1,720,959 research outputs found
Defending the Sky: A Historical Analysis of Israeli Drone Use, 1971-2014
Full text linkThis article analyses the history of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) operations by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), illustrating the pivotal role of drones from their initial deployment in the 1970s to their sophisticated employment in irregular warfare by 2014. Such an examination allows evaluation of the effectiveness of UAV missions in a variety of scenarios and the extent to which they provide a solution to the strategic threats that Israel faces
Shrader\u27s The Muslim-Croat Civil War in Central Bosnia – A Military History, 1992-1994 - Book Review
Full text linkManifestations of the Egyptian Army’s Actions in the US Army’s 1976 Edition of FM 100-5 Operations
No full textMany studies emphasize the contributions of the lessons gleaned from the IDF actions in the Yom Kippur War in shaping the 1976 edition. This paper adds another aspect to these claims. The 1976 edition clearly reveals that the doctrine sanctified defense over offense and firepower over maneuvering. This was not how the IDF operated; even in strategic-level defensive battles (especially in the Golan Heights); it adhered to tactical and micro-tactical offenses. Furthermore, on October 8 the IDF set out on two multi-divisionary counterattacks, the first of which (Sinai) failed while the second (Golan Heights) succeeded. With this in mind, this paper will claim that it was in fact the Egyptian model that set a better example from which to learn and implement in the Central European arena. The analysis of the Egyptian model in contrast with the characteristics of the 1976 edition will stand at the core of this paper. In other words, we shall analyze how the Egyptian war plans (up to October 14) execution had manifested in American doctrine
The Theoretical Aspect of Targeted Killings: The Phoenix Program as a Case Study
No full textOne of the measures employed in the war against guerrilla warfare and terrorism is the targeted killing, with the main aim of directly attacking the higher-ranking (both military leaders and political cadres) activists of the guerrilla or terror organizations and refraining, as far as possible, from injuring innocent citizens.
This article has two purposes. The first is to examine the military theory that supports the mechanism for this kind of activity. The second is to explain the essential nature of targeted killings as an operational tool, on both the strategic and tactical levels, in the war against guerrilla warfare and terrorism. By this we can ask how the theories that stand behind the war against guerrilla or terrorism had an influence on the targeted killings. Therefore we need to see the targeted killing as a warfare model of counterterrorism and not as a criminal action
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Militia or Regular Army?
Full text link1. IntroductionDuring the period from the end of the war with Britain until the confirmation of the Constitution (1783-1787), a fierce political struggle took place in the United States regarding the nature of the government in the new political entity that had just been formed. Besides the discussion about the political, economic, juridical and social powers of the government, there was also a discussion on the questions regarding the position, nature and perception of the army. When the Ame..
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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