1,720,963 research outputs found
3D ultrasound tissue imaging for the study of local anisotropic of the heart muscle : application to myocardial infarction
No full textL’imagerie échographique a connu un fort développement ces dernières années. Elle possède une cadence d’imagerie allant jusqu’à plusieurs milliers d’images par secondes notamment avec l’émergence des méthodes dites ultrarapides. Il s’agit donc de la modalité la plus adaptée pour des applications cardiaques permettant non seulement la reconstruction d’images mais également l’extraction de paramètres pour la caractérisation tissulaire, comme l’anisotropie locale présente dans le cœur. En effet, cet arrangement fibreux peut être modifié dans le cas de pathologies cardiaques. L’objectif de ce travail de doctorat est le développement d’une méthode d’extraction par imagerie ultrasonore 3D de l’orientation locale d’un milieu anisotrope. Cette approche doit permettre l’imagerie avec un large champ de vue pour être appliquée en imagerie cardiaque. Enfin, la validation de la chaîne de traitement est nécessaire. Pour répondre à ces problématiques, plusieurs solutions ont été proposées. Tout d’abord, l’orientation locale a été évaluée grâce à une méthode de cohérence spatiale permettant l’estimation de l’orientation dans un plan parallèle à la surface de la sonde. Une fois mise au point et validée, cette stratégie a été étendue afin d’extraire l’orientation locale en 3D et non uniquement l’angle dans un plan. Enfin, l’étude de différents types de transmissions a également été effectuée dans le but d’élargir le champ de vue imagé. Toutes ces méthodes originales ont été appliquées et validées sur des données acquises sur fantôme et in vivo. Ainsi, la détermination de l’orientation locale d’un milieu anisotrope a tout d’abord été réalisée sur un fantôme monodirectionnel puis sur le biceps d’un volontaire. Pour cela, un système expérimental constitué de quatre échographes de recherche a été élaboré grâce à la mise en commun d’équipements de CREATIS et du LabTAU, un autre laboratoire Lyonnais, afin d’acquérir des données en 3D. Ces travaux ont ainsi permis l’extension au cas d’une orientation non parallèle à la surface de la sonde d’un milieu anisotrope ainsi qu’une amélioration en termes de taille de champ de vue de la méthode existante. La validation de toute la chaîne de traitement a été réalisée. L’application au tissu cardiaque in vivo s’inscrit dans les directes perspectives des travauxUltrasound imaging has strongly developed in recent years. It reaches now a frame rates of several thousand images per second, thanks to the emergence of ultrafast imaging. It is therefore the most suitable modality for cardiac applications. Not only does it allow the reconstruction of images, it also enables the extraction of parameters for tissue characterization, such as local anisotropy inside the heart muscle. Indeed, this fibrous layout can be modified in the case of cardiac pathologies. The aim of this doctoral work is the development of a method to extract the local orientation of an anisotropic environment by 3D ultrasound imaging. This approach should allow imaging with a wide field a view to be applied in cardiac imaging. Finally, the validation of the processing chain is necessary. To address these issues, several solutions have been proposed. First, the local orientation was evaluated using a spatial coherence method. It allowed assessing the orientation of fibres in a plane parallel to the surface of the probe. Once developed and validated, this strategy was extended to extract the local orientation in 3D and not only the angle in a plane. Finally, the study of different types of transmissions was also carried out in order to widen the imaged field of view. All these original methods have been applied and validated on phantom and in vivo data: the determination of the local orientation of an anisotropic environment was first performed on a monodirectional phantom and then on the biceps of a volunteer. For this purpose, an experimental system consisting of four research ultrasound scanners was developed thanks to the sharing of equipment from CREATIS and LabTAU, another laboratory in Lyon, in order to acquire 3D data. This work has thus made it possible both to extend an anisotropic environment to the case of an orientation not parallel to the surface of the probe and to improve the size of the field of view of the existing method. The validation of the entire processing chain has been completed. Applying this method to in vivo cardiac tissue is directly part of future studie
Imagerie tissulaire ultrasonore 3D pour l’étude de l’anisotropie locale du muscle cardiaque
No full textUltrasound imaging has strongly developed in recent years. It reaches now a frame rates of several thousand images per second, thanks to the emergence of ultrafast imaging. It is therefore the most suitable modality for cardiac applications. Not only does it allow the reconstruction of images, it also enables the extraction of parameters for tissue characterization, such as local anisotropy inside the heart muscle. Indeed, this fibrous layout can be modified in the case of cardiac pathologies. The aim of this doctoral work is the development of a method to extract the local orientation of an anisotropic environment by 3D ultrasound imaging. This approach should allow imaging with a wide field a view to be applied in cardiac imaging. Finally, the validation of the processing chain is necessary. To address these issues, several solutions have been proposed. First, the local orientation was evaluated using a spatial coherence method. It allowed assessing the orientation of fibres in a plane parallel to the surface of the probe. Once developed and validated, this strategy was extended to extract the local orientation in 3D and not only the angle in a plane. Finally, the study of different types of transmissions was also carried out in order to widen the imaged field of view. All these original methods have been applied and validated on phantom and in vivo data: the determination of the local orientation of an anisotropic environment was first performed on a monodirectional phantom and then on the biceps of a volunteer. For this purpose, an experimental system consisting of four research ultrasound scanners was developed thanks to the sharing of equipment from CREATIS and LabTAU, another laboratory in Lyon, in order to acquire 3D data. This work has thus made it possible both to extend an anisotropic environment to the case of an orientation not parallel to the surface of the probe and to improve the size of the field of view of the existing method. The validation of the entire processing chain has been completed. Applying this method to in vivo cardiac tissue is directly part of future studiesL’imagerie échographique a connu un fort développement ces dernières années. Elle possède une cadence d’imagerie allant jusqu’à plusieurs milliers d’images par secondes notamment avec l’émergence des méthodes dites ultrarapides. Il s’agit donc de la modalité la plus adaptée pour des applications cardiaques permettant non seulement la reconstruction d’images mais également l’extraction de paramètres pour la caractérisation tissulaire, comme l’anisotropie locale présente dans le cœur. En effet, cet arrangement fibreux peut être modifié dans le cas de pathologies cardiaques. L’objectif de ce travail de doctorat est le développement d’une méthode d’extraction par imagerie ultrasonore 3D de l’orientation locale d’un milieu anisotrope. Cette approche doit permettre l’imagerie avec un large champ de vue pour être appliquée en imagerie cardiaque. Enfin, la validation de la chaîne de traitement est nécessaire. Pour répondre à ces problématiques, plusieurs solutions ont été proposées. Tout d’abord, l’orientation locale a été évaluée grâce à une méthode de cohérence spatiale permettant l’estimation de l’orientation dans un plan parallèle à la surface de la sonde. Une fois mise au point et validée, cette stratégie a été étendue afin d’extraire l’orientation locale en 3D et non uniquement l’angle dans un plan. Enfin, l’étude de différents types de transmissions a également été effectuée dans le but d’élargir le champ de vue imagé. Toutes ces méthodes originales ont été appliquées et validées sur des données acquises sur fantôme et in vivo. Ainsi, la détermination de l’orientation locale d’un milieu anisotrope a tout d’abord été réalisée sur un fantôme monodirectionnel puis sur le biceps d’un volontaire. Pour cela, un système expérimental constitué de quatre échographes de recherche a été élaboré grâce à la mise en commun d’équipements de CREATIS et du LabTAU, un autre laboratoire Lyonnais, afin d’acquérir des données en 3D. Ces travaux ont ainsi permis l’extension au cas d’une orientation non parallèle à la surface de la sonde d’un milieu anisotrope ainsi qu’une amélioration en termes de taille de champ de vue de la méthode existante. La validation de toute la chaîne de traitement a été réalisée. L’application au tissu cardiaque in vivo s’inscrit dans les directes perspectives des travau
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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