84 research outputs found
Delirium after transcatheter aortic valve implantation : a retrospective chart review of associated risk factors and outcomes
No full textA retrospective chart review was performed to determine the incidence and risk factors of delirium after transfemoral and transapical transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), and open-heart aortic valve replacement (AVR) (n = 45 per group). A number of secondary outcomes were also compared between the surgeries, including 24-hour, 30-day, 1-year and 2-year mortality; time spent in intensive care; total length of hospitalization; need for emergency cardiopulmonary bypass during operation (for TAVI procedures only); and frequencies of postoperative complications.
Delirium occurred significantly less frequently in transfemoral TAVI (16%) than in transapical TAVI (51%) or open-heart AVR (38%) (p < 0.01 for transfemoral vs. transapical; p < 0.05 for transfemoral vs. open-heart). There were no significant differences in the use of emergency cardiopulmonary bypass between the two TAVI procedures. Transapical TAVI patients required longer periods of intensive care compared to transfemoral or open-heart patients (84 ± 118.4 hours for transapical compared to 36 ± 36.9 hours for transfemoral and 41 ± 32.1 hours for open-heart; p = 0.014 for transapical vs. transfemoral; p = 0.025 for transapical vs. open-heart), and transfemoral patients had significantly shorter lengths of hospitalization (8 ± 6.0 days for transfemoral compared to 14 ± 9.5 days for transapical and 11 ± 7.2 days for open-heart; p = 0.001 for transfemoral vs. transapical; p = 0.047 for transfemoral vs. open-heart). The 2-year cumulative mortality rate was significantly lower for open-heart patients than for TAVI patients (2% of open-heart patients, compared to 20% of transapical patients and 18% of transfemoral patients; p = 0.007 for transapical vs. open-heart; p = 0.014 for transfemoral vs. open-heart). Transapical and open-heart patients suffered from more postoperative complications than transfemoral patients. A large number of risk factors for delirium were also identified within each surgical group.
This study demonstrated that benefits are incurred with transfemoral TAVI compared to transapical TAVI and compared to open-heart AVR. The contribution of medications taken in the perioperative period on the outcome of postoperative delirium is discussed, and clinical considerations with regards to using TAVI for mitigating the incidence of delirium are mentioned.Medicine, Faculty ofAnesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department ofGraduat
Os fundos de arquivos coloniais da PIDE/DGS e outros, como fontes históricas
No full textTexte en portugais issue de la communication au « IV° Seminário internacional de Arquivos de tradição ibérica » de l’Associação latino-americana de Arquivos, à l’Instituto dos Arquivos nacionais – Torre do Tombo (24-28 oct. 2005), Réflexions sur laa pratique de l'auteur des archives policières de la colonisation portugaise au Mozambique de 1990 à 2005 environ: richesse et limites de ce type d’archives, distance critique envers ce que disent et ne disent pas les archives…Text in Portuguese from the communication to the "IV Seminário internacional de Arquivos de tradição ibérica" of the Associação latino-americana de Arquivos, at the Instituto dos Arquivos nacionais - Torre do Tombo (24-28 Oct. 2005), Reflections on the practice of the author of the police archives of the Portuguese colonisation of Mozambique from 1990 to 2005: richness and limits of this type of archive, critical distance towards what the archives say and do not say..
COMMUNICATION AS SOCIAL INTERACTION PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHER PRACTICES
Get PDFAbstract. This article reports the reflections of a primary school teacher on her communication practices in the classroom Communication as an instrument of the relationship between teacher and students has been the target of widespread dispute in the field of education, given its relevance in the teaching and learning process. The greater value given to the role of dialogue and the sharing of information is opposed to a more traditional form of communication based on a one-way discourse, undertaken by the teacher From this point of view, the transference of information and codes (linguistic and others) is not approached nor studied in itself, but in its use, and communication is characterised as a process of social interaction. It is in this process of interaction that the subjects as well as society itself undergo their construction, through the negotiation of meaning between individuals Founded on this desire to understand the role of communicational changes in the teaching and learning of mathematics, the first co-author of this article developed a collaborative research into mathematical communication with three primary school teachers, with the supervision of the second co-author. This article proposes to explore the way in which the communicative practices of the teacher can raise the value of the communication among the students in the classroom. It results from the work undertaken with one of the teachers who participated in the study -Laura. COMMUNICATION AS A PROCESS OF SOCIAL INTERACTION From the point of view of communication as interaction, learning by the subjects arises from interactions between the individual and the cultur
Damage Induced by Recycled Aggregates on the Short-Term Tensile Behaviour of a High-Strength Geotextile
Get PDFAbstractThis paper presents the mechanical, chemical and environmental degradation induced by recycled Construction and Demolition Wastes (C&DW) on the short-term tensile behaviour of a nonwoven polypropylene (PP) geotextile reinforced with polyester (PET) yarns. In order to study the chemical and environmental degradation a damage trial embankment (2m x 3m in plant) was constructed using recycled C&DW as filling material. The damage caused by the mechanical actions during installation was also simulated by installation damage laboratory tests. Wide width tensile tests were performed on geotextile samples exhumed from the trial embankment after 12 months, on laboratory damaged samples and on intact (as-received) samples. Their short-term tensile behaviour is compared. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of intact and exhumed specimens are also presented
The role of implicit memory and mindful relaxation on the processing of sexual cues in individuals with traumatic sexual experiences: An EEG/ERP study
No full textThis study aims to investigate the neural correlates of implicit (automatic) memory processing in victims of potentially traumatic sexual experiences (TSE). Its main objectives are:
- To study the relationship between sexual victimization, traumatic symptoms, and sexual health indicators.
- To elucidate possible differences in automatic associations with visual sexual stimuli between individuals with TSE and individuals who do not report such experiences.
- To determine the relationship between these automatic associations and specific sexual health indicators (e.g., sexual functioning) within each group.
- To map the neuroelectric correlates of emotional processing of sexual stimuli in both groups, using event-related potentials (ERPs).
- To test the modulatory effect of a brief mindfulness exercise on the automatic associations with sexual stimuli as well as on brain activity related to the emotional processing of such stimuli.
This research holds significant scientific relevance, as it contributes to expanding knowledge about how traumatic experiences affect the brain and cognition, helping to build a more comprehensive understanding of brain function. It may also guide the development of new therapies and interventions to support victims of sexual trauma, improving the effectiveness of psychological treatments. From a social perspective, the results of this study will enhance public understanding of the neuropsychological effects of sexual trauma, helping to reduce the stigma associated with trauma victims and promoting a more informed and inclusive
society. Additionally, by informing public policies based on scientific evidence, the conclusions of this research can contribute to improving mental health services and social support programs for survivors of sexual trauma.
This project is funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (2021.07093.BD)
Da casa a o palacio: "A carta de Guia de casados" de D. Francisco Manuel de Melo em Espanha no século XVIII
No full textThe Spanish translation and publishing of Carta de Guia de Casados (Madrid, 1724 and 1787), is witness not only to the prestige its author, D. Francisco Manuel de Melo, enjoyed in Spain, but also to frames of reading of considerable cultural significance, particularly as far as the understanding of the complex links of private and social life are concerned. This essay focuses on a range of issues related to the joint publication of this work and of Luís de Abreu e Melo's Avisos para o Palácio
The role of implicit memory and mindful relaxation on the processing of sexual cues in individuals with traumatic sexual experiences: An EEG/ERP study
No full textThis study aims to investigate the neural correlates of implicit (automatic) memory processing in victims of potentially traumatic sexual experiences (TSE). Its main objectives are:
- To study the relationship between sexual victimization, traumatic symptoms, and sexual health indicators.
- To elucidate possible differences in automatic associations with visual sexual stimuli between individuals with TSE and individuals who do not report such experiences.
- To determine the relationship between these automatic associations and specific sexual health indicators (e.g., sexual functioning) within each group.
- To map the neuroelectric correlates of emotional processing of sexual stimuli in both groups, using event-related potentials (ERPs).
- To test the modulatory effect of a brief mindfulness exercise on the automatic associations with sexual stimuli as well as on brain activity related to the emotional processing of such stimuli.
This research holds significant scientific relevance, as it contributes to expanding knowledge about how traumatic experiences affect the brain and cognition, helping to build a more comprehensive understanding of brain function. It may also guide the development of new therapies and interventions to support victims of sexual trauma, improving the effectiveness of psychological treatments. From a social perspective, the results of this study will enhance public understanding of the neuropsychological effects of sexual trauma, helping to reduce the stigma associated with trauma victims and promoting a more informed and inclusive
society. Additionally, by informing public policies based on scientific evidence, the conclusions of this research can contribute to improving mental health services and social support programs for survivors of sexual trauma.
This project is funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (2021.07093.BD)
Síntese de trioxolanos e tetraoxanos com potencial atividade contra Toxoplasma gondii
Get PDFA toxoplasmose é uma doença infeciosa provocada por parasitas da espécie Toxoplasma gondii, transmitidos ao ser humano essencialmente através do consumo de carne deficientemente cozinhada que contenha cistos teciduais do parasita. De acordo com a OMS, a toxoplasmose atinge mais de 2 milhões de pessoas na Europa, sendo atualmente considerada uma infeção parasitária negligenciada.
A quimioterapia da toxoplasmose assenta na administração de fármacos clássicos, como a sulfadiazina, a pirimetamina e o ácido folínico, frequentemente administrados em terapêuticas de combinação. No entanto, este arsenal terapêutico evidencia fragilidades, incluindo toxicidade e eficácia reduzida, devido ao desenvolvimento de resistências pelo parasita. Estas fragilidades são agravadas pela necessidade de tratamentos prolongados, podendo conduzir a recrudescência da infeção.
O Toxoplasma gondii pertence à filo Apicomplexa, uma família que engloba outros parasitas infeciosos, por exemplo Plasmodium spp. O produto natural artemisinina e os seus derivados semissintéticos são usados como fármacos de primeira linha no tratamento da malária, tendo sido equacionada a utilização destes no combate à toxoplasmose. Alguns endoperóxidos sintéticos, nomeadamente trioxolanos e tetraoxanos possuem atividade contra Plasmodium spp, Leishmania spp e também contra Perkinsus olseni.
A atual dissertação tem como propósito apresentar uma revisão bibliográfica relativa às estratégias de prevenção e terapia da toxoplasmose, elencando as limitações dos fármacos existentes e enfatizando as perspetivas futuras no desenvolvimento de novas terapêuticas. Será dada especial ênfase à utilização de endoperóxidos para o tratamento de infeções parasitárias, discutindo a sua potencial aplicação no combate à toxoplasmose. Neste contexto, foi também desenvolvida pela autora um trabalho laboratorial que consistiu na síntese de trioxolanos e tetraoxanos potencialmente ativos contra Toxoplasma gondii. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no grupo de Reatividade Orgânica e Química Medicinal (OrgMedChem) do CCMAR e contou com o apoio do projeto PTDC/MAR-BIO/4132/2014. Espera-se, no futuro, recolher informação acerca das caraterísticas estruturais dos endoperóxidos que favorecem a eficácia farmacológica.Toxoplasmosis is an infectious disease caused by parasites of the genus Toxoplasma gondii, transmitted to humans essentially through the consumption of poorly cooked meat containing parasite tissue cysts. According to WHO, toxoplasmosis affects more than 2 million people in Europe and is currently considered a neglected parasitic disease.
Toxoplasmosis chemotherapy is based on the use of drugs, such as sulfadiazine, pyrimethamine and folinic acid, which are often administered in combination therapies. However, this therapeutic arsenal shows weaknesses, including toxicity and reduced efficacy, due to the development of resistances. These weaknesses are aggravated by the need for prolonged treatments, which may lead to a resurgence of the infection.
Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa, a family that includes other infectious parasites, for example Plasmodium spp. The natural product artemisin and its semi synthetic derivatives are used as first line drugs in the treatment of malaria, and their use in the fight against toxoplasmosis has been equated. Some synthetic endoperoxides, namely trioxolanes and tetraoxanes, are known to have activity against Plasmodium spp, Leishmania spp and also against Perkinsus olseni.
The present dissertation aims to present a literature review on toxoplasmosis prevention and therapy strategies, highlighting the limitations of existing drugs and emphasizing future perspectives in the development of new therapies. Special emphasis will be given to the use of endoperoxides for the treatment of parasitic infections, discussing their potential application in the fight against toxoplasmosis. In this context, a laboratory project was also developed by the author, which consisted in the synthesis of trioxolanes and tetraoxanes potentially active against Toxoplasma gondii. The experimental work was developed in the OrgMedChem group of CCMAR, with financial support from project PTDC/MAR-BIO/4132/2014. Further information is expected regarding the structural features of endoperoxides that favor pharmacological efficacy.O trabalho foi desenvolvido no grupo de Reatividade Orgânica e Química Medicinal (OrgMedChem) do CCMAR e contou com o apoio do projeto PTDC/MAR-BIO/4132/2014
Tuberculose: a importância da investigação de novos fármacos no contexto do desenvolvimento de estirpes de Mtb resistentes aos fármacos disponíveis
Get PDFA tuberculose (TB) é uma doença bacteriana causada por Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Este agente infecioso é responsável por um grande número de infetados (1/3 da população mundial), podendo a infeção apresentar-se sob duas formas: ativa (sintomática) e latente (assintomática).
O tratamento de TB resultante de infeção por estirpes de Mtb suscetíveis baseia-se na terapêutica de 1ª linha, que compreende a administração de rifampicina, isoniazida, pirazinamida e etambutol. Para TB resultante de estirpes de Mtb infetante resistentes aos fármacos de 1ª linha recorre-se à terapêutica de 2ª linha.
O tratamento atual da TB é eficaz, porém evidencia toxicidade e necessidade de tratamentos prolongados, o que prejudica a adesão à terapêutica. O panorama é agravado pelo surgimento de novas estirpes de Mtb resistentes aos fármacos tuberculostáticos em uso, constituindo a TB resistente um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública, principalmente em países menos desenvolvidos. É de primordial importância aprofundar o conhecimento relativamente aos mecanismos de ação, limitações e respetivos mecanismos de resistência dos fármacos em uso, bem como identificar novos alvos terapêuticos de Mtb, para desenvolver novos fármacos contra a TB que contornem os problemas existentes.
A presente dissertação resume o estado da arte relativamente às estratégias atuais de tratamento da TB e aos avanços científicos no desenvolvimento de novos fármacos para combater esta doença. São abordadas as características da TB e o seu impacto global, as terapêuticas disponíveis e suas limitações, bem como as perspetivas futuras na descoberta de novos alvos terapêuticos e no desenvolvimento de novos fármacos. A autora deste trabalho focou particularmente o estudo dos mecanismos de ação e estudos de relação estrutura-atividade dos fármacos antituberculosos atuais, relacionando-os com estudos de “docking” e com os genes responsáveis pelas mutações que criam estirpes resistentes, bem como a pesquisa de moléculas de classes químicas promissoras que atuam em alvos terapêuticos diferentes.Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). This infectious agent is responsible for a large number of infections around the world (1/3 of the world population), and the infection may assume two forms: active (symptomatic) and latent (asymptomatic).
The treatment of TB resulting from infection by susceptible strains of Mtb is based on first-line therapy protocols, which comprise the administration of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol. For TB resulting from strains of infectious Mtb resistant to 1st-line drugs, 2nd-line therapy is used.
Current TB treatment is effective, yet it shows toxicity and the need for prolonged treatments, which impairs adherence to the therapy. This scenario is worsened by the emergence of new strains of Mtb resistant to the tuberculostatic drugs in use, making resistant TB one of the biggest public health problems, especially in less developed countries. It is thus of paramount importance to deepen the knowledge regarding the mechanisms of action, limitations and respective mechanisms of resistance of the drugs in use, as well as to identify new therapeutic targets of Mtb, so as to develop new drugs against TB that circumvent the existing problems.
This dissertation summarizes the state of the art regarding current TB treatment strategies and scientific advances in the identification of new targets and development of new drugs to combat this disease. Emphasis is given to the characteristics of TB and its global impact, the therapies available and their limitations, as well as future perspectives in the discovery of new therapeutic targets and in the development of better drugs. The author of this work particularly focused on the study of mechanisms of action and the structure-activity relationship studies of current antituberculous drugs, relating them to “docking” studies and the genes responsible for the mutations that create resistant strains, as well as the research of molecules of promising chemical classes that act on different therapeutic targets
Ezra Pound : dos sentidos da influência
No full textIn this article the author examines the meaning of the idea of "influence" in Ezra Pound's poetical theory and practice, discussing its value within the framework of a literature produced in the defence of the social function of poetry. In attempting a better understanding of the directions which influence might follow, the article brings to discussion Harold Bloom's theory of the anxiety of influence
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