717 research outputs found
The puzzle of non-participation in continuing training : an empirical study of chronic vs. temporary non-participation
Full text link"Although participation in continuing vocational training is often found to be associated with considerable individual benefits, a puzzlingly large number of people still do not take part in training. In order to solve the puzzle we distinguish between temporary and chronic non-participants. Previous studies have shown that training participants and non-participants differ in unobservable characteristics and therefore self-select into training or not. We show that even non-participants cannot be treated as a homogeneous group: there are those who never take part in training (chronic non-participants) and those who are not currently taking part (temporary (non-)participants). Using a unique data set of non-participants commissioned by the German 'Expert Commission on Financing Lifelong Learning' and covering a very large number of individuals not taking part in training, we separate and compare chronic and temporary non-participants. By estimating a sample selection model using maximum likelihood estimation we take potential selection effects into account: temporary (non-)participants may be more motivated or may have different inherent skills than chronic nonparticipants. We find that chronic non-participants would have higher costs than temporary (non-)participants and their short-term benefits associated with their current jobs would be lower. However, in the long run even chronic non-participants would benefit similarly from participation due to improved prospects on the labor market. The results indicate that chronic non-participants either misperceive future developments or suffer from an exceptionally high discount rate, which in turn leads in their view to a negative cost-benefit ratio for training." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) Additional Information Kurzfassung (deutsch) Executive summary (English)Weiterbildung, Teilnehmer, Bildungsbeteiligung, Bildungsinvestitionen, Bildungsertrag, Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse, Bildungsökonomie
A comparative study of form and theology in the works of Flannery O'Connor and Simone Weil
Full text linkIn this comparative study of the form and theology of Flannery O'Connor and Simone Weil I interrogate how Weil's philosophical writings and her theology illuminate O'Connor's use of both narrative and non-fictional forms, and her Catholicism. The Introduction analyses how Weil's concept of superposed reading provides a new method of approaching both O'Connor, her writings, and O'Connor
studies, and focuses on how such apparently different women interconnect. Chapter One explores how both Weil and O'Connor attempt to write their theologies on the
souls of their readers yet are each subject to constraints imposed by form. Weil's concept of locating equilibrium between incommensurates is discussed, and her
distinctively philosophical approach to fictions and fictionality is used to investigate O'Connor's notion of prophetic fictions and the writer's role. Chapter Two assesses how both writers revivify Christian paradoxes. Weil's monstrous concept of affiiction, and O'Connor's use of the grotesque genre to jolt secular man into an
awareness of the sacred are scrutinised. Chapter Three studies how both writers consider an encounter between God and man is possible through the action of grace. My Conclusion interrogates how Weil's work can deepen our understanding of O'Connor's writings, and examines how successful O'Connor is at realising a truly
Christian literature. I conclude that despite being a writer of powerful fictions, O'Connor can not be totally successful in her mission as writer-prophet because
ultimately fiction escapes orthodoxy
A novel design for an RF MEMS resistive switch on PCB substrate
No full textCopyright @ 2008 Stimulation Action on MEM
Réflexions d'un témoin
No full textReflections of Witness.
A survivor of the Auschwitz and Bergen-Belsen camps; the author records the convergence of memories by camp survivors, stresses the opacity of program of extermination that reduced the abilities of the victimes to defend themselves, and call attention to some dangers which still threaten.Veil Simone. Réflexions d'un témoin. In: Annales. Economies, sociétés, civilisations. 48ᵉ année, N. 3, 1993. pp. 691-701
Beyond traditional cost-benefit analyses of vocational education and training : workers' and firms' perspectives
Full text linkHuman capital is the key competitive factor in the developed world. Similar to other types of investments, the decision to invest in human capital is the result of comparing costs and benefits. The traditional cost-benefit analyses, however, do not explain several widespread phenomena, such as a puzzling large number of workers departing from their initially chosen educational paths or even refraining from training at all as well as the existence of firms that provide training although for them this investment does not (directly) pay. Going beyond traditional cost-benefit analyses of vocational education and further training our findings demonstrate that the mentioned puzzles can be solved by the innovations we provide: first of all, we show that it is important to take into account that each educational or further training step is part of a complete educational and training strategy and should, thus, not be analyzed in isolation. Indeed, we find that combinations of different types of human capital varying in their degree of work and labor market relations are at least as competitive as straight educational paths. Second, although wage increases for workers and productivity increases for firms are certainly important benefits, it is a serious shortcoming for the analysis of training decisions if other types of benefits are neglected. In particular, long-term benefits in terms of better prospects on the labor market for workers and indirect benefits in terms of increased overall recruitment success for firms turn out to be decisive. Third, concentrating on monetary costs only is a serious shortcoming as well. In addition to monetary cost components there are also substantial non-monetary costs, especially in terms of time, attached to training participation, and these costs are at least as decisive. Notably, time restrictions seem to be an even more serious hurdle for training participation than liquidity constraints. Fourth, although cost and benefit measures are most important for training decisions, there are other factors that have been widely neglected so far, i.e., risk preferences, information asymmetries and time preferences. We show that these should also be considered as crucial factors in educational and training decisions.
Humankapital gilt heute in der industrialisierten Welt als der zentrale Wettbewerbsfaktor. Die Entscheidung, in Humankapital zu investieren, ist - wie die Entscheidung, andere Arten von Investitionen zu tätigen - das Ergebnis eines Kosten-Nutzen-Vergleichs. Allerdings können traditionelle Kosten-Nutzen-Analysen zahlreiche weit verbreitete Phänomene nicht erklären. So beobachten wir eine bedeutende Anzahl an Arbeitnehmern, die von ihrem ursprünglich eingeschlagenen Ausbildungspfad abweichen, Personen, die ganz generell Bildungsmassnahmen fernbleiben, und Firmen, die Bildungsmassnahmen anbieten, obwohl sich diese für sie nicht (direkt) auszuzahlen scheinen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit schlagen wir deshalb innovative Erweiterungen des traditionellen Kosten-Nutzen-Modells vor, die mit den genannten Beobachtungen vereinbar sind: Erstens muss berücksichtigt werden, dass jeder Aus- und Weiterbildungsschritt Teil einer kompletten Bildungsstrategie ist und deshalb nicht isoliert betrachtet werden darf. Tatsächlich finden wir, dass Bildungspfade, welche verschiedene, sich hinsichtlich Berufs- und Arbeitsmarktbezug unterscheidende Bildungstypen umfassen, mindestens genauso wettbewerbsfähig sind wie geradlinige Bildungspfade. Zweitens zeigen wir, dass eine Gehaltserhöhung für Arbeitnehmer und ein Produktivitätszuwachs für Firmen zwar wichtige Nutzenkomponenten darstellen, dass aber eine Analyse, die andere Ertragsarten vernachlässigt, deutlich zu kurz greift. Insbesondere scheinen für Arbeitnehmer langfristige Erträge aufgrund verbesserter Arbeitsmarktchancen und für Unternehmen ein indirekter Nutzen in Form eines erhöhten Rekrutierungserfolgs zentral. Drittens weisen wir darauf hin, dass auch eine ausschliessliche Berücksichtigung monetärer Kosten unzulänglich ist. So ist eine Investition in Bildung ebenfalls mit nicht- monetären Kosten verbunden, wobei speziell die für den Besuch der Bildungsmassnahme aufgebrachte Zeit gemeint ist. Bemerkenswert ist denn auch der Befund, dass Zeitrestriktionen eine bedeutend höhere Hürde für (Weiter-)Bildungsmassnahmen darstellen als Liquiditätsbeschränkungen. Viertens belegen wir, dass neben den genannten Kosten- und Nutzenaspekten weitere Faktoren wie Risikopräferenzen, Informationsasymmetrien und Zeitpräferenzen entscheidende Determinanten für Aus- und Weiterbildungsentscheidungen sind
European fruit lecanium (Parthenolecanium corni) occurrence in hybrid hazelnut plantings in Minnesota and associated parasitoid fauna from 2022
No full textThe datafile conserved here is an Excel file consisting of 5 sheets: 1) metadata, 2) data collected from two field sampling dates at the hybrid hazel plantings, 3) final collected data after rearing scale insect samples for parasitoid wasps, 4) the data organized for optimization in R software for analysis, and 5) measurements of the length of fruiting bodies (i.e., stromata) of Ophiocordyceps clavulata on collected scale insects for identification purposes.
Little to no curation was performed on this dataset. DRUM can not verify the completeness or quality of the documentation, nor the FAIRness of the included files. Please contact the author with any questions.These data were collected in the summer of 2022 as an independent undergraduate research project at the University of Minnesota by Simone Traband (undergraduate student, class of '24) under the mentorship of Hailey Shanovich (graduate student, class of '23). The goals of the project were to collect preliminary data on 1) the abundance of a soft scale insect pest, European fruit lecanium (Parthenolecanium corni), on hybrid hazelnut plants (Corylus americana x Corylus avellana) in experimental plantings at the University of Minnesota research stations, and 2) the prevalence of biological control by Hymenopteran parasitoid wasps and an endoparasitic fungi (Ophiocordyceps clavulata). These data accompany the paper "Synopsis of biological control for European fruit lecanium (Parthenolecanium corni) by parasitoids in North America and preliminary findings in hybrid hazelnut orchards" by Traband et al. 2023 in the Great Lakes Entomologist.
The preliminary field experiment was conducted at two experimental hybrid hazel plantings in Rosemount, Minnesota. Full details of study sites and other methodology can be found in the paper by Traband et al. 2023. On 11 July 2022 seven infested hazel plants were chosen to sample for scale insects from one hybrid hazelnut planting (n=7), and then on 22 July 2022 from two hybrid hazelnuts plantings (n = 4, n = 3) for a total of 14 plants. On each date, sampling of each plant was done for 15 person-minutes (i.e., three observers searching each plant for scales for five minutes), during which branches observed to contain one or more scale insects, no matter the status (i.e., showed signs of parasitism or not), were collected via hand pruners. Collected branches were immediately brought back to the lab and thoroughly examined to determine the number and status of every scale insect broken into three categories: showing signs of parasitism by fungus (i.e., fungal stromata protruding from scale insect), showing signs of parasitism by Hymenopteran parasitoids (i.e., containing a parasitoid exit hole in shell), or showing no signs of parasitism (i.e., showing no signs of parasitism). Branches containing scales showing no signs of parasitism were preserved for a duration of three weeks for purposes of parasitoid rearing and inspected every other day and any emerged parasitoids were collected and frozen until they could be identified. On 8 August 2022, all scale insects contained in jars were inspected for parasitoid exit holes, dissected to check for parasitoid larvae, pupae, or adults, and then discarded. All collected Hymenopteran parasitoid wasps were identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible.Traband, Simone G; Aukema, Brian H; Luhman, John C; Shanovich, Hailey N. (2023). European fruit lecanium (Parthenolecanium corni) occurrence in hybrid hazelnut plantings in Minnesota and associated parasitoid fauna from 2022. Retrieved from the Data Repository for the University of Minnesota (DRUM), https://hdl.handle.net/11299/255564
Sul diritto del contribuente al silenzio e a non cooperare alla propria incolpazione. Dal giusto processo al giusto procedimento tributario?
No full textL’Autore, muovendo dalla recente sentenza della Corte costituzionale n. 84 del 2021, riconosce la rilevanza del diritto al silenzio anche in ambito tributario. Da ciò discende il diritto del contribuente a non cooperare alla propria incolpazione fin dall’istruttoria amministrativa.The Author, moving form the Costitutional Court case's n. 84/2021, recognizes the right to remain in silence also in the tax field. From this derives the taxpayer's right to not cooperate in his own indictment even from te administrative investigatio
Commento all’art. 2 della legge 30 novembre 2017, n. 179 - Disposizioni per la tutela degli autori di segnalazioni di reati o irregolarità di cui siano venuti a conoscenza nell’ambito di un rapporto di lavoro pubblico o privato
No full textL'autore commenta l'art. 2, l. n. 179/2017, che novella l'art. 6, d.lgs. n. 231/2001 introducendo per la prima volta una normativa di tutela del segnalatore nel settore privato.The author comments on Sect. 2, Act n. 179/2017, which amends Sect. 6, legislative decree n. 231/2001 by introducing for the first time a regulation to protect whistleblowers in the private sector
Considerazioni sulla giurisdizione extraterritoriale ai sensi dei trattati sui diritti umani
No full textThis article deals with the extraterritorial scope of human rights treaties. It examines three types of extraterritorial jurisdiction: one based on space, another on the persons involved, and the last one on extraterritorial effects of State conduct. Particular attention is paid to the third aspect, that of persons suffering detrimental effects of acts or omissions by a State in situations not involving any extraterritorial State action. This case has been the object of only limited attention so far. The author argues that, lacking spatial control and subjection to the State’s coercive
power, a prerequisite for extraterritorial jurisdiction is the status of victim, which in turns requires a causal link between State conduct and its extraterritorial effects. The article considers some unresolved questions and discusses new areas of extraterritorial jurisdiction, including those emerging from Opinion n. 23/17 of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, which recognizes the extraterritorial scope of human rights
obligations related to environmental protection
APPALTO DI SERVIZI, CERTIFICAZIONE DEL CONTRATTO E RIQUALIFICAZIONE DEL FATTO ECONOMICO A RILEVANZA TRIBUTARIA
No full textL’Autore esamina la pronuncia della Corte di cassazione, Sezione tributaria, 29 luglio 2024, n. 21090, secondo cui il giudice tributario, nell’accertamento del fatto imponibile, non è vincolato dalla certificazione del contratto di lavoro eventualmente conseguita. Da quanto sopra consegue che, nell’attuazione della norma tributaria, tanto l’amministrazione finanziaria quanto il giudice debbono accertare il fatto economico a rilevanza tributaria, indipendentemente dalle sorti del contratto di lavro.The Author examines the ruling of the Italian Supreme Court, Tax Section, 29 July 2024, n. 21090, according to which the tax judge, in ascertaining the taxable event, is not bound by the certification of employment contract. From the above it follows that, in the implementation of the tax provision, both the financial administration and the judge must ascertain the economic event with tax relevance, regardless of the fate of the employment contract
- …
