130,636 research outputs found
Wallaceochromis Lamboj, Trummer & Metscher 2016, gen. nov.
No full textWallaceochromis gen. nov. Differential Diagnosis. Lachrymal with four openings of laterosensory system; small chest scales; sixteen scales around caudal peduncle; upper lateral line clearly separated from dorsal fin base; teeth in both jaws unicuspid, a few teeth situated anterolaterally in the lower jaws with a curvature of the crown directed posteriorly and not buccally; no microbranchiospines; gill rakers on the outer row of the first ceratobranchial pachydermatous, transversely aligned, with a tuberculate and concave upper surface and a protracted distal tip; sexual dimorphism well developed: Males usually one third larger than females; in males first pelvic fin ray always longest, in females second (sometimes second and third) pelvic fin ray longer than first, giving the distal tip of the fin a rounded rather than pointed appearance. Snout pointed; dorsal head profile straight and sloping; low supraoccipital crest; ethmovomerine skull region slightly elongate and sloping at a low angle; it differs from Pelvicachromis in two contiguous tubular infraorbital bones (vs. three, with gap between 2nd and 3rd); 26–27 vertebrae with a tendency to higher abdominal vertebral counts (14–15 vs. 13–14); a more narrow interorbital region in adult specimens (maximum of 21.7–25.6% HL vs. 26.8–36.7% HL); seven or eight vertical dark bars on body, visible in several behavioral situations (vs. no such bars). Included species: Wallaceochromis humilis (Boulenger, 1916); type species (fig. 2, 3A,B) Wallaceochromis rubrolabiatus (Lamboj, 2004) (fig. 3C,D) Wallaceochromis signatus (Lamboj, 2004) (fig. 3E,F) Etymology. In honor of Alfred R. Wallace, co-founder of the theory of evolution and founder of biogeography; chromis, a common ending for African cichlids. Distribution. The genus is restricted to Guinea, Sierra Leone, and western parts of Liberia, where it occurs strictly in freshwater (Lamboj, 2004a). Wallaceochromis rubrolabiatus and W. signatus are only known from the Kolente River basin in Guinea, while W. humilis is found in the whole distribution area of the genus, including the Kolente River basin.Published as part of Lamboj, Anton, Trummer, Franziska & Metscher, Brian D., 2016, Wallaceochromis gen. nov, a new chromidotilapiine cichlid genus (Pisces: Perciformes) from West Africa, pp. 124-130 in Zootaxa 4144 (1) on pages 126-127, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4144.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/25831
FIGURE 4 in Wallaceochromis gen. nov, a new chromidotilapiine cichlid genus (Pisces: Perciformes) from West Africa
No full textFIGURE 4. Consensus BI tree (50% majority rule) of chromidotilapiines, based on six genes, taken from Schwarzer et al. (2014), modified. The dataset comprises mitochondrial and nuclear sequences of six independent markers. Green numbers at nodes refer to bootstrap values (BS, 1,000 replicates) of the ML run and black numbers to Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP). Red circles represent a 100% BS support and 1.00 BPP and black circles 1.00 BPP and lower BS values. The leaf stability index exceeded 0.93 for all specimens. For more details, see Schwarzer et al., (2014, fig.4).Published as part of Lamboj, Anton, Trummer, Franziska & Metscher, Brian D., 2016, Wallaceochromis gen. nov, a new chromidotilapiine cichlid genus (Pisces: Perciformes) from West Africa, pp. 124-130 in Zootaxa 4144 (1) on page 128, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4144.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/25831
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
David Claerbout /
No full textDavid Claerbout's large-scale film projections are characterized by their extremely slow-motion image sequences that are created using computer-generated methods. Moving images freeze into still images. The themes of transience and stasis, and above all the majestic, unwavering nature of time, take on their own aesthetic in Claerbout's visual language. Based on this, the American art historian Russell Ferguson analyzes David Claerbout's relationship to contemporary photography in his essay and explains his extremely precise working process, which often takes years. In a conversation with Thomas D. Trummer, David Claerbout talks about his philosophy and his perception of the world and the present, in particular against the background of the installations shown at the Kunsthaus Bregenz.Catalog of an exhibition held at Kunsthaus Bregenz, Austria, July 14-October 7, 2018.Includes bibliographical references.David Claerbout's large-scale film projections are characterized by their extremely slow-motion image sequences that are created using computer-generated methods. Moving images freeze into still images. The themes of transience and stasis, and above all the majestic, unwavering nature of time, take on their own aesthetic in Claerbout's visual language. Based on this, the American art historian Russell Ferguson analyzes David Claerbout's relationship to contemporary photography in his essay and explains his extremely precise working process, which often takes years. In a conversation with Thomas D. Trummer, David Claerbout talks about his philosophy and his perception of the world and the present, in particular against the background of the installations shown at the Kunsthaus Bregenz.Davidts, Woute
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Scholarly Communication and Publishing Lunch and Learn Talk #11: The ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund
No full textAt the May 2014 talk, you will learn about the ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund--what it is, why we do it, how it works, and how the program is going so far
Vitamin-D concentrations, cardiovascular risk and events - a review of epidemiological evidence
No full textVitamin D has long been established as an elemental factor of bone physiology. Beyond mineral metabolism, the expression of the vitamin D receptor has been identified throughout the cardiovascular (CV) system. Experimental studies showed beneficial effects of vitamin D on heart and vessels, but vitamin D intoxication in animals also led to hypercalcemia and vascular calcification. Our knowledge has been extended by epidemiological studies that showed that 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels are inversely associated with an increased CV risk itself, but also with established CV risk factors, such as arterial hypertension, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Conversely, randomized controlled trials could not document significant and consistent effects of vitamin D supplementation on CV risk or events. Potential explanations may lie in differences in reference ranges or the possibility that low vitamin D in CV disease is only an epiphenomenon. In the latter case, the key question is why low 25(OH)D levels are such a strong predictor of health. While we wait for new data, the current conclusion is that vitamin D is a strong risk marker for CV risk factors and for CV diseases itself
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