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Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci Conferring Palatability and Viscosity of Rice
No full text在稻米品質之育種上，若以白米理化特性作為評估指標可有效節省人力，並應用於早世代族群之選拔，可增進育種效率。然而米質性狀為數量性遺傳，且受到栽培環境的影響很大，故定位及選殖影響米質理化特性之遺傳因子有其必要性，利於後續之分子輔助育種、提升選拔精準度。是以，本研究利用稉稻臺農78號與秈稻臺中秈17號所建立之190個重組自交系為材料，在2010年二期作及2011年一期作兩個栽培期下進行試驗，進行白米味度計分析以及7個快速黏度分析特性，期望能找出在兩期作中穩定表現之QTLs，作為後續米質育種及遺傳研究之參考，並探討環境對米質之影響。
本試驗中之米質味度值、尖峰黏度、熱糊黏度、冷糊黏度、破裂黏度、回升黏度、尖峰時間、成糊溫度等八個理化特性皆呈現連續性分佈，且彼此之間多具有高度之正相關性。除味度與回升黏度於兩期作表現差異不大外，其餘六個特性易受環境影響，於兩期作顯著差異表現。以涵蓋12染色體之133個分子標幟，建立總長度為1501.6 cM、平均為11.4 cM的連鎖圖譜，其中59個標幟偏離預期之分離比、呈現分離偏差， 55個標幟偏向臺中秈17號之基因型，並造成第十二條染色體之標幟順序與物理圖譜不一致。以複合區間定位法進行QTL定位分析，在兩期作之試驗中共得到34個QTLs，分布於第2、3、4、5、6、7、9、10條染色體上，外表型變異解釋量從1.2~78 %不等，並在第3、6、7、10條染色體上觀察到除成糊溫度外之七個性狀QTLs群聚。其中有20個(10對)QTLs在兩期作中皆顯著，qHPV6、qBDV6、qCPV6、qSBV6、qPKV7、qCPV7、qSBV7與其他試驗結果相符，顯示這些QTLs在不同之試驗族群及環境下皆可穩定表現。其中位於第六對染色體Wx標幟附近之QTLs具有最大之效應，對味度值、熱糊黏度、破裂黏度、冷糊黏度、回升黏度、尖峰時間皆具有影響，外表型變異解釋量為29~78 %，此QTL可能為控制直鏈澱粉生合成之基因Waxy。對六個澱粉合成基因進行單點分析，除Wx外，SBE4對於熱糊黏度；PUL基因對於冷糊黏度及回升黏度在兩期作間具有顯著之影響。且在特定之Wx背景及交感組合下可偵測到更多顯著之遺傳因子，如在Wxb背景下之PUL:SBE4交感組合在味度、尖峰黏度、熱糊黏度、尖峰時間具有顯著之效應。Physiochemical properties of milled rice could be employed as a selection index of grain quality in early generations of rice breeding programs, which could reduce labor costs and improve breeding efficiency. However, grain qualities of rice are inherited quantitatively and influenced severely by environment. It is imperative to QTL map and clone genes conferring physiochemical properties in prior for marker assisted breeding to promote selection accuracy of grain quality. A total of 190 RILs derived by japonica cultivar TNG 78 crossed with indica cultivar TCS 17 were planted in two cropping seasons, the 2nd crop in 2010 and 1st crop in 2011. The palatability and 7 RVA characteristics were measured of rice grains of each RIL harvested from these two seasons. The objectives herein were to find QTLs expressed stably in two cropping seasons for further grain quality breeding and genetic research, and to study the environmental effects on rice grain quality.
Eight physiochemical properties, included palatability (PLS), peak viscosity (PV), hot paste viscosity (HPV), cool paste viscosity (CPV), brekdown viscosity (BDV), setback viscosity (SBV), peak time (PeT), and pasting temperature (PaT), exhibited continuous distribution, and displayed significant positive correlation between any two traits. Significant differences between two cropping seasons were observed in most traits except palatability and setback viscosity. By using 133 molecular markers covering 12 chromosomes, the linkage map of a total length of 1501.6 cM with an average of 11.4 cM were established. A toal of 59 markers showed segregation distortion which 55 markers skewed to homozygote of TCS 17 genotype, leading marker order of linkage map in chromosome 12 inconsistent to the order of the physical map. We employed composite interval mapping to uncover QTLs associated these eight traits measured in the two cropping seasons, 34 QTLs were obtained with phenotypic variance explanation (PVE) ranged from 1.2% to 78%. The QTLs were mapped on chromosomes 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, and 10; in addition, QTLs conferring 7 traits except pasting temperature were clustered on chromosomes 3, 6, 7, and 10. Twenty (10 pairs) QTLs were detected significantly in two environments, and qHPV6, qBDV6, qCPV6, qSBV6, qPKV7, qCPV7 and qSBV7 identified in this study were conservative with previous studies, suggesting these QTLs expressed stably not only in different environments but experimental populations. The QTLs nearby Wx, which regulates biosynthesis of amylopectin, displaying the largest effect on traits PLS, HPV, BDV, CPV, SBV and PeT, with phenotypic variance explanation ranged from 29% to 78% . The effect of six starch biosynthesis-related genes on these 8 traits was performed a single point analysis and revealed, besides Wx, that SBE4 displayed significant effect on hot paste viscosity, PUL displayed significant effect on cold paste viscosity and setback viscosity. We also proposed that more genes are found carrying significant effects at specific Wx gene haplotypes or interaction combination. Such as PUL:SBE4 interaction exhibits significant effects at PLS, PKV HPV and PeT
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Evaluating pathways toward sustainable intensification for Uruguay rice systems
Get PDFSubmission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2022-08-01Transformation of current crop production system is urgent to satisfy the need of increasing yield while preserving the environment. Sustainable intensification (SI) is an outcome-driven research framework which aims to integrate multiple research disciplines to achieve such dual-sided goals in agriculture. However, designing SI pathways can be challenging since there is no established approaches suitable for the wide variety of cropping system contexts and implementation of research projects between multiple disciplines to achieve SI goals might be difficult. This challenge could be even more severe in highly industrialized cropping systems since the resources are often solely dedicated for increasing yield and the opportunities for SI is overlooked. Therefore, finding actionable pathway for SI transformation is crucial.
Rice cultivation in Uruguay has been highly industrialized with world-leading productivity in recent decades. As one of the main export-oriented crops without government subsidy, questions has emerged regarding the opportunities of continuously increasing yield in the future. However, studies have highlighted the potential sustainability tradeoffs associated with yield increase using the data from national scale. The variability of tradeoffs between optimizing yield and sustainability has not yet been investigated at field or farm level.
In this study, we used a series of field trials and on-farm management records data from rice production systems in Uruguay to develop effective SI framework. The main goal of this study is to utilize the data collected from conventional yield-oriented research systems to develop SI-oriented research with the specific focus on evaluating the variability of SI indices at individual farm level and identifying promising SI management options and exploring the potential of SI on high-yielding systems.
The results highlighted the potential for increasing yield via resource use efficiency for farms with medium and low yields. While increasing yield in high-yielding farms is still possible, the risk for compromising sustainability might occur. Important field factors such as nitrogen rate, seeding rate, planting date not only influential to yield but also important for maintain system-level sustainability performance. Though additional research and adaptation may be necessary, the concept of this study can be extended to any modernized crop production system in the word to enhance our understanding of potential tradeoffs between food production and environmental sustainability outcomes.The student, Meng-Chun Tseng, accepted the attached license on 2020-07-17 at 11:54.The student, Meng-Chun Tseng, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2020-07-17 at 11:56.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2020-07-17 at 15:39.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #15581 on 2020-10-02 at 15:32:35Made available in DSpace on 2020-10-07T22:44:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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