1,721,037 research outputs found
Impact of different syringe pumps on red cells during paediatric simulated transfusion
Full text linkBackground: Critically ill patients frequently need blood transfusions. For safety, blood must be delivered via syringe infusion pumps, yet this can cause red cell damage and increase the rate of haemolysis. Aims and objectives: To evaluate biochemical and haemolytic markers of red blood cells transfused in three different, common type of syringe infusion pumps with two different infusion rates (10 and 100 ml/h).Methods: A lab-based study using aliquots of 16 red blood cells bags was undertaken. Haemolysis markers (total haemoglobin(g/dl), haematocrit(%), free haemoglobin(g/dl), potassium(mmol/L), lactate dehydrogenase(U/L), osmolality(mOsm/kg), pH, degree of haemolysis(%)) were measured before and after red blood cells infusion and exposure. Three different syringe infusion pumps brands (A, B and C) were compared with two different infusion rates (10 and 100 ml/h). Results: The total haemoglobin fell significantly in all red blood cells units during manipulation (Pre-infusion: 26.44±5.74; Post-exposure: 22.62±4.00; p=0.026). The degree of haemolysis significantly increased by 40% after manipulation of the red blood cells. Syringe infusion pump A caused a threefold increase in potassium levels (3.78±6.10) when compared to B (-0.14±1.46) and C (1.63± 1.98) (p=0.015). This pump also produced the worst changes, with an increase in free haemoglobin (0.05±0.05; p=0.038) and more haemolysis (0.08±0.07; p=0.033). There were significant differences and an increase in the degree of haemolysis (p=0.004) in the infusion rate of 100 mL/h. Conclusions: Syringe infusion pumps may cause significant red blood cell damage during infusion, with increases in free haemoglobin, potassium and the degree of haemolysis. Some pumps types, with a cassette mechanism, caused more damage.Relevance to clinical practice: In many ICUs, bedside nurses are able to consider infusion pump choice and understanding the impact of different pump types on RBC during a transfusion provides the nurses with more information to enhance decision-making and improve the quality of the transfusion
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Is bolus or continuous enteral feeding better in critically ill children: an evidence-based review
Full text linkInadequate nutrition can lead to increased morbidity and mortality for mechanically ventilated children in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Enteral feeding can either be delivered by gravity bolus (intermittent) feeding or continuously via a pump and in UK PICUs variable practice exists. This evidence-based review therefore aimed to examine the evidence surrounding the two feeding methods for ventilated children, to determine whether one provides better enteral nutrition. Four papers were included, three randomized controlled trials and a systematic review, which provide conflicting evidence. There is some suggestion that bolus feeding may be superior in medical children on PICU to achieve their energy and protein goals faster, however, the clinical significance of the results is questionable and further research is needed to identify whether one method of feeding can impact on patient outcomes
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Mindfulness-based interventions to reduce stress and burnout in nurses : an integrative review
Full text linkBackgroundWith work-related stress and current COVID-19 pandemic, nurses are at heightened risk of stress and burnout. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have been seen to decrease stress and burnout, yet research into the effectiveness for nursing staff is limited. This review adds to the growing body of literature surrounding mindfulness and to explore the benefit it may have for clinical professionals. AimTo review and critically appraise the evidence around the effectiveness of MBIs to help reduce stress and/or burnout in nurses working in acute hospital settings.MethodAn integrative review. Findings Eleven research papers were identified, all of which found a reduction in stress and burnout for nurses working in acute hospital settings. MBIs can be adapted to suit nursing schedules whilst maintaining efficacy, but uncertainties remain around the optimisation of the length and delivery of these for integration into the NHS. ConclusionsThis updated review found that MBIs may be an effective intervention to reduce stress and burnout in nurses working in acute settings. However, further research to establish and test a standardised MBI is required before it could be implemented into the National Health Service (NHS) settings
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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