1,720,966 research outputs found
Effect of zinc imbalance and salicylic acid co-supply on Arabidopsis response to fungal pathogens with different lifestyles
No full textIn higher plants, Zn nutritional imbalance can affect growth, physiology and response to stress, with effect variable depending on host–pathogen interaction. Mechanisms through which Zn operates are not yet well known. The hormone salicylic acid (SA) can affect plant ion uptake, transport and defence responses. Thus, in this study the impact of Zn imbalance and SA co-supply on severity of infection with the necrotrophic fungal pathogen B. cinerea or the biotroph G. cichoracearum was assessed in A. thaliana Col-0. Spectrophotometric assays for pigments and malondialdehyde (MDA) content as a marker of lipid peroxidation, plant defensin 1.2 gene expression by semi-quantitative PCR, callose visualization by fluorescence microscopy and diseases evaluation by macro- and microscopic observations were carried out. Zinc plant concentration varied with the supplied dose. In comparison with the control, Zn-deficit or Zn-excess led to reduced chlorophyll content and PDF 1.2 transcripts induction. In Zn-deficient plants, where MDA increased, also the susceptibility to B. cinerea increased, whereas MDA decreased in G. cichoracearum. Zinc excess increased susceptibility to both pathogens. Co-administration of SA positively affected MDA level, callose deposition, PDF 1.2 transcripts and plant response to the two pathogens. The increased susceptibility to B. cinerea in both Zn-deficient and Zn-excess plants could be related to lack of induction of PDF 1.2 transcripts; oxidative stress could explain higher susceptibility to the necrotroph and lower susceptibility to the biotroph in Zn-deficient plants. This research shows that an appropriate evaluation of Zn supply according to the prevalent stress factor is desirable for plants
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Redox flow battery instead of rSOC for resilient energy systems in off-grid remote areas or in non- or low interconnected islands: why not?
No full textPenetration of renewable energy plants is strongly slowed by the characteristic intermittency and fluctuating production trend, which significantly mismatches with typical users' load profiles, with negative impacts on grid stability and safety. The widespread of energy storage could mitigate these issues; rSOC and VRFB application is compared for off-grid remote areas or in non- or low interconnected ones
Agronomic potential of two different glass-based materials as novel inorganic slow-release iron fertilizers
Full text linkBACKGROUND: Large amounts of chemical fertilizers are still currently used to compensate the soil nutrients scarcity in order to increase and sustain crop yield with consequent rising of environmental pollution and health problems. To mitigate these environmental risks, fertilizers with slow-release behaviours have been developed. The aim of this study was to assess the agronomic potential of two different glass-based materials (by-products from the ceramic sector) as inorganic slow-release iron (Fe) fertilizers. RESULTS: The X-ray powder diffraction confirmed the presence of amorphous structure and the richness in Fe of the investigated materials. The solubility analysis highlighted the slow Fe release from the glassy network and that the maximum of the Fe release was at alkaline pH suggesting their potential use as slow-release Fe fertilizers, especially in calcareous soils. The pot and leaching experiments demonstrated that although the glass-based materials increased the amount of soil available Fe, we did not observe Fe leaching and plant toxicity. This fact would suggest their reliability to increase soil fertility without negative effects on the environment. CONCLUSION: The use of glass-based materials, specifically by-products from the ceramic sectors, as inorganic slow-release Fe fertilizers can be sustained. The tests performed at three different pH conditions testified the slow-release behaviour of the tested materials and underlined that the Fe release increases at alkaline environment. Therefore, the present study pointed out the glass-based materials by products from the ceramic sector as novel slow-release and environmental-friendly fertilizers in agriculture
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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