55,979 research outputs found
First, Scale Up to the Robotic Turing Test, Then Worry About Feeling
No full textConsciousness is feeling, and the problem of consciousness is the problem of explaining how and why some of the functions underlying some of our performance capacities are felt rather than just “functed.” But unless we are prepared to assign to feeling a telekinetic power (which all evidence contradicts), feeling cannot be assigned any causal power at all. We cannot explain how or why we feel. Hence the empirical target of cognitive science can only be to scale up to the robotic Turing Test, which is to explain all of our performance capacity, but without explaining consciousness or incorporating it in any way in our functional explanation
Jan 4, 1799
No full textOne letter, three pages.One letter to James Dinwiddie from John Turing dated Jan 4, 1799
Gödel, Turing, and K-Graph Machines
No full textWilfried Sieg and John Byrnes. Gödel, Turing, and K-Graph Machines
Alan Turing y los orígenes de la eliminación gaussiana moderna
No full textThe proceeding at: The International Symposium "The Alan Turing Legacy" held in Madrid (Spain) in October 23-24, 2012. This symposium was organized and funded by the Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales of Spain and Fundación Ramón Areces.The solution of a system of linear equations is by far the most important problem in Applied Mathematics. It is important both in itself and because it is an intermediate step in many other important problems. Gaussian elimination is nowadays the standard method for solving this problem numerically on a computer and it was the first numerical algorithm to be subjected to rounding error analysis. In 1948, Alan Turing published a remarkable paper on this topic: "Rounding-off errors in matrix processes" (Quart. J. Mech. Appl. Math. 1, pp. 287-308). In this paper, Turing formulated Gaussian elimination as the matrix LU factorization and introduced the "condition number of a matrix", both of them fundamental notions of modern Numerical Analysis. In addition, Turing presented an error analysis of Gaussian elimination for general matrices that deeply influenced the spirit of the definitive analysis developed by James Wilkinson in 1961. Alan Turing's work on Gaussian elimination appears in a fascinating period for modern Numerical Analysis. Other giants of Mathematics, as John von Neumann, Herman Goldstine, and Harold Hotelling were also working in the mid-1940s on Gaussian elimination. The goal of these researchers was to find an efficient and reliable method for solving systems of linear equations in modern "automatic computers". At that time, it was not clear at all whether Gaussian elimination was a right choice or not. The purpose of this paper is to revise, at an introductory level, the contributions of Alan Turing and other authors to the error analysis of Gaussian elimination, the historical context of these contributions, and their influence on modern Numerical Analysis.La resolución de sistemas de ecuaciones lineales es sin duda el problema más importante en Matemática Aplicada. Es importante en sí mismo y también porque es un paso intermedio en la resolución de muchos otros problemas de gran relevancia. La eliminación Gaussiana es hoy en día el método estándar para resolver este problema en un ordenador y, además, fue el primer algoritmo numérico para el que se realizó un análisis de errores de redondeo. En 1948, Alan Turing publicó un artículo de gran relevancia sobre este tema: “Rounding-off errors in matrix processes” (Quart. J. Mech. Appl. Math. 1, pp. 287-308). En este artículo, Turing formuló la eliminación Gaussiana en términos de la factorización LU de una matriz e introdujo la noción de número de condición de una matriz, que son dos de las nociones más fundamentales del Análisis Numérico moderno. Además, Turing presentó un análisis de errores de la eliminación Gaussiana para matrices generales que influyó profundamente en el espíritu del análisis de errores definitivo desarrollado por Wilkinson en 1961. El trabajo de Alan Turing sobre la eliminación Gaussiana aparece en un periodo fascinante del Análisis Numérico moderno. Otros gigantes de las matemáticas como John von Neumann, Herman Goldstine y Harold Hotelling también realizaron investigaciones sobre la eliminación Gaussiana en la década de 1940-50. El objetivo de estos investigadores era encontrar un método eficiente y fiable para resolver sistemas de ecuaciones lineales en los ordenadores modernos que estaban desarrollándose por entonces. En aquella época, no estaba claro en absoluto si utilizar la eliminación Gaussiana era una elección adecuada o no. El propósito de este artículo es revisar, a nivel básico, las contribuciones realizadas por Alan Turing y otros investigadores al análisis de errores de la eliminación Gaussiana, el contexto histórico de esas contribuciones y su influencia en el Análisis Numérico moderno.This work was partially supported by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain through grant MTM-2009-09281.Publicad
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Offloading Cognition onto Cognitive Technology
No full text"Cognizing" (e.g., thinking, understanding, and knowing) is a mental state. Systems without mental states, such as cognitive technology, can sometimes contribute to human cognition, but that does not make them cognizers. Cognizers can offload some of their cognitive functions onto cognitive technology, thereby extending their performance capacity beyond the limits of their own brain power. Language itself is a form of cognitive technology that allows cognizers to offload some of their cognitive functions onto the brains of other cognizers. Language also extends cognizers' individual and joint performance powers, distributing the load through interactive and collaborative cognition. Reading, writing, print, telecommunications and computing further extend cognizers' capacities. And now the web, with its network of cognizers, digital databases and software agents, all accessible anytime, anywhere, has become our “Cognitive Commons,” in which distributed cognizers and cognitive technology can interoperate globally with a speed, scope and degree of interactivity inconceivable through local individual cognition alone. And as with language, the cognitive tool par excellence, such technological changes are not merely instrumental and quantitative: they can have profound effects on how we think and encode information, on how we communicate with one another, on our mental states, and on our very nature
The road from London to Chichester in com, Suffex : containing 63 mile 2 furlongs vizt. : from ye standard in Cornhill London to Guilford in com Surry ...
No full textRelief shown pictorially.; Road strip map in six sections, with numbered distances along road.; Orientation of north shown in each section..; Derived from John Ogilby's Britannia.; 39 in lower right corner.; Decorative cartouche around title statement
Citizen piece by Portland author John Preston on censorship.
No full textCitizen piece by Portland author John Preston on censorship
Feature article on AIDS by Portland author John Preston.
No full textFeature article on AIDS by Portland author John Preston
Polynesia [cartographic material] /
No full textMap of Polynesia, with eastern Australia as Terra Australis, showing the Pacific islands, population, religions, number of missionaries and native assistants.; Imprint on map: London: Published by John Snow, 35 Paternsoter Row.; Prime meridian: Greenwich.; Plate from: A narrative of missionary enterprises in the South Sea Islands / John Williams. London : Published for the author, by J. Snow, 1837.; Also available in an electronic version via the internet at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.map-rm3970
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