1,721,080 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Lääkkeisiin liittyvät haittatapahtumat terveydenhuollossa
No full textAbstractMedication-related adverse events include adverse drug events either directly or indirectly related to the drug’s pharmacology, as well as medication errors, i.e. errors in the medication process. Medication-related adverse events are common issue in both the inpatient and outpatient setting affecting approximately 20% of hospitalized patients and causing 3–5% of unplanned hospital admissions in the adult population. Although medication-related adverse events are common in all age groups, geriatric patients have been found especially susceptible to them. With the estimates of increased life expectancy and higher consumption of medicines in the future, there has been a growing pressure for more efficient detection and prevention of medication-related adverse events.The objective of this study was to form a comprehensive overview of medication-related adverse events around the Finnish tertiary care by describing both adverse drug events and medication errors occurring in this setting. The results of this research project demonstrated that adverse drug events affect approximately every fifth patient during hospital admission and that one third of these events are preventable. Most of adverse drug events and medication errors occur with medicines from commonly used ATC groups, the largest group being the N (Nervous class) medicines. Medication-related adverse events were also identified as a burdening factor to the health care organizations, as it was estimated that 23% of the unplanned geriatric hospital admissions resulted from adverse drug events.This research project was the first to describe the overall situation of medication-related adverse events in the Finnish tertiary care by utilizing the national medication safety incident report (Haipro) data. It emphasized the importance of medication safety research in the development of adverse event detection and prevention methods. The results of this research project create opportunities for further development of both national medication safety and patient safety.Original papersOriginal papers are not included in the electronic version of the dissertation.Laatikainen, O., Miettunen, J., Sneck, S., Lehtiniemi, H., Tenhunen, O., & Turpeinen, M. (2017). The prevalence of medication-related adverse events in inpatients—a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 73(12), 1539–1549. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00228-017-2330-3Self-archived versionLaatikainen, O., Sneck, S., Miettunen, J., & Turpeinen, M. (2019). Medicines involved in medication errors and near miss events in the Finnish tertiary care hospitals: A longitudinal study from 2007 to 2017. Manuscript in preparation.Laatikainen, O., Sneck, S., & Turpeinen, M. (2020). The Risks and Outcomes Resulting From Medication Errors Reported in the Finnish Tertiary Care Units: Units: A Cross-sectional Retrospective Register Study. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.01571Self-archived versionLaatikainen, O., Sneck, S., Bloigu, R., Lahtinen, M., Lauri, T., & Turpeinen, M. (2016). Hospitalizations Due to Adverse Drug Events in the Elderly—A Retrospective Register Study. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2016.00358TiivistelmäLääkkeisiin liittyviin haittatapahtumiin luetaan sekä lääkkeen farmakologiaan suorasti tai epäsuorasti liittyvät lääkehaitat, että lääkehoidon prosessin virheinä ilmenevät lääkityspoikkeamat. Lääkehaitat ja lääkityspoikkeamat ovat yleinen ongelma niin sairaaloissa kuin avohoidon puolellakin koskettaen arviolta 20 % sairaalassa hoidetuista potilaista ja aiheuttaen arviolta 3–5 % kaikista aikuisväestön päivystyskäynneistä. Vaikka lääkehaittoja esiintyy yleisesti koko väestön tasolla, ovat iäkkäät potilaat niille erityisen alttiita. Väestön ikärakenteen muutos sekä lääkkeiden kasvava kulutus luovat paineita lääkkeisiin liittyvien haittatapahtumien entistä tehokkaammalle tunnistamiselle ja ennaltaehkäisylle tulevaisuudessa.Tämän työn tarkoituksena oli muodostaa kokonaiskäsitys lääkkeisiin liittyvistä haittatapahtumista kuvaamalla sekä lääkehaittojen että lääkityspoikkeamien ilmenemistä erikoissairaanhoidon ympärillä. Työssä lääkehaittoja havaittiin arviolta joka viidennellä erikoissairaanhoidossa hoidetulla potilaalla. Kolmasosa lääkehaitoista arvioitiin ennaltaehkäistäviksi. Suurin osa lääkehaittoihin ja lääkityspoikkeamiin osallistuneista lääkkeistä kuului viiteen yleisesti käytettyyn ATC-ryhmään, joista useimmiten edustettuna olivat keskushermoston kautta vaikuttavat lääkeaineet (N-ryhmän lääkkeet). Lääkehaittojen havaittiin aiheuttavan merkittävää kuormitusta erikoissairaanhoidossa aiheuttamalla arviolta 23 % iäkkäiden päivystyskäynneistä.Tämä väitöskirjatutkimus kuvasi lääkehaittoja suomalaisessa erikoissairaanhoidossa ensimmäisen kerran kansallista Haipro-aineistoa hyödyntäen. Tutkimuksessa osoitettiin lääkkeisiin liittyviin haittoihin kohdistuvan tutkimuksen ja tiedon tärkeys sekä seurantaa että ennaltaehkäiseviä prosesseja suunniteltaessa. Tämän väitöskirjaprojektin tutkimus luo pohjaa sekä lääkitysturvallisuuden että potilasturvallisuuden kansalliselle kehitykselle suomalaisissa terveydenhuollon organisaatioissa.OsajulkaisutOsajulkaisut eivät sisälly väitöskirjan elektroniseen versioon.Laatikainen, O., Miettunen, J., Sneck, S., Lehtiniemi, H., Tenhunen, O., & Turpeinen, M. (2017). The prevalence of medication-related adverse events in inpatients—a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 73(12), 1539–1549. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00228-017-2330-3Rinnakkaistallennettu versioLaatikainen, O., Sneck, S., Miettunen, J., & Turpeinen, M. (2019). Medicines involved in medication errors and near miss events in the Finnish tertiary care hospitals: A longitudinal study from 2007 to 2017. Manuscript in preparation.Laatikainen, O., Sneck, S., & Turpeinen, M. (2020). The Risks and Outcomes Resulting From Medication Errors Reported in the Finnish Tertiary Care Units: Units: A Cross-sectional Retrospective Register Study. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.01571Rinnakkaistallennettu versioLaatikainen, O., Sneck, S., Bloigu, R., Lahtinen, M., Lauri, T., & Turpeinen, M. (2016). Hospitalizations Due to Adverse Drug Events in the Elderly—A Retrospective Register Study. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2016.00358Academic dissertation to be presented with the assent of the Doctoral Training Committee of Health and Biosciences of the University of Oulu for public defence in Auditorium F202 of the Faculty of Medicine (Aapistie 5 B), on 6 March 2020, at 12 noonAbstract
Medication-related adverse events include adverse drug events either directly or indirectly related to the drug’s pharmacology, as well as medication errors, i.e. errors in the medication process. Medication-related adverse events are common issue in both the inpatient and outpatient setting affecting approximately 20% of hospitalized patients and causing 3–5% of unplanned hospital admissions in the adult population. Although medication-related adverse events are common in all age groups, geriatric patients have been found especially susceptible to them. With the estimates of increased life expectancy and higher consumption of medicines in the future, there has been a growing pressure for more efficient detection and prevention of medication-related adverse events.
The objective of this study was to form a comprehensive overview of medication-related adverse events around the Finnish tertiary care by describing both adverse drug events and medication errors occurring in this setting. The results of this research project demonstrated that adverse drug events affect approximately every fifth patient during hospital admission and that one third of these events are preventable. Most of adverse drug events and medication errors occur with medicines from commonly used ATC groups, the largest group being the N (Nervous class) medicines. Medication-related adverse events were also identified as a burdening factor to the health care organizations, as it was estimated that 23% of the unplanned geriatric hospital admissions resulted from adverse drug events.
This research project was the first to describe the overall situation of medication-related adverse events in the Finnish tertiary care by utilizing the national medication safety incident report (Haipro) data. It emphasized the importance of medication safety research in the development of adverse event detection and prevention methods. The results of this research project create opportunities for further development of both national medication safety and patient safety.Tiivistelmä
Lääkkeisiin liittyviin haittatapahtumiin luetaan sekä lääkkeen farmakologiaan suorasti tai epäsuorasti liittyvät lääkehaitat, että lääkehoidon prosessin virheinä ilmenevät lääkityspoikkeamat. Lääkehaitat ja lääkityspoikkeamat ovat yleinen ongelma niin sairaaloissa kuin avohoidon puolellakin koskettaen arviolta 20 % sairaalassa hoidetuista potilaista ja aiheuttaen arviolta 3–5 % kaikista aikuisväestön päivystyskäynneistä. Vaikka lääkehaittoja esiintyy yleisesti koko väestön tasolla, ovat iäkkäät potilaat niille erityisen alttiita. Väestön ikärakenteen muutos sekä lääkkeiden kasvava kulutus luovat paineita lääkkeisiin liittyvien haittatapahtumien entistä tehokkaammalle tunnistamiselle ja ennaltaehkäisylle tulevaisuudessa.
Tämän työn tarkoituksena oli muodostaa kokonaiskäsitys lääkkeisiin liittyvistä haittatapahtumista kuvaamalla sekä lääkehaittojen että lääkityspoikkeamien ilmenemistä erikoissairaanhoidon ympärillä. Työssä lääkehaittoja havaittiin arviolta joka viidennellä erikoissairaanhoidossa hoidetulla potilaalla. Kolmasosa lääkehaitoista arvioitiin ennaltaehkäistäviksi. Suurin osa lääkehaittoihin ja lääkityspoikkeamiin osallistuneista lääkkeistä kuului viiteen yleisesti käytettyyn ATC-ryhmään, joista useimmiten edustettuna olivat keskushermoston kautta vaikuttavat lääkeaineet (N-ryhmän lääkkeet). Lääkehaittojen havaittiin aiheuttavan merkittävää kuormitusta erikoissairaanhoidossa aiheuttamalla arviolta 23 % iäkkäiden päivystyskäynneistä.
Tämä väitöskirjatutkimus kuvasi lääkehaittoja suomalaisessa erikoissairaanhoidossa ensimmäisen kerran kansallista Haipro-aineistoa hyödyntäen. Tutkimuksessa osoitettiin lääkkeisiin liittyviin haittoihin kohdistuvan tutkimuksen ja tiedon tärkeys sekä seurantaa että ennaltaehkäiseviä prosesseja suunniteltaessa. Tämän väitöskirjaprojektin tutkimus luo pohjaa sekä lääkitysturvallisuuden että potilasturvallisuuden kansalliselle kehitykselle suomalaisissa terveydenhuollon organisaatioissa
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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