressed on a per mg protein or per g wet weight basis. However, white muscle, which forms over 50% of the body mass in gadoid fish was the most important tissue in juvenile haddock for overall FA catabolism. The total lipid and FA composition of these tissues were also determined. This study confirmed that the liver was the major lipid storage organ in haddock. The hepatosomatic index (HSI; 10.0-15.2%) and lipid (73.8-79.3% wet wt.) in the liver increased significantly as dietary lipid was increased from 12 to 24% lipid. There was no significant increase in the lipid composition of the white muscle (0.8% wet wt.), red muscle (1.9% wet wt.) or heart (2.5% wet wt.).LR: 20061115; PUBM: Print; JID: 9516061; 0 (Carbon Radioisotopes); 0 (Dietary Fats); 0 (Fatty Acids); 0 (Lipids); 0 (Lipoproteins, VLDL); 1763-10-6 (Palmitoyl Coenzyme A); ppublishSource type: Electronic(1
Diet data for haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) from two capelin spawning areas in Finnmark County, Norway, during 2005 and 2006
No full textDiet data for haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) were collected from two capelin (Mallotus villosus) spawning areas in Finnmark, Norway, during 2005–2006. Haddock were sampled using bottom trawl, and stomach content analysis was performed to estimate the proportions (wet weight) of various prey groups. The data were obtained and analyzed as part of a PhD project investigating predation on capelin eggs and capelin. These data are presented in the PhD thesis: Mikkelsen, N. (2013). Predation on the demersal fish eggs of capelin Mallotus villosus and lumpsucker Cyclopterus lumpus in relation to recruitment. PhD thesis, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, University of Tromsoe. UiT The Arctic University of Norway (former University of Tromsoe) funded a Phd-scholarship for the first author (N. Mikkelsen
The effective mentor, mentee and mentoring relationship
No full textThe aim of this chapter is to examine the various competency frameworks for mentors and mentees and consider the requirements for an effective mentoring relationship, exploring theoretical and empirical studies as well as conceptual models and frameworks. The chapter begins by outlining the behaviours, capabilities and characteristics of mentors and mentees drawing on current literature (Cooper & Palmer, 2000; Clutterbuck, 2004, 2011; Brockbank & McGill, 2006, Allen & Eby, 2011). These are compared and contrasted, taking into account methodological issues such as the significance of context (Kram, 1988; Bierema & Merriam, 2002; Fowler & O’Gorman, 2005; Ghosh, 2012), purpose and type of mentoring (Kram, 1980, 1985; Ragins & Cotton, 1999; Clutterbuck, 1998, 2015) and that competences may evolve through the different phases of the mentor-mentee relationship (Missiran, 1982; Kram, 1983; Clutterbuck, 1995, 1998).
In addition, the author recognises the need to consider the complex adaptive system (Mitleton-Kelly, 1997; Lansing, 2003; Clutterbuck, 2012) in which the mentor-mentee relationship is established and developed. Next, the author examines the measures for the effectiveness of a mentoring relationship, with particular reference to how this might be useful in the initiation, support and measurement of mentoring outcomes. Finally, the author offers recommendations for future research
INVESTIGATION OF ULTRAFAST ELECTRON AND PROTON TRANSFER PROCESSES IN COPPER-ANTHRAQUINONE DONOR-ACCEPTOR MOLECULES
No full textWe have investigated the photochemistry of molecular dyads composed of a light absorbing Cu(I) diimine species co-valently linked to an anthraquinone moiety (CuAnQ). These donor-acceptor molecules serve as Earth-abundant prototypes for studying charge accumulation mechanisms in donor-acceptor-donor triads. We have utilized ultrafast optical and NIR spectroscopy to study the kinetics of the electron transfer, taking advantage of the optical and NIR signatures of the AnQ− radical anion.
After excitation into a ¹MLCT band, we observe electron transfer from Cu to AnQ in 10’s of picoseconds, forming a charge-separated state (CSS). The assignment of the CSS to Cu²⁺AnQ− was confirmed by spectroelectrochemical study of the Cu⁺AnQ− species. The CSS relaxes back to the ground state in 3 nanoseconds.
In the presence of a protic solvent, the charge-separated state further transforms into a new species. The spectral changes suggest this product results from protonation of the AnQ− into the semiquinone radical (HAnQ•). Accompanying this protonation is an extension of the charge-separated state lifetime from 3 ns to 15 ns.
These results provide promise for future studies on the CuAnQCu triad, which can potentially form the double reduced Cu²⁺AnQ²−Cu²⁺ and Cu²⁺HAnQCu²⁺ CSSs. Preliminary experiments which indicate CO₂ binding to the Cu²⁺AnQ− and Cu²⁺HAnQ• CSSs are still underway
Co-Surgeons in Breast Reconstructive Microsurgery: What Do They Bring to the Table?
No full textAs the content in this document has been previously published in the journal Microsurgery, an internal indefinite embargo will be placed on this document through the department of Medical Student Research at UT Southwestern. This will ensure that this document will not be published online and will remain only within the UT Southwestern system to not infringe upon copyright regulations established between the authors and Microsurgery.The general metadata -- e.g., title, author, abstract, subject headings, etc. -- is publicly available, but access to the submitted files is restricted to UT Southwestern campus access and/or authorized UT Southwestern users.INTRODUCTION: Current research within other surgical specialties suggests that a co-surgeon approach may reduce operative times and complications associated with complex bilateral procedures, possibly leading to improved patient and surgical outcomes. We sought to evaluate the role of the co-surgery team and its development in free flap breast reconstruction.
METHODS: A retrospective review of free-flap breast reconstruction by two surgeons from 2011-2016 was conducted. We analyzed 128 patients who underwent bilateral-DIEP breast. Surgical groups were: single-surgeon reconstruction (SSR; 35 patients), Co-Surgery where both surgeons are present for entire reconstruction (CSR-I; 69 patients), and Co-Surgery reconstruction where co-surgeons appropriately assist in two concurrent or staggered cases (CSR-II; 24 patients). Efficiency data collected was OR time and patient length-of-stay (LOS). The rate of flap-failure, return to OR, infection, wound breakdown, seroma, hematoma and PE/DVT were compared.
RESULTS: Single-surgeon reconstruction had significantly longer OR time (678 vs 485 minutes, p< 0.0001), LOS (5 vs 3.9 days, p<0.001), higher wound occurrences of the umbilical site that required surgical correction [11.4 percent (n=4) versus 1.5 percent,(n=1); p<0.043] compared to CSR-I. Similarly, SSR had significantly longer average OR time (678 vs 527 minutes p< 0.0001), average LOS (5 days vs 4 days, p=0.0005) when compared to CSR-II. There were no total increased patient related complications associated with co-surgery (CSR- I or II).
CONCLUSION: The addition of a Co-surgeon, even with concurrent surgery, reduces operative time, average patient LOS, and post-operative complications. This work lends a strong credence that Co-surgery model is associated with increased operative efficiency
Recreational Access Management Planning: Understanding Perceptions Regarding Public Forest Lands in SW Alberta
No full textManagement of recreational access on public forest lands is a complex issue of growing global importance. The provision of public recreation opportunities is part of the suite of ecological goods and services that must be considered by many forest managers. Effective access management is predicated on understanding the attitudes and perceptions of recreation users in order to predict and influence visitor behaviour and gauge the acceptance of new management strategies. Potential access management strategies vary given the nature of recreation activities and include: restricting the amount, type, and spatial distribution of use, visitor education, temporal restrictions and enhancing site durability. In this research we examined the views of recreation users on public lands in southwestern Alberta, Canada through implementation of an online survey (n = 945) with a focus on access management options. The results indicate a strong belief that the quality of the recreation experience is declining and that increased management and enforcement are required. More detailed analysis indicates that demographic and user-type variables strongly influence ideas about appropriate management. Forest managers need to engage with, understand, and respond to a wide variety of recreation user needs and preferences
Inaccuracies in routinely collected Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) maturity data and correction using a gonadosomatic index model
No full textPeer reviewe
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