1,720,955 research outputs found
A review of emergency obstetric care services and obstetric fistula in North Western Nigeria / Tukur Ismail
Get PDFConfinement is a life-changing, pleasant and joyful event and experience for many mothers. It is a period of difficulty and sadness for some women and her immediate families, particularly when it is accompanied by serious illness, debilitating injuries and death of the baby, mother or both. About half a million women die yearly from causes related to pregnancy and delivery. For each maternal death, approximately 10 to 15 other women sustain serious morbidity, including obstetric fistula (OF) which is closely associated to overall maternal morbidity and mortality. The most effective approach to reducing OF occurrence is to provide essential obstetric services at the community level with prompt access to emergency obstetric services at the first referral level. This study examined the availability of Emergency obstetric care (EmOC) services and factors that influenced the utilisation of the services and identified the potential risk factors of obstetric fistula among women in Nigeria. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used. A community survey involving 60 women and 40 men was conducted in five political wards in Gusau, Zamfara State, Nigeria. Data were collected from March to April 2013 using semi-structured validated questionnaires. For qualitative component, a focus group discussions (FGDs) and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) were employed. FGD sessions were conducted separately for eight married women and for four men. KIIs were conducted with four sampled traditional birth attendants and six health personnel (nurses) involved in emergency obstetric care services from three selected facilities. A case–control study with a sample of 200 (ratio of 1 case: 1 control) was conducted from August to September 2013 at three selected hospitals in North-Western Nigeria. Cases were patients diagnosed as having OF within the last 3years. Controls were randomly selected from patients (without OF) admitted to the maternity units of these hospitals. The odds ratio was used as a measure of association with their corresponding 95% confidence interval. Variables with p-value of <0.1 were included in
the logistic regression model to generate adjusted Odds Ratios. Generally, the participants in the study perceived that cost of EmOC services was too expensive. Various socio-cultural and economic factors, including husbands' permission, use of traditional birth attendants, privacy, poor attitude of health care providers and poverty, cumulatively affected utilisation of EmOC services. Having Formal educational (OR; 0.013, CI; 0.001-0.530), Having Husband permission (OR; 0.028, CI; 0.001-0.664). Duration of labour ≥ 24hr (OR; 2.659, CI; 1.138-7.512), Delay in the decision to seek facility care (OR; 2.770, CI; 1.760-3.950), and Affordability of facility care cost (OR; 7.432, CI; 3.925-13.682).are risk factors for obstetric fistula. Health Education programs reaching out to both women and men with traditionally palatable messages that will change their attitudes and practices to take responsibility in reproductive health and empowerment of women can be a promising strategy to reduce the occurrence of obstetrics fistula. The government should strengthen the capacity of health facilities rendering EmOC through the provision of equipment, free drugs and services
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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