1,720,988 research outputs found
Toward a virtual material for the optimisation of a new ceramic-matrix composite family
No full textCes travaux portent sur le développement d’un matériau virtuel pour la simulation et l’optimisation des matériaux à microstructure hétérogène, en particulier des composites à matrice céramique de nouvelle génération. Pour ce faire une modélisation du fil est mise en place, au travers d’une démarche intégrée qui prend en compte la complexité de la microstructure et de sa variabilité issues du procédé de fabrication. La démarche proposée repose sur deux étapes : i) la construction d’une morphologie synthétique du fil, basée sur l’étude de micrographies et ii) une méthode de simulation multiéchelle inspirée de la méthode des éléments finis généralisée. L’originalité de cette dernière provient de l’utilisation de motifs, sorte de situations physiques ou topologiques élémentaires, pour décrire à la fois la microstructure et la cinématique locale. La démarche est validée et appliquée à diverses sections de fil synthétiques 2D, pour lesquelles le choix des motifs est discuté. L’extension au traitement de tronçon 3D du fil, ainsi qu’à la simulation de la fissuration à l’aide d’une méthode discrète est discutée et des premiers éléments de réponse sont apportés.The thesis work focus on the development of a virtual material for heterogeneous materials simulation and optimization, especially in the case of now generation of ceramic-matrix composites. To do that, a model at the scale of the yarn is built up, by using an integrated approach that account for the complexity of the microstructure and its variability arising from the manufacturing process. This approach is made of two steps: i) the construction of a synthetic yarn, using micrographics studies and ii) a multiscale approach based on the generalized finites elements method. The originality of that method come from the use of pattern, sort of typical physical or topological situation, that describe both the local structure and kinematic. The approach is validated and applied to various 2D cross-sections of synthetic yarns, for which the choice of patterns is discussed. Extension to 3D section of the yarn, together with the simulation of the fracture in a discrete manner, is discussed and first elements of answer are proposed
Development of a meso-scale model for laminate composite into ABAQUS/Explicit (Diplom bzw. Masterarbeit)
No full textThis report presents an efficient model, so-called meso-model, developed in LMT Cachan for the past fifteen years. It has been implemented within a VUMAT to be used within ABAQUS/explicit. Two VUMAT have been developed, one to describe fabric in-ply behavior and another one to describe uni-directionnal ply behavior
Vers un matériau virtuel pour l’optimisation qualitative d’une nouvelle famille de CMCs
No full textThe thesis work focus on the development of a virtual material for heterogeneous materials simulation and optimization, especially in the case of now generation of ceramic-matrix composites. To do that, a model at the scale of the yarn is built up, by using an integrated approach that account for the complexity of the microstructure and its variability arising from the manufacturing process. This approach is made of two steps: i) the construction of a synthetic yarn, using micrographics studies and ii) a multiscale approach based on the generalized finites elements method. The originality of that method come from the use of pattern, sort of typical physical or topological situation, that describe both the local structure and kinematic. The approach is validated and applied to various 2D cross-sections of synthetic yarns, for which the choice of patterns is discussed. Extension to 3D section of the yarn, together with the simulation of the fracture in a discrete manner, is discussed and first elements of answer are proposed.Ces travaux portent sur le développement d’un matériau virtuel pour la simulation et l’optimisation des matériaux à microstructure hétérogène, en particulier des composites à matrice céramique de nouvelle génération. Pour ce faire une modélisation du fil est mise en place, au travers d’une démarche intégrée qui prend en compte la complexité de la microstructure et de sa variabilité issues du procédé de fabrication. La démarche proposée repose sur deux étapes : i) la construction d’une morphologie synthétique du fil, basée sur l’étude de micrographies et ii) une méthode de simulation multiéchelle inspirée de la méthode des éléments finis généralisée. L’originalité de cette dernière provient de l’utilisation de motifs, sorte de situations physiques ou topologiques élémentaires, pour décrire à la fois la microstructure et la cinématique locale. La démarche est validée et appliquée à diverses sections de fil synthétiques 2D, pour lesquelles le choix des motifs est discuté. L’extension au traitement de tronçon 3D du fil, ainsi qu’à la simulation de la fissuration à l’aide d’une méthode discrète est discutée et des premiers éléments de réponse sont apportés
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Vers un matériau virtuel pour l'optimisation qualitative d'une nouvelle famille de CMCs
No full textCes travaux portent sur le développement d un matériau virtuel pour la simulation et l optimisation des matériaux à microstructure hétérogène, en particulier des composites à matrice céramique de nouvelle génération. Pour ce faire une modélisation du fil est mise en place, au travers d une démarche intégrée qui prend en compte la complexité de la microstructure et de sa variabilité issues du procédé de fabrication. La démarche proposée repose sur deux étapes : i) la construction d une morphologie synthétique du fil, basée sur l étude de micrographies et ii) une méthode de simulation multiéchelle inspirée de la méthode des éléments finis généralisée. L originalité de cette dernière provient de l utilisation de motifs, sorte de situations physiques ou topologiques élémentaires, pour décrire à la fois la microstructure et la cinématique locale. La démarche est validée et appliquée à diverses sections de fil synthétiques 2D, pour lesquelles le choix des motifs est discuté. L extension au traitement de tronçon 3D du fil, ainsi qu à la simulation de la fissuration à l aide d une méthode discrète est discutée et des premiers éléments de réponse sont apportés.The thesis work focus on the development of a virtual material for heterogeneous materials simulation and optimization, especially in the case of now generation of ceramic-matrix composites. To do that, a model at the scale of the yarn is built up, by using an integrated approach that account for the complexity of the microstructure and its variability arising from the manufacturing process. This approach is made of two steps: i) the construction of a synthetic yarn, using micrographics studies and ii) a multiscale approach based on the generalized finites elements method. The originality of that method come from the use of pattern, sort of typical physical or topological situation, that describe both the local structure and kinematic. The approach is validated and applied to various 2D cross-sections of synthetic yarns, for which the choice of patterns is discussed. Extension to 3D section of the yarn, together with the simulation of the fracture in a discrete manner, is discussed and first elements of answer are proposed.CACHAN-ENS (940162301) / SudocSudocFranceF
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