25 research outputs found
Cognitive impairment in long-COVID
No full textBackground – Long Covid is a complex
condition characterised by symptoms that
persist for weeks and months after the
Covid infection, accompanied by cognitive
impairment that negatively affects daily life.
Understanding this complex condition is
important for the development of diagnostic
and therapeutic strategies.
Purpose – This article aims to provide a
comprehensive overview of cognitive impairment in long-COVID, including its definition,
symptoms, pathophysiology, risk factors,
assessment tools, imaging abnormalities, potential biomarkers, management strategies,
long-term outcomes, and future directions
for research.
Methods – The search methodology used in
this review aimed to include a wide range of
research on cognitive impairment related to
both COVID-19 and long-COVID. Systematic
searches of PubMed and Google Scholar
databases were conducted using a mixture
of MeSH terms and keywords including
‘cognition’, ‘cognitive impairment’, ‘brain fog’,
‘COVID-19’ and ‘long-COVID’. The search was
restricted to studies published in English between 1 January 2019 and 11 February 2024,
which presented findings on neurological
manifestations in human participants.
Results – Long-COVID is characterized by
persistent symptoms following COVID-19
infection, with cognitive impairment being a
prominent feature. Symptoms include brain
fog, difficulties with concentration, memory
issues, and executive function deficits.
Pathophysiological mechanisms involve
viral persistence, immune responses, and
vascular damage. Risk factors include age,
pre-existing conditions, and disease severity. Cognitive assessment tools such as
the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
are essential for diagnosis. Imaging studies, including MRI, PET, and SPECT, reveal structural and functional brain alterations. Potential biomarkers include C-reactive protein,
interleukin-6, and neuron-specific enolase.
Management strategies encompass cognitive
rehabilitation, occupational therapy, medications, and lifestyle modifications.
Discussion – Long-COVID poses a multifaceted challenge, and cognitive impairment
significantly impacts patients’ lives. A multidisciplinary approach, including cognitive
rehabilitation and medication when appropriate, is essential for effective management.
Future research should focus on validating
biomarkers and understanding long-term
cognitive outcomes.
Conclusion – Long-COVID is a global health
concern, and cognitive impairment is a
distressing symptom. While pharmacological
interventions have potential, they require
careful consideration. Continued research
is crucial for improving the understanding
and treatment of cognitive impairment in
long-COVID
The investigation of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor genotyping in patients with systemic lupus erytematosus and systemic sclerosis
No full textSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterised by the production of autoantibodies and the involvement of multiple organ systems. Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is another autoimmune disease that causes fibrosis. We will aim to analyse the role of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genotypes and their existence with the respective HLA ligands in patients with SLE and SSc. Forty-five SLE, 25 SSc and 40 healthy controls were included. We examined the presence/absence of KIR2DL1, 2DL2, 2DL3, 2DL4, 2DL5A, 2DL5B, 2DS1, 2DS1, 2DS2, 2DS3, 2DS4, 2DS5, 3DL1, 3DL2, 3DL3, 3DS1, 2DP1, 3DP1 and their known HLA ligands. In the SLE group, the KIR2DL5, KIR2DL5B and KIR2DS3 genes were significantly more frequent, and KIR2DL3 gene was significantly less than in controls (p values < 0.05). In SSc patients, the KIR2DS3 gene was more frequent than in controls (p = 0.032). The KIR2DL3 gene was detected more frequently in controls while KIR2DS3 gene was more frequent in the patient group when SLE and SSc patients were combined (p values < 0.05). The KIR2DS2/HLA-C and KIR2DS2/HLA-C combinations were significantly more in both SLE and SSc groups than in controls. The KIR2DL2 and KIR2DL5B genes were protective from neurologic involvement in SLE patients (p values < 0.05). The variations of some KIR genes such as KIR2DL5, KIR2DL5B, KIR2DS3 and KIR2DL3 may have a role in the pathogenesis of SLE and SSc. Also, the presence of KIR2DL2 and KIR2DL5B may cause major organ involvement, like neurologic involvement, in SLE.Scientific And Technological Research Council Of Turkey (TUBITAK) 3501-Career Development Program [111S153]This study was supported by grants from The Scientific And Technological Research Council Of Turkey (TUBITAK) 3501-Career Development Program (Project number: 111S153). The authors acknowledge Dr. Canpolat Polat for his translational and linguistic assistance
Beliefs about foreign language learning among students training to teach english as a foreign language
No full textTeachers' beliefs and theoretical knowledge have important effects on their classroom practice and teaching methodology. As trainee teachers' beliefs are critical to their professional development, and ultimately to their learners' improvement, an investigation of the language learning beliefs of trainee English as a foreign language teachers is particularly important. In keeping with this idea, the author examined the key beliefs trainee teachers held relating to language learning during their period of training. Although a few developmental changes were found over the period of training, the overall responses of the trainee teachers remained the same throughout the years of training in most of the beliefs researched. © Society for Personality Research
PECAM-1 GENE Polymorphisms and Soluble PECAM-1 LEVEL in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic LUPUS Erythematosus Patients Is There a Link with Clinical Atherosclerotic Events?
No full text78th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Rheumatology (ACR) / 49th Meeting of the Association-of-Rheumatology-Health-Professionals (ARHP) -- NOV 14-19, 2014 -- Boston, MA[Abstract Not Available]Amer Coll Rheumatol,Assoc Rheumatol Hlth Profes
CASP10, LEF1, BCL2 genes are hypomethylated and CDKN2B is hypermethylated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
No full text[Abstract Not Available
Distribution of killer immunoglobulin-like receptor 3DL1/3DS1 alelles in Behcet's disease
No full textNatural killer cell killer immunoglobulin-like gene receptor polymorphisms in non-Hodgkin lymphoma: possible association with clinical course
No full textNatural killer (NK) cell killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) contribute to the pathogenesis of many diseases. We determined the association between polymorphisms of KIR and their ligands and susceptibility to non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), clinical features and prognosis. We included 90 patients with NHL and 94 controls. In the NHL group, KIR2DS1, HLA-Bw4 (Thr80) and HLA-Bw4 (Thr80)+/Bw4 (Iso80)- ligands were significantly more frequent. Patients with early-stage NHL had more frequent KIR2DL5 and KIR2DL5B than patients with advanced-stage NHL. During a median follow-up of 27 months, 26 patients with NHL died. Poor prognostic factors in univariate analysis were KIR2DL5A, KIR2DS1 and KIR3DS1 genotypes. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, advanced age and early relapse were poor prognostic factors. KIR genes and ligands had no significant effect on survival. The activating KIR2DS1 gene might activate NK cells, contributing to the production of more lymphoma cells. In addition, KIR2DS1, KIR2DL5A and KIR3DS1 might also be associated with a poor prognosis in NHL.Trakya University Scientific Research Fund (TUBAP), Edirne, TurkeyThis study was funded by the Trakya University Scientific Research Fund (TUBAP), Edirne, Turkey
BLK pathway-associated rs13277113 GA genotype is more frequent in SLE patients and associated with low gene expression and increased flares
No full textWe aimed to evaluate the relationship between some important genetic variations and expressions of these genes in our SLE population. We also determined their association with clinical parameters. Eighty-four SLE patients (79 F, 5 M) and 105 healthy controls (98 F, 7 M) were included in the study. rs13277113, rs2736340, rs7829816, rs6983130, rs2613310, and rs704853 polymorphisms, gene expressions of Src family kinases (Blk, Hck, Lck, and Lyn), and Syk kinases (Syk, ZAP70) were studied by real-time PCR. The heterozygous genotypic pattern (GA) for rs13277113 polymorphism was more frequent in patients with SLE when compared to that in controls (48.8 vs. 31.4%, p = 0.035). Other genotype variants were similar in SLE patients and controls. In the SLE group, the heterozygous genotype for rs13277113 was significantly less frequent in active SLE patients (58.8 vs. 26.7%, p = 0.01). SLE flares according to the SELENA-SLEDAI flare index were significantly more frequent in GA (rs13277113) (70 vs. 37%) and CT (rs2736340) genotypes (66.7 vs. 35.2%) than those in other genotypes (p values < 0.01). The relative expression of Blk gene was significantly decreased in the SLE group as compared to that in controls (0.52 times, 95%CI 0.19-0.85). The gene expressions of Blk and ZAP70 were significantly lower in SLE patients who had flares according to the SELENA-SLEDAI flare index when compared to those in others (p values 0.01 and 0.017). We observed more frequent heterozygous GA genotypic pattern (rs13277113) in our SLE patients compared to that in controls; and it was associated with disease flares. Blk gene expression in SLE was lower, especially in relapsing patients.Trakya University Scientific Research Fund (TUBAP)This study was supported by the Trakya University Scientific Research Fund (TUBAP)
BLK Pathway-Associated rs13277113 GA Genotype Is More Frequent in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients and Associated with Low Gene Expression and Increased Flares
No full textAnnual Meeting of the American-College-of-Rheumatology (ACR) and Association-of-Rheumatology-Health-Professionals (ARHP) -- NOV 06-11, 2015 -- San Francisco, CA[Abstract Not Available]Amer Coll Rheumatol,Assoc Rheumatol Hlth Profes
Contribution of Targeted Next Generation Sequencing to Clinical Diagnosis in Myeloid Malignancies: A Single Centre Experience
No full text[Abtsract Not Available
