1,720,987 research outputs found
Polyurethanes having a low friction coefficient
No full textRivstimenti poliuretanici caricati con PTFE per la riduzione dell'attrito su manufatti in gomm
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Anomalous binding of MgADP to myosin of skeletal muscle
No full textBinding of adenosine diphosphate to skeletal muscle myosin was studied using a range of concentrations from 0 to 2 mM. Up to 0.2 mM adenosine diphosphate two equivalent and independent nucleotide binding sites were detected, characterized by the single association constant of 5 x 104 M-1. At greater adenosine diphosphate concentrations a decreasing binding capacity was noticed, bound nucleotide being essentially ~ 0.1 mol/mol at a 1-2 mM adenosine diphosphate concentration. We tentatively propose that nucleotides act indirectly on myosin by promoting the perturbation of the solvent, which is supported by the fact that polyphosphates are known powerful kosmotropes
Prenatal attachment and perinatal depression: A systematic review
No full textPregnancy is a period of complex bio-psychological changes, during which the development of an attachment bond to the fetus takes on a central role. Depressive symptoms are common during this period. Both symptoms of depression and low levels of prenatal attachment are related to negative outcomes in caregivers and infants. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement, this systematic review analyzes and systematizes 41 studies concerning the association between prenatal attachment and perinatal depression. The majority of the studies reported a significant association between the two. Specifically, prenatal depressive symptoms were found to be negatively associated with prenatal attachment. Furthermore, lower levels of prenatal attachment were related to higher postnatal depressive symptoms, although fewer studies assessed this association. While these results were found across different populations, conflicting findings emerged, suggesting they should be interpreted with caution, particularly in male samples and in non-normative pregnancies (e.g., highrisk pregnancies, medically assisted pregnancies, and pregnancies with previous perinatal losses). These results are clinically important for the perinatal screening process and for implementing preventive and treatment programs. However, future studies are needed to further confirm and generalize these results
The Impact of Intimate Partner Violence on Negative Affect: The Mediating Role of Adult Attachment
No full textIntimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a major public issue. However, data on the emotional impact of IPV is limited and the mechanisms involved are poorly explored. Accordingly, the present study aimed to assess the effect of IPV experiences on negative affect, exploring the mediating role of adult attachment (anxiety and avoidance). A total of 599 participants (Mage = 28.01; SD = 7.81) were recruited. The following self-reports were used: Conflict Tactic Scale-Short form; Experience in Close Relationships Scale; Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. Direct and indirect effect of IPV on negative affect were tested through a mediation analysis. IPV experiences resulted not directly associated with negative affect. However, an indirect relationship emerged mediated by attachment anxiety and avoidance. These findings highlight the emotional impact of IPV experiences, emphasizing the role of deactivating and hyperactivating strategies of the attachment system
The Role of Parental Mediation in Cybervictimization Among Adolescents: a Systematic Review
No full textCybervictimization is a widespread phenomenon among adolescents and can have serious psychological consequences in the cybervictim. The type of parental mediation (active mediation, restrictive mediation, co-viewing mediation) can be a risk or protective factor for this phenomenon, according to the strategy of parental mediation considered. The aim of this systematic review is to review and systematize data on the impact of parental mediation strategies on cybervictimization in adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. The present systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines. The EBSCO databases (APA PsycInfo; APA PsychArticles; Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection), PubMed, and Web of Science were consulted. A total of 16 studies were included. Active mediation tended to be negatively associated with cybervictimization, while conflicting data emerged regarding restrictive mediation: specifically, some studies showed a negative relationship between the two variables, while others indicated a positive relationship. The other parental mediation strategies examined in the literature tend not to be associated with cybervictimization. The results support the influence of parental mediation strategies on cybervictimization. This systematic review shows that parental mediation may be a risk or protective factor for the phenomenon, depending on the strategy chosen by parents. Although further studies are needed, the results emphasize the usefulness of family support interventions aimed at promoting conscious and functional use of technology and social media
The Relationship Between Sexism, Affective States, and Attitudes Toward Homosexuality in a Sample of Heterosexual Italian People
No full textBackground: Research within the Italian context on the determinants of attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women is relatively poor compared with the large number of investigations carried out in other countries. Our goal is to examine Italians’ attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women, as well as the factors that encourage these perspectives. We are interested in whether socio-demographic characteristics such as gender, age, education level, and religiosity predict negative attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women. Another goal is to examine affectivity and sexism’s role in predicting attitudes toward homosexuality. Methods: The study was conducted online with 1328 Italian heterosexual participants (women, 67.3%; men, 32.7%) ranging in age from 18 to 78 (women: M = 23.9, SD = 5.2; men: M = 26, SD = 8.9). Results: The results show that men, older people, more religious people, sexists, and those who had higher negative affectivity were more predisposed to having negative attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women. Conclusions: The results are discussed, while considering their practical implications for prevention and education programs focused on reducing discrimination against lesbian and gay people in Italian society today
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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