1,721,033 research outputs found
The biophysical characterization of Sub1A-1, the transcription factor for rice submergence survival
No full text由於全球暖化，近年來氣候變遷導致的洪水與旱災比過往更加頻繁並且對全球糧食安全產量造成了嚴重的威脅。稻米餵養世界將近一半的人口，因此保護水稻免於受到天災成為一項重要的課題。多數種植的水稻品種遇到完全滅頂的情況下皆活不過一個禮拜但某些稻米種卻擁有絕佳對抗洪水的能力。藉由基因體的分析，目前已經了解SUBMERGENCE(Sub1)這個位點水稻具有抗淹水能力而其產物為一關鍵的轉錄因子Sub1A-1。然而目前對於Sub1A-1如何活化其他下游基因等分子機制仍未了解。Sub1A-1屬於第七群Ethylene Responsive factor (ERFVII) 的一員，這群蛋白具有一AP2 domain 結合GCC box (AGCCGCC) 。但水稻的基因中具有超過3000個以上的基因其啟動子區域具有GCC box。以傳統基因的方式一一篩選幾乎是不可能的而且也缺乏細胞能及的Submergence assay來檢測。因此我們想出了利用Fluorescence Polarization (FP) assay去減少可能的DNA序列。藉由FP assay及protein truncation 我們發現了AP2 domain本身可能並不能提供完整的DNA結合能力，必須要有N-terminal domain一起結合DNA。這項發現可增加我們對於ERFVII家族蛋白的了解。同時了解這些資訊也可為將Sub1A-1與DNA共結晶鋪路。目前我們已經發現某些條件下能形成小微晶。微調這些條件也許能解出結構，為我們的發現提供切實的證據。Due to the global warming, recent climate changes result more frequent flood and drought than the pass and becomes a serious threat to the global food security. Rice feeding over half of the population in the world and it is an emerging issue to protect rice production from weather damage. Most domesticated rice cultivars die within a week of complete submergence (flooding). However, some wild rice has a remarkable ability to withstand flood. By Genome-wide studies, it is shown that SUBMERGENCE 1 (SUB1) locus is response for the submergence resistant and the transcription factor, Sub1A-1 coded in SUB1 locus is the key factor. However, the molecular mechanism of Sub1A-1 remains unknown. Sub1A-1 is a member of group VII ethylene responsive factors (ERFVIIs) which contain an AP2 domain for GCC box (AGCCGCC) binding. More than 3,000 genes in rice genome have GCC box in their promoter region. It is virtually impossible to screen them by genetic approaches. Not to mention that there is no cell-based submergence assay. In order to narrow down its downstream targets, we have developed a binding assay by Fluorescence Polarization (FP). In addition, we have discovered that AP2 domain itself may not provide sufficient binding ability. Only with the N-terminal domain could AP2 domain of Sub1A-1 bind to DNA. This new finding could enlarge our knowledge about ERFVII family. Currently, our knowledge about ERFVII family is limited to containing one AP2 domain for DNA binding. Moreover, knowing more about Sub1A-1 protein can facilitate our Sub1A-1 and DNA co-crystallization work. Currently, we have found out several conditions which could form small crystallite. Refining these conditions may solve the 3D-structure of Sub1A-1/DNA complex which could provide solid evidence for our new finding
Carbon Dioxide investigation for Geosynthetics Materials of Reinforcement Retaining Walls
No full text本研針對國內自產之地工合成材料種類及其功能進行調查，並針對部分RC與加勁擋土牆使用材料進行CO2排放計算，用以計算分析加勁與傳統RC擋土牆在CO2排放與建造成本上的差異。本研究主要成果如下分述如下。
加勁擋土牆結構體高度15m以下，建造成本約為6000至8000元/m2，結構體高度15m以上建造成本約為8000至10000元/m2，若擋土牆高度越高，格網埋入深度較深建造成本可能高達10000至13000元/m2，反之擋土牆高度越低，功能需求越單純其建造成本可能降至4000至6000元/m2，擋土牆結構體3m高以下加勁與RC建造成本無明顯差異，3m高以上加勁擋土牆建造成本優於RC土擋土牆。
有關擋土牆的CO2排放以本研究中5至8m高的擋土牆為例，加勁擋土牆CO2排放約為20kg/m^2，RC擋土牆CO2排放約為加勁擋土牆的10至40倍，使用加勁擋土牆取代RC擋土牆可大量減少CO2排放，本研究更建立以「建造成本」與「CO2排放」兩項數據之二次回歸曲線可用以預測加勁擋土牆的CO2排放，回歸方程式為y=0.0038x-1.864，相關係數為0.858，此後可以「建造成本」進行加勁擋土牆CO2排放的預測。
根據本研究數據指出，加勁擋土牆可以透過植生的方式吸收建築材料所生之二氧化碳，而其所耗費的時間，如加勁擋土牆結構高度在15m以下需2-5年、15m以上需5-8年，可將建築使用材料所產生的CO2排放完全回收，達到零CO2排放。
以加勁擋土牆取代RC擋土牆，不僅有更經濟的建造成本，更可大量減少CO2排放，且於加勁擋土牆使用年限內更可透過坡面的植生，將建造使用之材料產生的CO2排放回收，達到零CO2排放。The thesis,via investigation of the types and functions of Geosynthetics Materials, focuses on analysis of comparison between RC Retaining Walls and Reinforcement Retaining Walls in two ways: the first is CO2 deterioration,and the second is Cost. Through the research,the main result of the study is following.
When the height of Reinforcement Retaining Walls is lower than 15cm, the cost of its construction will be 6000 to 8000 dollars per m2 approximately.However,when the height of it is higher than 15cm, the cost of it will come to 8000 to 10000 dollars per m2 approximately.Besides,the higher the Reinforcement Retaining Walls is, the more deeply the Geogrid will crave,and the cost of its construction will be 10000 to 13000 dollars per m2;albeit,the lower it is,the shallower Geogrid will crave,and cost of it will be 4000 to 6000 dollars per m2 due to simple requirement of function.Additionally,with comparison with Reinforcement Retaining Walls and RC Retaining Walls, the cost of the former will be cheaper than that of the latter when the structure of the former is higher than 3m.
With regard to the CO2 deterioration of Retaining Walls,the amount of Reinforcement Retaining Walls is 20 kg/m^2;albeit,the amount of Reinforcement Retaining Walls is 10 to 40 times size of it. Therefore,it is clear that use of Reinforcement Retaining Walls can reduce the amount of emission of CO2.In addition,for estimation of CO2 emission from the respect of construction cost,the thesis create Quadratic regression curve (y=0.0038x-1.864) to estimate the amount of emission of CO2,which R2 is 0.858.
According to the survey of the thesis, in order to recycle the emission of CO2 caused by the materials,Reinforcement Retaining Walls which is vegetated is recommended. The time it takes to achieve the goal depends on the height of its structure: it would take 2 to 5 years if the height is lower than 15 meters;on the contrary,if the height is higher than 15 meters,5 to 8 years were required.
Finally,under the series of research,in lieu of its economical respect, reduction of emission of CO2,and recycle of CO2 via vegetation on the surface,it is my conclusion that the use of Reinforcement Retaining Walls is suggested to achieve the goals mentioned above
Emulsified BMVC derivative induced filtration for G-quadruplex DNA structural separation
No full textSympathetic Skin Response in Hyperhidrosis: An Electrophysiological Evaluation for Surgical Treatment
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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