1,720,958 research outputs found
Decline of physical activity level from childhood to adolescence
No full textI livelli di attività fisica sono indicatori di salute nell'età evolutiva. Si presentano i risultati di uno studio trasversale ( N=510) compiuto nella scuola primaria (N=212) e secondaria di primo grado (N=298), attraverso il questionario PAQ_C, in cui si evidenzia un declino dei livelli di attività fisica abituale
Educazione Fisica nella scuola primaria. Interventi per la promozione degli stili di vita fisicamente attivi.
No full textL'Educazione fisica nella scuola primaria è parte integrante del processo educativo della persona. I livelli di attività fisica destrutturata diminuiscono con l'età e la scuola è il contesto privilegiato per promuovere stili di vita fisicamente attivi e corrette abitudini alimentari. L'insegnamento dell'educazione fisica è svolto da insegnanti generalisti ma è richiesta la presenza congiunta di insegnanti specialisti. Tra gli interventi svolti a scuola finalizzati alla promozione della salute in Puglia è in corso di svolgimento il programma triennale "SBAM" che integra tre percorsi: l'attività fisica, le abitudini alimentari e la mobilità urbana sostenibile (trasporto attivo). Ogni scuola aderente al progetto deve gestire e coordinare la presenza di Docenti specialisti esterni in cui l'educazione fisica è una misura principale ed ineludibile
Decline of physical activity level from childhood to adolescence
No full textVarious studies have confirmed that physical activity during childhood and adolescence is associated with benefits to the health of children and adolescents, including decreased adiposity, improved cardiovascular fitness, prevention of the metabolic syndrome .Physical education and sport in schools has a fundamental role: is an essential component of the educational process of the student, promotes the development of perceived competence and enjoyment that are mediating factors to increase levels of physical activity and promote the development of relations between the areas of motor, cognitive, emotional-affective and social of the person.The transition from childhood to adolescence marks the beginning of a period of great vulnerability and the children who have a low perception of competence will continue to have it even during the later ages with low of physical activity levels. The study aims to verify the following hypotheses: a. the group of children and young people of normal weight (Nw) showed higher of physical activity levels compared to the group in terms of overweight-obesity (Ow-Ob), regardless of the gender differences; b. during the transition from primary school to middle school, there is a decline in physical activity levels.
The aim of this study is to compare the differences in physical activity levels, of a sample divided by gender, age and into two groups, according to BMI (Nw vs Ow-Ob) and the age (8-10 vs. 11-13).
Methods. The self-report PAQ_C - Physical activity questionnaire for children – has been proposed to a sample of 212 primary school children (age: F 9.52±0.59; M 9.79±0.52) and to a sample 298 boys and girls of middle school (age: F 11.9±0.9; M 12±0,99) of the Apulia Region.
The sample was divided according to gender differences and group, normal weight (Nw) and overweight-obese (Ob-Ow), according with cutt off of Cole The results confirm previous evidence on changes in physical activity levels during the transition from primary school to middle school and that BMI is a factor that increases these differences.
The studies on the monitoring of physical activity levels of children and young people seek interdisciplinary approaches to implement interventions at national and local level, according to the inferred directions organizational context, for interbreed the results with other information about motor development, psychological, social
Effect of precedine inspiratory speed and end-inspiratory on forced expiratory manoeuvre in healthy subjects and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.
No full textBackground: Lower peak expiratory flow (PEF) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1 ) have been consistently found after slow inspiration with end-inspiratory pause (EIP). Objectives: It was the aim of this study to establish the respective influence of the speed of preceding inspiration (SPI) and EIP on the parameters obtained from the following expiratory forced vital capacity (FVC) manoeuvre. Methods: In 8
healthy subjects and 12 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a number of inspirations with different SPI and EIP were performed. In the subsequent FVC manoeuvre, maximal expiratory flows, including PEF, and maximal expired volumes at different times, including FEV 1 , were measured. For each FVC manoeuvre, peak expiratory time, expired volume at PEF (as % of FVC), flow limitation by the negative expiratory pressure technique and FVC were checked to be sure of achieving a similar expiratory effort and starting inflation lung volume. Results: The highest values of PEF and FEV 1 were found in normal subjects and COPD patients after fastest SPI without EIP (p ! 0.001). In normal subjects, no significant PEF and FEV 1 changes during FVC manoeuvre were observed with different SPI, in the absence of EIP. In contrast, inspirations with slower SPI (inspiratory time 1 2 s) without EIP were followed by lower PEF in COPD patients (p ! 0.05). As compared with inspirations without EIP, those with a presence of EIP were invariably followed by lower PEF and FEV 1 , both in normal subjects and in COPD
patients (p ! 0.05). Conclusions: The effect of SPI on subsequent PEF and FEV 1 is irrelevant in healthy subjects as well as in COPD patients, unless SPI is too slow (inspiratory time 1 2 s), while any EIP decreases these indices in all individuals
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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