32,205 research outputs found
Chün-Tu Hsueh, Huang Hsing and the Chinese Revolution. Jérôme Ch'en, Yuan Shih-K'ai.
No full textBergère Marie-Claire. Chün-Tu Hsueh, Huang Hsing and the Chinese Revolution. Jérôme Ch'en, Yuan Shih-K'ai.. In: Annales. Economies, sociétés, civilisations. 19ᵉ année, N. 3, 1964. pp. 602-604
Regression approaches for multi-class cost-sensitive classification
No full text成本導向多重分類問題在近年來越來越為重要，在圖形辨識和醫學究等問題上有很高的應用價值。為了使做出的分類決策可以達到最成本，陸續有許多研究者提出了加入成本資訊的機器學習演算法。些演算法中最常見的步驟，是將成本資訊轉化為每筆資料的比重。本篇論文中，我們採取了一項不同的步驟：利用迴歸分析來預估每資料相對應的分類成本，並依最低的預估成本來做分類決策。此方簡單並可以和各式的迴歸分析演算法結合，並有很強的理論基礎支。我們更進一步的分析了前述方法的盲點，利用創新的迴歸損失函，配合支持向量機，來設計更強而有力的成本導向多重分類演算，並透過實驗展示了本演算法的優越性。Cost-sensitive classification is an important research problem in recentears. It allows machine learning algorithms to use the additional cost informationo make more strategic decisions.tudies on binary cost-sensitive classification have led to promising resultsn theories, algorithms, and applications. The multi-class counterpart islso needed in many real-world applications, but is more difficult to analyze.his thesis focuses on multi-class cost-sensitive classification.xisting methods for multi-class cost-sensitive classification usually transformhe cost information into example importance (weight). This thesis offers different viewpoint of the problem, and proposes a novel method. Weirectly estimate the cost value corresponding to each prediction using regression,nd outputs the label that comes with the smallest estimated cost.e improve the method by analyzing the errors made during the decision.hen, we propose a different regression loss function that tightly connectsith the errors. The new loss function leads to a solid theoretical guaranteef error transformation. We design a concrete algorithm for the loss functionith the support vector machines. The algorithm can be viewed as a theoreticallyustified extension the popular one-versus-all support vector machine.xperiments using real-world data sets with arbitrary cost values demonstratehe usefulness of our proposed methods, and validate that the cost informationhould be appropriately used instead of dropped.致謝i文摘要iiibstract v Introduction 1.1 Problem Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Existing Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 Contribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Cost-Sensitive Classification by Per Class Regression 9.1 Regression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.3 Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4 Regression Error Bound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5 Experimental Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Cost-Sensitive Classification by One-Sided Regression 19.1 Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.2 One-sided Support Vector Regression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.2.1 Experiment Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.2.2 Comparison with Artificial Data Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.2.3 Comparison with Benchmark Data Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Conclusion 31ibliography 3
DIETARY CONDITIONS AND DIFFERENTIAL ACCESS TO FOOD RESOURCES AMONG THE VARIOUS CLASSES DURING THE HAN PERIOD
Full text linkIn this thesis, I study how food resources and dietary conditions were determined by social and economic status during the Han period in China, B.C. 206~A.D.220. Even though earlier scholars have published research concerning the Chinese food culture of this period, these studies were limited in that they only illustrated the dietary culture of the upper class or the available food resources in one geographic area. Also, without any persuasive data, it has been assumed by these earlier scholars that there were big differences in food resources and food consumption between the upper and lower classes. In this thesis, for comparison among the classes, I divide the social and economic classes into five stratified groups: nobles, officials, peasants, soldiers and convicts. After a brief introduction of the nature of each social class, I examine the food resources and nutritional condition of each group using information such as the wealth and income of each group, the market price of food resources, the agricultural products of peasants, and the amount of food distribution to soldiers and convicts. I found these data from archaeological remains, received historical records and pictorial data, and excavated texts. This research shows a broader view of Chinese dietary condition focusing not only on the variety of food resources of nobles, but also on the different food accessibilities among the officials, and the food deficiencies of peasants. It also deals with the situations of food supply for soldiers and convicts in an effort to reveal the true dietary consumption and nutritional conditions for all Chinese. This research proves that the various classes during the Han period in China had different food resources and dietary conditions
Resenha de: Huang Hsing and the Chinese Revolution
No full textCHÜN-TU-HST.YEH. — Huang Hsing and the Chinese Revolution. Stanford. Califórnia. ,Stanford University Press. 1961, 260 pp
Delta Urbanism coming of age: 25 years of Delta Urbanism where are we now?
Full text link‘Delta Urbanism’ is a common field of interest of different disciplines, which discovered the need to work together in order to be able to develop fruitful strategies for the future development of urbanized delta regions. The birth of this collaboration can be dated in the 1980s and 1990s, with the rise of three different fields of concern on the effects of industrial society: the concern on the environmental impact of industrialization, the concern on the alarming state of affairs of cities in these years, and the rising concern on climate change. The development of a real program of Delta Urbanism at TU Delft started in 2005, with the International Architecture Biennale Rotterdamon ‘the Flood’, the Katrina disaster in New Orleans and the start of the new Delta Program in the Netherlands as important driving forces. Important in the Delta Urbanism program is the search for a new ‘Darwinistic’ approach, emphasizing the evolutionary character of delta regions, and adaptivity as a main strategy to survive. This approach should substitute the traditional. Reductionist ‘Einstein’ approach, which is fitting in the dominating paradigm of the industrial society. Delta Urbanism itself can also be considered an evolutionary field of interest: it is under construction continuously. For the future, we can appoint four important issues to be elaborated: a more radical approach of the new adage ‘working with water’, water as a leverage for a complex society in transition; making delta landscapes adaptive, and design as an explorative method.Urban Desig
Menggu zhi: Fu tu yi han.
No full text[編輯者姚明煇].[bian ji zhe Yao Minghui]."ben dian zi shu nai gen ju "Xianggang ban quan tiao li (di 528 zhang)" er fu zhi, bing zhi ke zai da xue tu shu guan xi tong nei de du li dian zi shu xi tong shang shi yong.
The T'ang Chuan-ma-fang 伝馬坊 and Ch'ang-hsing-fang 長行坊 Systems in the Western Frontier Region
Full text linkT’ang set up special transport facilities called Chuan-ma-fang (伝馬坊) which were initially attached to each chou (州) in the district of the Liang-chou tu-tu-fu (涼州都書府: Liang-chou Government-General). It is probable that these facilities managed the Chuan-ma (伝馬) and Chuan-lü (伝驢), and connected every chou in this region. They controlled not only general official communications but also the transportation of military commodities to the western frontier region. T’ang divorced the Chuan-ma-fang from the management of the I (駅), but it functioned within the framework of the I-chuan (駅伝) sysem which was regulated by the Lü-ling (律令: T’ang codes and statutes).On the other hand, the transport facilities called Ch’ang-hsing-fang (長行坊) undertook official communications and transportation in the districts of Hsi-chou (西州) and Pei-t’ing(北庭) which were under the rule of the Tu-hu-tu (都護府: government office of the governor-general). These facilities were established for the Chen-shou-chün (鎭守軍: stationary troops), which were born of the Hsing-chün (行軍: expeditionary troops) sent to Hsi-chou and Pei-t’ing, and their management deviated from the framework of the I-chuan system. Judging from these facts the appellation “Ch’ang-hsing (長行)” attached to Ch’ang-hsing-fang was in contraposition to the “Chuan (伝)” of the Chuan-ma- fang which was within the I-chuan system.As T’ang set up stationary troops controlled by the Chieh-tu-shih (節度使) in the district of the Liang-chou tu-tu-fu from the end of the7th century, the Ch’ang-hsing-fang system, which was for the stationary troops in Hsi-chou and Pei-t’ing, replaced the Chuan-ma-fang system in this area. It is to be assumed that the Ch’ih-chien-hsiao-ch’ang-hsing-shih (勅検校長行使) was the head of the office which aimed at the centralization of control over the transport facilities called Ch’ang-hsing-fang in all areas. From the above, it may be concluded that the Ch’ang-hsing-fang grew into the communications and transportation system of the Ho-hsi-dao (河西道) which was established in the second year of Ching-yün (景雲) under the Chieh-tu-shih system.journal articl
Generalized ray method for three-dimensional propagation in a penetrable wedge
No full textOpen access funding provided by TU Wien (TUW). The research work reported in this paper was made from 1998 to 2013 by Prof. Yih-Hsing Pao, Prof. Chi-Fang Chen, and Dr. Piotr Borejko; in June, 2013, Prof. Yih-Hsing Pao passed away; from then on the work was continued until 2017 by Prof. Chi-Fang Chen and Dr. Piotr Borejko. The work was funded in 1998-1999 by the National Science Council (currently the Ministry of Science and Technology) of the Republic of China when Dr. Piotr Borejko was employed for two years as a guest researcher and worked closely with Prof. Yih-Hsing Pao and Prof. Chi-Fang Chen at the National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. The work was also funded (short visits) in 2009, 2013, 2014, and 2017 by the TU Wien, Vienna, Austria, when Prof. Chi-Fang Chen visited Dr. Piotr Borejko at the TU Wien; in 2005 and 2011 by the NTU when Dr. Piotr Borejko visited Prof. Yih-Hsing Pao and Prof. Chi-Fang Chen at the NTU; and again in 2015 by the NTU when Dr. Piotr Borejko visited Prof. Chi-Fang Chen at the NTU. The authors are pleased to acknowledge a number of improvements suggested by anonymous reviewers
Single-voltage-supply operation of Ga0.51In0.49P/AlGaAS/IN0.15Ga0.85As PHEMTS with high-power density
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