1,721,020 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Effect of enteroglial-derived S100B protein on human peripheral and mucosal immune cells’ functions
No full textBackground and Aim: Emerging evidence suggests that glial cells in the gut participate to
the local immune response triggered by a variety of insults. In humans, during gut inflammation,
over-expression of glial-derived S100B protein amplifies nitric oxide mucosal production
via receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) interaction. Whether S100B is
directly affecting the responses of peripheral and mucosal immune cells is still unknown.
We aimed to investigate the ability of S100B protein in mediating human immune cells'
proliferation and responses. Material and Methods: Mucosal immune cells (MIC) were isolated
from rectal mucosal biopsies of 15 control subjects (mean age 53; 6 male and 9 female)
with Medimachine system and then characterized by Flow cytometry technique. In the same
subjects, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated. Both MIC and PBMC
were stimulated with exogenous S100B protein (0.05-5μM), in the presence of anti-RAGE
neutralizing antibody (1:10000-1:1000, dil v/v), to evaluate cell proliferation (by methylthiazolydiphenyl-
tetrazolium bromide conversion assay, after 72h) and responses [by measuring
nitrite level, inducibile nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-
α) expression, each after 24h]. Results: In PBMC, S100B exposure induced a significant and
concentration-dependent cell proliferation (S100B 5μM: +73% vs basal; p<0.05). This finding
was associated with a significant increase of nitrite level, iNOS and TNF-α expression (S100B
5μM: +538%; +507%; +426% vs basal, respectively; all p<0.01), which were totally abolished
by pre-incubation with anti-RAGE antibody (1:1000: -45%, -35% and -22% vs stimulated,
respectively; all p<0.01). In MIC, similarly to PBMC, S100B induced a significant and
concentration-dependent cell proliferation (S100B 5μM: +132% vs basal; p<0.01), but,
differently, it failed to stimulate nitric oxide production, iNOS and TNF-α expression (1.9
vs 1.8; 0.09 vs 0.1; 0.40 vs 0.35, respectively; all p not significant). Conclusions: We show,
for the first time, that glial-derived S100B protein modulates the functions of both peripheral
and mucosal immune cells. The lack of responses in MIC is probably due to their localization
(in close proximity with glial cells and thus continually ‘bathed' with physiological amounts
of S100B) and their different subset, compared to PBMC
Effect of enteroglial-derived S100B protein on proliferation and responses in human peripheral and mucosal immune cells
No full textBackground and aim: Emerging evidence suggests that glial cells in the gut
participate to the local immune response triggered by a variety of insults.
In humans, during gut inflammation, over-expression of glial-derived S100B
protein amplifies nitric oxide mucosal production via receptor for advanced
glycation endproducts (RAGE) interaction. Whether S100B is directly affecting
the responses of peripheral and mucosal immune cells is still unknown.
We aimed to investigate the ability of S100B protein in mediating human
immune cells’ proliferation and responses.
Material and methods: Mucosal immune cells (MIC) were isolated from
rectal mucosal biopsies of 15 control subjects (mean age 53; 6 male and
9 female) with Medimachine system and then characterized by Flow cytometry
technique. In the same subjects, peripheral blood mononuclear
cells (PBMC) were isolated. Both MIC and PBMC were stimulated with
exogenous S100B protein (0.05-5μM), in the presence of anti-RAGE neutralizing
antibody (1:10000-1:1000, dil v/v), to evaluate cell proliferation (by
methylthiazolydiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide conversion assay, after 72h) and
responses [by measuring nitrite level, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)
and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression, each after 24h].
Results: In PBMC, S100B exposure induced a significant and concentrationdependent
cell proliferation (S100B 5μM: +73% vs basal; p<0.05). This
finding was associated with a significant increase of nitrite level, iNOS and
TNF-α expression (S100B 5μM: +538%; +507%; +426% vs basal, respectively;
all p<0.01), which were totally abolished by pre-incubation with
anti-RAGE antibody (1:1000: -45%, -35% and -22% vs stimulated, respectively;
all p<0.01). In MIC, similarly to PBMC, S100B induced a significant
and concentration-dependent cell proliferation (S100B 5μM: +132% vs basal;
p<0.01), but, differently, it failed to stimulate nitric oxide production, iNOS
and TNF-α expression (1.9 vs 1.8; 0.09 vs 0.1; 0.40 vs 0.35, respectively; all
p not significant).
Conclusions: We show, for the first time, that glial-derived S100B protein
modulates the functions of both peripheral and mucosal immune cells. The
lack of responses in MIC is probably due to their different subset, compared
to blood monocytes, together with their localization (in close proximity with
glial cells and continually subjected to intensive S100B exposure)
HUMAN DERIVED ENTEROGLIAL CELLS TOLL-LIKERECEPTORS MRNA EXPRESSION AND MODULATION BYPATHOGENS AND PROBIOTIC BACTERIA
No full text- …
