2,112,970 research outputs found
The European Transformation of Modern Turkey. CEPS Paperback. September 2004
No full textThe outcome of a research project carried out by CEPS and the Economics and Foreign Policy Forum (EFPF) of Istanbul, this book examines in detail the challenges and opportunities that would arise with Turkey’s full membership of the European Union. The authors, consisting of both Turkish and West European experts, address such controversial issues as Turkey’s cost to Europe, the potential for economic convergence and the implications of Turkish membership for the future of Europe. The authors also identify the areas where a closer cooperation between Turkey and the EU in advance of full membership would be advantageous for both parties. They focus with this aim on a set of measures ranging from ‘virtual membership’ in certain policy areas to more specific transition policies. In short, this book gives a clear picture about the nature of the topics and the issues that would dominate full membership negotiations with Turkey
[Turkey 1:25,000] /
No full textTopographic map series of Turkey covering the Bulgarian and Greek border regions, from Adrianople (Edirne) to Kirk Kilisa (Lozengrad). Shows roads, tracks, religious buildings, vegetation, water features and trenches. Relief shown by contours and spot heights.; Titles constructed by cataloger.; Sheets separately titled.; "Erkan-i Harbiye-i Umumiye matbaasinda tab olumustur sene-i maliye 13...".[1;25,000 Ottoman maps of Turkey]Adrianople are
[Nautical charts of Turkey] [cartographic material]
No full textRelief shown by contours, spot heights, and land form drawings. Depths shown by contours, soundings, and gradient tints.; Titles supplied by cataloguer.; Sheets issued <1964-1971> published by the Seyir ve Hidrografi Dairesi; <1976-> by the Seyir, Hidrografi ve Osinografi Dairesi.; Includes various editions of some sheets.; Includes Turkish-English glossary.; Some sheets include index to adjoining sheets.[Hydrographic charts of Turkey
Turkey-EU Relations: Processes and Prospects
No full textThe top-down reforms made during the early Republican period (1923-38) aimed to differentiate the new Turkey from the old Ottoman past and to create a secular modern European state. Turkey’s membership bid to the European Union constituted a controversial debate about European identity, the territorial borders and the extent of the enlargement process. In Turkey too, the accession process is controversial: while mainstream politics defend membership, Euro-skepticism is high amongst the pro-Islamist right and far left parties. Former Prime Minister and leader of the pro-Islamist Welfare Party (Refah Partisi, RP) went so far as to say that if Turkey joined the EU, it would turn into a “province of Israel”.1 The debate about the EU accession is as much about external orientation as internal politics. Joining the EU implies embracing the Western culture, which for the more orthodox pro-Islamists is equivalent to moral decay; and the longer Turkey is denied full EU membership, the more Europe is seen as a Christian Club. It has become a vicious cycle and the conflict continues between seculars and pro-Islamists for domestic power to determine Turkey’s alignment in the world
Kinstate intervention in ethnic conflicts : Albania and Turkey compared
No full textAlbania and Turkey did not act in overtly irredentist ways towards their ethnic brethren in neighboring states after the end of communism. Why, nonetheless, did Albania facilitate the increase of ethnic conflict in Kosovo and Macedonia, while Turkey did not, with respect to the Turks of Bulgaria? I argue that kin-states undergoing transition are more prone to intervene in external conflicts than states that are not, regardless of the salience of minority demands in the host-state. The transition weakens the institutions of the kin-state. Experiencing limited institutional constraints, self-seeking state officials create alliances with secessionist and autonomist movements across borders alongside their own ideological, clan-based and particularistic interests. Such alliances are often utilized to advance radical domestic agendas. Unlike in Albania's transition environment, in Turkey there were no emerging elites that could potentially form alliances and use external movements to legitimize their own domestic existence or claims
Public policy and private investment in Turkey
No full textDeveloping countries trying to emerge from recessionary spirals must recognize the importance of public/private interactions in designing growth oriented adjustment programs. They must appreciate the complex impact of fiscal policy on the economy. Turkey is an interesting country for studying how public policy can stimulate private investment. The reason, is that unlike other high debt countries, Turkey has managed to increase the rate of investment in recent years despite external constraints and high real interest rates. Turkey's strategy nevertheless has limits. The surges in public investment in 1986 and 1987 have since hurt macro stability. Private investment has tilted toward such non-tradables as housing - partly as a result of special credit schemes directed at mass housing and partly because housing investment is an attractive investment against inflation. Unless corrected, this shift could hurt future export prospects.Financial Intermediation,Trade and Regional Integration,International Terrorism&Counterterrorism,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies
On the Wind Energy in Turkey
No full textIncrease in negative effects of fossil fuels on the environment has forced many countries, including Turkey, to use renewable energy sources. Today, clean, domestic and renewable energy is commonly accepted as the key for future life, not only for Turkey but also for the world. As wind energy is an alternative clean energy source compared to the fossil fuels that pollute the atmosphere, systems that convert wind energy to electricity have developed rapidly. Turkey is an energy importing country, more than half of the energy requirement has been supplied by imports. Turkey's domestic fossil fuel resources are extremely limited. In addition, Turkey's geographical location has several advantages for extensive use of wind power. In this context, renewable energy resources appear to be one of the most efficient and effective solutions for sustainable energy development and environmental pollution prevention in Turkey. Since wind energy will be used more and more in the future, its current potential, usage, and assessment in Turkey is the focus of the present study. The paper not only presents a review of the potential and utilization of the wind power in Turkey but also provides some guidelines for policy makers.Wind power; Renewable energy; Turkey
Turkish Delight for Some, Cold Turkey for Others?: The Effects of the EU-Turkey Customs Union
No full textFollowing Turkey’s application for EU membership in 1987, a Customs Union (CU) between Turkey and the EU, mainly covering trade in manufacturing goods and processed agricultural products, came into effect in 1995. In addition to a large agricultural sector, Turkey also specializes in the production and exportation of relatively low-price, low-quality varieties of manufactured products. We use a theoretical framework in order to demonstrate that these features of the Turkish economy imply asymmetric changes in the trade volumes of the incumbent countries of the EU as a result of the EU-Turkey CU. By examining disaggregated trade data we find that the technologically sophisticated EU countries (e.g., mainly the Northern European countries) are also least similar to Turkey in terms of their export structure, whereas the degree of export similarity between the less technologically sophisticated EU members and Turkey is high. Our econometric results indicate that, in contrast to the “Northern” group’s exports to other EU15 countries (which have remained intact), the Southern countries’s exports to the other EU15 countries have declined as a result of the EU-Turkey CU. Moreover, the extra penetration of the Turkish market by EU countries has not been more favourable to the Southern group. These findings also imply that technologically sophisticated countries may see no significant further benefits from Turkey’s full accession to the EU (whereas the migration and political influence related costs for these countries may be large).European Union, Turkey, customs union, exports, gravity, differentiated products
EU Integration of Turkey: Implications for Turkish Agriculture
No full textTurkey’s membership to the EU will involve full liberalization of agricultural trade with the EU. The effects of liberalization are bound to depend on the path of agricultural policies in Turkey and in the EU during the accession negotiations. In order to evaluate the possible impacts of a variety of policy alternatives and scenarios, an economic modelling approach based on non-linear mathematical programming is appropriate. In this framework, the major purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of Turkish integration to the EU on agriculture using an agricultural sector model for Turkey. The basic approach undertaken supplements the past efforts by incorporating Maximum Entropy to the positive mathematical programming, together with updated base period and including recent policy changes. Following the integration with EU, the net exports in agro-food products decline mainly due to the expansion of trade in livestock products. Overall welfare effects of including agrofood products in the customs union and membership are small. Consumers benefit from declining prices. CAP supports are determinative for producers’ welfare. The results of the simulations provide also updated estimates about the possible size of CAP expenditures for Turkish agriculture.Turkish Agricultural Sector Model (TAGRIS), Maximum Entropy Based Positive Mathematical Programming, Turkey’s Membership of EU, International Relations/Trade,
Map No. 4 from "Doğu Anadolu coğrafyası : tabiı̂, ziraı̂, beserı, baytarı̂"
No full textMap showing Lake Van (Van Golu) in Van District, Turkey, in the far eastern part of the country. From the section on "Rivers and Lakes."
From the accompanying text, page 77.
"Butun memleketimizde en buyuk gol Van goludur. Yerli ahali bu gole Van denizi derler. Filvaki bakilinca gol deniz manzarasi verir.
Gol asagiki 4 No. lu muntazam haritada gosterilmistir.
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