1,721,021 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Étude des débris plastiques et des fibres anthropiques lors d’évènements transitoires : épisodes pluvieux en milieu urbain et dynamique de crue
No full textPlastics are an important environmental issue. These debris range from macroplastics to microplastics. Moreover, anthropogenic fibers were identified in different environmental compartments. The urban environment represents a major source for this pollution.This thesis presents new data regarding plastic waste and anthropogenic fibers in the Seine river basin as well as in Greater Paris during transitory events. Firstly, methodological questions were addressed regarding the digestion protocols for fibers analyses. Then, inter and intra event variability of the macro and microplastic concentrations in stormwater of Greater Paris were assessed. The 2018 flood event and the urbanization gradient impact on the microplastic concentration in the Seine river basin were also evaluated. Finally, plastic waste and anthropogenic fibers fluxes were estimated in Greater Paris and in the Seine River.To address the first question, the impact of five commonly used digestion protocols on the seven most produced fibers in traditional textile were studied. 10% KOH 60 °C and 30% H2O2 40°C protocols should be avoided for synthetic fibers analyses. Diluted NaClO at room temperature for 15 h, 10% KOH at 40 °C for 24 h and Fenton's reagent are more appropriate to maintain fibers integrity.The second question was addressed by studying the occurrence, abundance, and composition of the macrolitter, microplastics and anthropogenic fibers from stormwater at a small residential suburban catchment (Sucy-en-Brie, France) in Greater Paris for one year (macroplastics) and for four rain events (microplastics). For this sampling site, macroplastics and microplastics have the same order of magnitude. When extrapolated to the Greater Paris area, the estimated amount of macroplastic debris discarded into the environment through untreated stormwater of separate sewer systems ranges from 8 to 33 tons yr-1, while microplastic and anthropogenic fiber fluxes ranges from 3 to 48 tons yr-1 and from 0.3 to 0.8 tons yr-1.Finally, fiber and microplastic concentrations, size and polymer distributions, and mass fluxes were evaluated in the Seine river during contrasted hydrological conditions: low flow conditions versus a flood event. The median fiber and microplastic concentrations is 2.6 and 15.5 items/L with an interquartile range of 1.6 and 4.9 items/L (n=10), respectively. High flowrates did not significantly change the concentrations. However, microplastic mass fluxes are strongly impacted by the high flowrates during the flood. Fiber and microplastic fluxes show an increasing gradient from upstream to downstream. The flood event, which lasted 52 days (approximately 15% of the year), contributed to 40% of the annual microplastic flux in the Seine river. These events strongly contribute to these fluxes.Plastic mass fluxes in urban compartments and freshwater systems are still sparse. This PhD contributes to the estimation of these fluxes by providing new insights on the role of transitory eventsLa présence de débris plastiques, qu’il s’agisse de macrodéchets, de microplastiques ou de fibres, est reconnue aujourd’hui à l’échelle planétaire comme un enjeu environnemental majeur. Par les activités et les populations qu’il concentre, le milieu urbain est considéré comme une source majeure de pollution plastique. Cette thèse apporte un éclairage nouveau sur les évènements transitoires en milieu urbain et dans les eaux continentales. Elle présente de nouvelles données concernant les déchets plastiques et les fibres anthropiques dans le bassin de la Seine ainsi que dans le Grand Paris. Sur le plan analytique, elle a permis d’identifier les protocoles de préparation des échantillons les plus adaptés pour les fibres anthropiques, définies comme l’ensemble des fibres utilisées par l’Homme et qui sont rejetées in fine dans l’environnement. Sur le plan environnemental, ces travaux se sont attachés à analyser les variabilités temporelles des flux de plastiques à l’aval d’un bassin versant à l’échelle de l’évènement pluvieux, et sur la Seine à analyser cette même variabilité lors d’un épisode de crue (janvier 2018).Pour répondre à la première question, cinq protocoles de digestion de la matière organique couramment utilisés dans la littérature, ont été testés sur les sept types de fibres les plus produits dans le monde. Les protocoles KOH 10% à 60 °C et H2O2 30% à 40°C devraient être évités pour l’analyse des fibres. NaClO dilué à température ambiante pendant 15 h, et KOH à 10% à 40 °C pendant 24 h et la réaction de Fenton permettent de maintenir l'intégrité de ces fibres. La deuxième question a été abordée en étudiant l'abondance et la composition des macroplastiques, des microplastiques et des fibres anthropiques dans les eaux pluviales d'un bassin versant résidentiel péri-urbain (Sucy-en-Brie, France) du Grand Paris sur un an (macroplastiques) et 4 évènements pluvieux (fibres et microplastiques). Pour ce site, les concentrations en macroplastiques et microplastiques dans les eaux pluviales sont du même ordre de grandeur. En extrapolant à l'échelle de l'agglomération parisienne, la quantité estimée de débris macroplastiques rejetés dans l'environnement par les réseaux séparatifs varie de 8 à 33 tonnes.an-1, tandis que les flux de microplastiques et de fibres anthropiques varient respectivement de 3 à 48 tonnes.an-1 et de 0,3 à 0,8 tonne.an-1.Enfin, les concentrations de fibres et de microplastiques, la distribution de tailles et des polymères, et les flux massiques ont été évalués dans la Seine lors de conditions hydrologiques contrastées : en étiage et en crue. Les concentrations médianes de fibres et de microplastiques sont de 2,6 et 15,5 items/L et la crue ne les modifie pas de manière significative. La crue de janvier 2018, qui a duré 52 jours, soit environ 15% de l’année, a contribué à hauteur de 40% du flux annuel de microplastiques dans la Seine. La confrontation des différentes données en vue d’établir des flux à l’échelle de l’agglomération mais aussi à l’échelle du bassin versant de la Seine démontre toute la complexité d’aborder cette pollution de manière systémique. Les données de flux massiques de plastiques dans les compartiments urbains et dans les eaux de surface sont encore trop rares pour pouvoir être utilisés de manière opérationnelle à grande échelle. Cette thèse contribue à l'estimation de ces flux en fournissant de nouvelles informations sur le rôle des événements transitoire
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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