1,721,011 research outputs found
NF-kappaB/Rel-mediated regulation of apoptosis in human primary monocytes.
No full textCell death by apoptosis is largely responsible for control of tissue homeostastis, differentiative and immune processes. Among apoptosis regulators are NF-κB/Rel transcription factors. Indeed, overexpression of p65- or c-Rel- containing dimers can impair apoptosis, while inhibition of NF-κ8/Rel activity can enhance death induced by TNF-a, ionizing radiations or chemotherapeutic agents, in several cell types. A number of NF-κB/Rel - regulated genes, that influence cell apoptosis, have been identified; however, a body of evidence indicate that other genes remain to be recognized. Such NF-κB/Rel regulated novel genes are expected to represent innovative tools for both the understanding, monitoring and specific modulation of apoptosis in physiologic and pathologic settings. Our group has been involved in studying NF-κB/Rel activity and apoptosis modulation in normal and pathological cell types, identifying a regulatory role of NF-κB/Rel factors in B-CLL and AML cell apoptotic response to, respectively, fludarabine and cytosine arabinoside, and in human primary CD34+ haematopoietic progenitor cell survival and response to cytoprotectants. Here we comment results from our laboratory concerning NF-κB/Rel anti- apoptotic activity in human primary monocyte
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
T-cell malignancies with mature phenotypes: altered cell cycle regulation by HLA class I molecules.
No full textWT1 protein is a transcriptional activator of the antiapoptotic bag3 gene.
No full textWT1 gene is described to play an oncogenic role in a variety of tumours from different origins, including leukemias. In comparison to normal progenitor cells, it is overexpressed in acute lymphoblastic and myeloblastic leukemia, and in the blast crisis phase of chronic myelogenous leukaemia. Modulation of some members of the bcl-2 family has been associated with apoptosis inhibition by WT1. Among proteins that regulate apoptosis in leukemia cells, a role is assigned to BAG3, a member of the BAG family of co-chaperones. In this study we demonstrated that WT1 protein induces bag3 gene expression and that WT1- mediated increase in BAG3 protein levels contributes to the pro-survival role of WT1 in leukemic cells. The identification of bag3 as a target gene of WT1 improves our understanding of apoptosis regulation by this factor
Plasmacytoids dendritic cells are a therapeutic target in anticancer immunity.
No full textDendritic cells (DCs) are immunological sentinels of the organism acting as antigen-presenting cells (APC) and are critical for induction of innate and adaptive immunity. Traditionally they are divided in myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), a rare population of circulating cells that selectively express Toll-like receptors (TLR) 7 and TLR9 and have the capacity to produce large amounts of type I interferons (IFNs) in response to pathogenic agents or danger signals. It has been demonstrated that pDCs can coordinate events during the course of viral infections, allergic and autoimmune diseases and cancer. Through the production of type I IFNs, pDCs initiate protective immunity by activating classical DCs, T cells, natural killer cells and B cells. Upon activation, pDCs also differentiate into mature DCs and may contribute to the contraction of T-cell response. Human pDCs preferentially express immunoglobulin-like transcript 7 (ILT7; LILRA4), which couples with a signaling adapter to activate a prominent immune-receptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-mediated signaling pathway. The interaction between ILT7 and bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (BST2, CD317) assures an appropriate TLR response by pDCs during viral infections and likely participates in pDCs tumor crosstalk. Moreover these cells seem to play a crucial role in the initiation of the pathological process of autoimmune diseases such as lupus or psoriasis. Despite the fact that their function within a tumor context is still controversial they represent an attractive target for therapeutic manipulation of the immune system to elicit a powerful immune response against tumor antigens in combination with other therapies
T-cell malignancies with mature phenotypes: altered cell cycle regulation by HLA class I molecules.
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