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Aspect et pluralité d’événements
No full textLa notion de pluralité dans le domaine des évenances (pour rendre l’anglais "eventualities", qui désigne à la fois les événements et les états) peut se décliner de plusieurs manières et s'exprimer par plusieurs moyens. Certains de ces moyens, par exemple la réduplication d’une partie du mot, sont aussi employés comme marqueurs aspectuels affectant la constitution temporelle des évenances. Dans ce numéro les auteurs souhaitent offrir une vue générale de la question en sélectionnant un certain nombre de facettes. Langues traitées : Le français, l’anglais, l’italien, l’hébreu, l’arabe, le chinois, le squamish (dialecte de Colombie britannique)
The ELICO database of linguistic evidence for the synchronic and diachronic study of French determiners
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THE MEANING AND (A BIT OF)THE HISTORY OF quelque
No full textIn this chapter, we pursue the hypothesis that quelque is an indefinite that relies on inference and ignorance, elaborating on our previous work. The form quelque N P, in which P is a property, means that the existence of an entity of type N satisfying P is a piece of information at which the epistemic agent got by inference (evidential aspect) and that the exact identity of such an entity remains unknown (epistemic aspect). The main points discussed are the following. Intuitively, quelque may seem to belong to the group of free choice determiners, together with n'importe quel and un quelconque . We show that such an association is plausible, provided one includes the evidential aspect. Moreover, we propose that the limited tolerance of quelque to occurring in the immediate scope of nega- tion should be analysed as a manifestation of its inner semantic organisation, composed of a main content--constituted by an existential value typical of indefinites--and a conven- tional implicature--constituted by its inferential and epistemic values. This analysis leads us to set aside a characterisation of quelque as positive polarity item, which would be an ad hoc stipulation. Finally, we set up some lines of analysis concerning the origin and the development of quelque . This gives us the opportunity to identify several important issues, among which we can recall the question of whether the concessive use is a byproduct of the ignorance component or the reverse, and the question of whether and how to reconcile the concessive meaning with the existential interpretation
Les adverbes zài du chinois mandarin et encore dans le système temporel de Reichenbach [Mandarin Chinese adverb ZÀI and French ENCORE in Reichenbach 's temporal system]
No full textThe paper presents a semantic analysis of Mandarin Chinese adverb zài, which is analysed as a repetitive adverb restricted to the repetition of prospective events and compared to the French repetitive adverb encore. The present study follows in this sense the direction indicated by Renaud & Luo (1987) and develops an analysis of the interaction of the two adverbs with the temporal information conveyed by the sentence and of the constraints imposed by the aspectual system in the two languages. The formal description relies on the definition of event repetition given by Donazzan (2008) ; Tovena et Donazzan (2008), and on the formal representation of Reichenbach's temporal system by means of Delannoy generalized lattices first applied to the temporal domain by Schwer (2007).Ce travail étudie les propriétés sémantiques de l'adverbe zài du chinois mandarin, que nous analysons comme un adverbe de répétition restreint aux événements prospectifs par rapport au temps d'évaluation, et comparons avec l'adverbe encore du français, en reprenant l'analyse de Renaud et Luo (1987). Un examen détaillé des contraintes imposées par le système aspectuel des deux langues nous permet d'analyser les interactions de ces deux adverbes avec l'information temporelle véhiculée par la phrase. Notre description formelle s'appuie sur la caractérisation des différentes formes d'itération produites par les adverbes répétitifs, proposée par Donazzan (2008) ; Tovena et Donazzan (2008), et sur la représentation du modèle reichenbachien des temps verbaux sous forme de treillis de Delannoy généralisés, présentée par Autebert et Schwer (2003), et appliquée par Schwer (2007) à l'étude des temps verbaux.Donazzan Marta, Schwer Sylviane, Tovena Lucia. Les adverbes zài du chinois mandarin et encore dans le système temporel de Reichenbach [Mandarin Chinese adverb ZÀI and French ENCORE in Reichenbach 's temporal system]. In: Cahiers de linguistique - Asie orientale, vol. 39 2, 2010. pp. 157-211
THE MEANING AND (A BIT OF)THE HISTORY OF quelque
No full textIn this chapter, we pursue the hypothesis that quelque is an indefinite that relies on inference and ignorance, elaborating on our previous work. The form quelque N P, in which P is a property, means that the existence of an entity of type N satisfying P is a piece of information at which the epistemic agent got by inference (evidential aspect) and that the exact identity of such an entity remains unknown (epistemic aspect). The main points discussed are the following. Intuitively, quelque may seem to belong to the group of free choice determiners, together with n'importe quel and un quelconque . We show that such an association is plausible, provided one includes the evidential aspect. Moreover, we propose that the limited tolerance of quelque to occurring in the immediate scope of nega- tion should be analysed as a manifestation of its inner semantic organisation, composed of a main content--constituted by an existential value typical of indefinites--and a conven- tional implicature--constituted by its inferential and epistemic values. This analysis leads us to set aside a characterisation of quelque as positive polarity item, which would be an ad hoc stipulation. Finally, we set up some lines of analysis concerning the origin and the development of quelque . This gives us the opportunity to identify several important issues, among which we can recall the question of whether the concessive use is a byproduct of the ignorance component or the reverse, and the question of whether and how to reconcile the concessive meaning with the existential interpretation
Les adverbes zài du chinois mandarin et encore dans le système temporel de Reichenbach [Mandarin Chinese adverb ZÀI and French ENCORE in Reichenbach 's temporal system]
No full textThe paper presents a semantic analysis of Mandarin Chinese adverb zài, which is analysed as a repetitive adverb restricted to the repetition of prospective events and compared to the French repetitive adverb encore. The present study follows in this sense the direction indicated by Renaud & Luo (1987) and develops an analysis of the interaction of the two adverbs with the temporal information conveyed by the sentence and of the constraints imposed by the aspectual system in the two languages. The formal description relies on the definition of event repetition given by Donazzan (2008) ; Tovena et Donazzan (2008), and on the formal representation of Reichenbach's temporal system by means of Delannoy generalized lattices first applied to the temporal domain by Schwer (2007).Ce travail étudie les propriétés sémantiques de l'adverbe zài du chinois mandarin, que nous analysons comme un adverbe de répétition restreint aux événements prospectifs par rapport au temps d'évaluation, et comparons avec l'adverbe encore du français, en reprenant l'analyse de Renaud et Luo (1987). Un examen détaillé des contraintes imposées par le système aspectuel des deux langues nous permet d'analyser les interactions de ces deux adverbes avec l'information temporelle véhiculée par la phrase. Notre description formelle s'appuie sur la caractérisation des différentes formes d'itération produites par les adverbes répétitifs, proposée par Donazzan (2008) ; Tovena et Donazzan (2008), et sur la représentation du modèle reichenbachien des temps verbaux sous forme de treillis de Delannoy généralisés, présentée par Autebert et Schwer (2003), et appliquée par Schwer (2007) à l'étude des temps verbaux.Donazzan Marta, Schwer R. Sylviane, Tovena Lucia M. Les adverbes zài du chinois mandarin et encore dans le système temporel de Reichenbach [Mandarin Chinese adverb ZÀI and French ENCORE in Reichenbach 's temporal system]. In: Cahiers de linguistique - Asie orientale, vol. 39 2, 2010. pp. 157-211
THE MEANING AND (A BIT OF)THE HISTORY OF quelque
Get PDFIn this chapter, we pursue the hypothesis that quelque is an indefinite that relies on inference and ignorance, elaborating on our previous work. The form quelque N P, in which P is a property, means that the existence of an entity of type N satisfying P is a piece of information at which the epistemic agent got by inference (evidential aspect) and that the exact identity of such an entity remains unknown (epistemic aspect). The main points discussed are the following. Intuitively, quelque may seem to belong to the group of free choice determiners, together with n'importe quel and un quelconque . We show that such an association is plausible, provided one includes the evidential aspect. Moreover, we propose that the limited tolerance of quelque to occurring in the immediate scope of nega- tion should be analysed as a manifestation of its inner semantic organisation, composed of a main content--constituted by an existential value typical of indefinites--and a conven- tional implicature--constituted by its inferential and epistemic values. This analysis leads us to set aside a characterisation of quelque as positive polarity item, which would be an ad hoc stipulation. Finally, we set up some lines of analysis concerning the origin and the development of quelque . This gives us the opportunity to identify several important issues, among which we can recall the question of whether the concessive use is a byproduct of the ignorance component or the reverse, and the question of whether and how to reconcile the concessive meaning with the existential interpretation
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