1,720,969 research outputs found
The maternity care experiences and needs of migrant women with female genital mutilation living in Australia
Get PDFUniversity of Technology Sydney. Faculty of Health.Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a cultural practice defined as the partial or total removal of the external female genitalia for non-therapeutic reasons. Changing patterns of migration have resulted in clinicians in high-income countries caring for more women from countries where FGM is traditionally practised. Women affected by FGM who are pregnant and giving birth may require specialist care depending on their individual needs and type of FGM. However, many clinicians in these countries are unfamiliar with FGM, posing a challenge to the provision of quality of care. There is a lack of research in high-income countries that focuses on the maternity care experiences of women with FGM, that is necessary to ensure quality care.
The aim of this study was to explore the maternity care experience and needs of women affected by FGM who have migrated to Australia and to inform culturally safe and high-quality woman-centred care and contribute to maternity policy and practice improvements.
Appreciative Inquiry was used as a collaborative approach to identify positive care experiences and create a participatory approach to engage women. Women with FGM were recruited through chain referral and the involvement of a community. Twenty-three semi-structured interviews and four focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted in metropolitan Sydney. All data, including field notes, were analysed thematically using the 4Ds cycle of Appreciative Inquiry (Discovery, Dream, Design and Develop).
Twenty-seven women affected by FGM from a range of countries participated in this study. The analysis revealed five major themes: (1) My FGM story, (2) appreciating the best in their experiences; (3) achieving their own dreams; (4) planning together; and (5) acting, modifying, improving and sustaining.
Subjective measures of ideal quality maternity care were identified based on women’s perceptions and expectations. Women acknowledged the reality of maternity care and situations when it was not of the quality they desired or expected. Women reported that they were not always engaged in all aspects of their care. Most women expressed their desire to play an active role in their care, but they struggled with poor communication and a lack of information tailored to their individual needs. Women identified their meaningful involvement in the design and delivery of their care as a key strategy for improving and validating the quality of the maternity services they received.
Women with FGM in this study had a clear understanding of their health and cultural needs. It is necessary to engage women as equals in the design and delivery of their own health care services. Such a level of partnership will ensure and sustain the quality of health services by centring woman and collaborating with them to deliver health care that meets their physical, emotional and cultural needs, thereby achieving quality care for affected women.
This study is one of the first of its kind in Australia and provides an understanding of policy, socio-cultural and healthcare gaps, and strategies required to build self-efficacy and improve health outcomes for women with FGM. The findings from this research can be used as an advocacy tool or guideline to inform policy and practice and improve the quality of care for affected women through a participatory approach to co-designing future maternity care for women affected by FGM
Community based skilled birth attendants programme in Bangladesh; intervention towards improving maternal health
Get PDFAim: To review the strength and weakness of a community based skilled birth attendant (CSBA) program in Bangladesh.Specific Objective: To explore perceptions of the providers, decision makers and community regarding newly trained community based skilled birth attendants.To understand challenges, gaps and obstacles and recommend potential solutions for programme improvement.Design: A descriptive study, using a qualitative approach was chosen to elicit the views and experiences of different stakeholders and the beneficiaries of the program was undertaken. The study intended to enhance understanding on gaps and challenges during program implementation by getting insight into different views. The data were captured through different methods including in-depth interviews (IDIs) and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). In addition, the initial review of the existing literature and other related policies and documents were also employed.Participants: Nine in-depth interviews were conducted with graduate CSBAs, 10 with Key informants including government, donor agencies and CSBAs’ trainers. Three FGDs were conducted with two groups of community women and a group of CSBAs trainees.Finding: In general, the role and scope of work of CSBAs found to be uncertain; with no clear consensus on their job description or clarity of their role. Most of the respondents appreciated the role of the CSBAs in reducing maternal mortality; however, the real impact was still uncertain due to many barriers. The main barriers was low job satisfaction, lack of supportive work environment, supportive policies and low acceptability at the community which had led to the provider being demoralised and resulted in low productivity.Conclusion: To achieve the MDG’s targets related to maternal and child health, the health systems cannot function without competent and well trained skilled providers who can provide quality services. The CSBA program may not be the best solution in the long term but it could be a temporary option for emergency response to the crisis of human resources in health system but in long term government of Bangladesh needs to revise their policies and strategies to train more qualified health providers
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Use of contraceptive methods among married women of Bagnibari village: perceptions, preferences and behaviors
No full textIncludes bibliographical references (page 90).Introduction: Understanding the cultural and socioeconomic factors influencing the choice of contraceptives among women are essential to having a successful family planning program.
Objectives: To identify the cultural and socioeconomic factors influencing the individual use of contraception among married women of reproductive age in Bagnibari village
Methods: A qualitative grounded theory approach collected data from In-Depth Interviews (IDI), a Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Participatory Rural Appraisals (PRA), and informal discussions and observations in peri-urban Bagnibari village from married women of reproductive age and key informants.
Results: The most popular contraceptive method is the pill followed by the injection. Decision-making regarding contraceptive use is directly and indirectly affected by the relationship of three dimensions – individual, cultural, and socioeconomic. All are heavily influenced by Muslim religious beliefs and male and female power dynamics. Women are responsible for use of contraceptives and often do not have proper knowledge regarding the methods and side effects. Knowledge is further limited by the cultural context placing women primarily in the home without access to non-governmental family planning options. Women perceive government family planning as inadequate. There was a lack of trust in government services. Women prefer temporary methods rather than permanent methods owing to their religious beliefs.
Conclusion: Cultural and socioeconomic factors have a significant impact on contraceptive use. The relationship among the three dimensions influencing contraceptive use has to be addressed when delivering family planning services.Kausar ParvinK. ThaemertSabera Turkman
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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