1,720,966 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
It is like ‘judging a book by its cover’: An exploration of the lived experiences of Black African mental health nurses in England
Get PDF© 2021 The Author. Published by Wiley. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence.
The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.1111/nin.12436The aim of this paper was to explore the experiences of perceived prejudices faced in England by Black African mental health nurses. Purposive sampling was used to identify five nurses from sub-Saharan Africa. They were interviewed using face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). The findings were reported under two superordinate themes: Judging a book by its cover and opportunities. The findings showed that Black African nurses experience deep-rooted discrimination and marginalisation. Aside from that, because of their ethnicity and the fact that they speak English as a second language, they face discrimination and have difficulty achieving leadership roles. These findings provide key stakeholders, such as nursing trade unions and professional associations, as well as NHS employers, with the opportunity to act to counter hegemony in the NHS and recognise that discriminatory and racially related barriers hinder Black African nurses from reaching their full professional potential
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Modulatory Effects of Deacetylated Sialic Acids on Breast Cancer Resistance Protein-mediated Multidrug Resistance and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-targeted Therapy
Get PDFMultidrug resistance (MDR) remains a major challenge in cancer treatment, accounting for over 90% of chemotherapeutic failures. Cancers utilize sugar residues to engage in multidrug resistance. The underlying mechanism of action involving glycans, specifically the glycan sialic acid (Sia) and its various functional group alterations, has not been explored. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins, key proteins utilized by cancers to engage in MDR pathways, contain Sias in their extracellular domains. Modulating the expression of acetylated-Sias on Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP), a significant ABC transporter implicated in MDR, in lung and colon cancer cells directly impacted the ability of cancer cells to either retain or efflux chemotherapeutics. Acetylation was modulated by the removal of CAS1 Domain-containing protein (CASD1) and Sialate O-Acetyl esterase (SIAE) genes via CRISPR-Cas 9 gene editing. Using a variety of cell and molecular based approaches, we confirmed that deacetylated Sias regulated a MDR pathway in colon and lung cancer in early in vitro models. When deacetylated Sias were expressed on BCRP, colon and lung cancer were able to export high levels of BCRP to the cell’s surface, resulting in an increased BCRP efflux activity, reduced sensitivity to the anticancer drug Mitoxantrone, and high proliferation relative to control cells. These observations correlated with increased levels of cell survival proteins, BcL-2 and PARP1. Further studies also implicated the lysosomal pathway for the observed variation in BCRP levels among the cell variants. RNAseq data analysis of clinical samples revealed higher CASD1 expression as a favorable marker of survival in lung adenocarcinoma. Using same in vitro models, we further explored the role deacetylated Sia plays in the EGFR targeted therapy. Specifically, we investigated how deacetylated Sia modulated the activity of three characterized novel Cucurbitacin-Inspired Estrone analogs (CIEAs: MMA 294, MMA 321, and MMA 320) with potent anti-proliferative and dual inhibitory activities, targeting the EGFR and MAPK pathways. Compared to control cells, the CIEAs elicited a ˜2 to 17 -fold sensitivity, induced a G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in deacetylated Sia-expressing knockout cancer cells. Further studies implicated overexpression of CIEAs’ cognate protein target, phosphorylated EGFR, in the chemosensitivity of the deacetylated Sia-expressing knockout cells. This observation correlated with significantly decreased levels of key downstream proteins (phosphorylated ERK and mTOR) of the EGFR pathway in knockout cells compared with controls when treated with CIEAs. Collectively, our findings indicate that deacetylated Sia is utilized by colon and lung cancers to engage in MDR via overexpression and efflux action of BCRP and renders lung and colon cancer cells susceptible to EGFR therapeutics. This study provides great insights for future therapeutic interventions
'They tried to evil me': an explanatory model for Black Africans’ mental health challenges
Get PDF© 2023 The author. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.1111/nin.12602This paper explores the explanatory models of mental challenges among Black Africans in England. It argues that understanding these models is critical for providing culturally appropriate care to this population. The study employed qualitative methodology, and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). 12 mental health service users who are living in England and self-identified as first or second-generation black Africans were purposively selected. The data was gathered using face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Data was manually analyzed in accordance with IPA concepts of searching for common, unique, and idiosyncratic themes across transcripts. The findings revealed three themes black Africans associated to their explanatory model of mental health challenges: complexities of migration, African-centred worldview, and negative life experiences. To help alleviate the Eurocentric nature of mental health practice in England, it is hoped that this explanatory model will become an integral part of mental health practice in the England and around the world
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Using feedback from nursing students to co-create teaching and improve the learning experience
Get PDF© 2023 The Authors. Published by Innovation Forever Publishing Group Limited. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://www.innovationforever.com/article.jmnpr20230064Objective: To use feedback from students in mental health nursing as a step towards co-creating teaching and to improve learning experience. Methods: During a teaching session, feedback was obtained from a group of 20 final year mental health nursing students. The data were analyzed using interpretive description methodology. Results: The students were enthusiastic and eager to engage in the co-creation project. Students indicated co-creation strengthened their agency and learning experience. Conclusion: The students’ feedback showed that in a collaborative and non-hierarchical classroom setting, self-confidence and learning experiences are improved. There is a need for nursing academics to change their mindsets and have the confidence in the classroom to bring about pedagogical innovations
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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