1,721,009 research outputs found
Closing Keynote
No full textPonencia presentada en las 5ª Jornadas de Análisis de la Red de Bibliotecas y Archivos del CSIC (Bibliotecas y Archivos del CSIC por la Ciencia Abierta: presente y futuro), celebradas en Madrid los días 28 y 29 de noviembre de 2019.-- Eje 3: Herramientas para el desarrollo de la Ciencia Abierta en las Bibliotecas y Archivos.N
Collaborative platforms for streamlining workflows in Open Science
Full text linkDespite the internet’s dynamic and collaborative nature, scientists continue to produce grant proposals, lab notebooks, data files, conclusions etc. that stay in static formats or are not published online and therefore not always easily accessible to the interested public. Because of limited adoption of tools that seamlessly integrate all aspects of a research project (conception, data generation, data evaluation, peer-reviewing and publishing of conclusions), much effort is later spent on reproducing or reformatting individual entities before they can be repurposed independently or as parts of articles.

We propose that workflows - performed both individually and collaboratively - could potentially become more efficient if all steps of the research cycle were coherently represented online and the underlying data were formatted, annotated and licensed for reuse. Such a system would accelerate the process of taking projects from conception to publication stages and allow for continuous updating of the data sets and their interpretation as well as their integration into other independent projects.

A major advantage of such workflows is the increased transparency, both with respect to the scientific process as to the contribution of each participant. The latter point is important from a perspective of motivation, as it enables the allocation of reputation, which creates incentives for scientists to contribute to projects. Such workflow platforms offering possibilities to fine-tune the accessibility of their content could gradually pave the path from the current static mode of research presentation into
a more coherent practice of open science
Simple Heuristics in Complex Networks: Models of Social Influence
Full text linkThe concept of heuristic decision making is adapted to dynamic influence processes in social networks. We report results of a set of simulations, in which we systematically varied: a) the agents\' strategies for contacting fellow group members and integrating collected information, and (b) features of their social environment—the distribution of members\' status, and the degree of clustering in their network. As major outcome variables, we measured the speed with which the process settled, the distributions of agents\' final preferences, and the rate with which high-status members changed their initial preferences. The impact of the agents\' decision strategies on the dynamics and outcomes of the influence process depended on features of their social environment. This held in particular true when agents contacted all of the neighbors with whom they were connected. When agents focused on high-status members and did not contact low-status neighbors, the process typically settled more quickly, yielded larger majority factions and fewer preference changes. A case study exemplifies the empirical application of the model.Decision Making; Cognition; Heuristics; Small World Networks; Social Influence; Bounded Rationality
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
6. Let a Thousand ORCIDs Bloom: Introducing the ORCID Identifier at Imperial College London
No full textORCID, the Open Researcher and Contributor ID, has found rapid uptake in the global scholarly community. Over a million authors are now registered and research funders, publishers and academic institutions are joining ORCID as members. This paper will introduce the audience to ORCID, its role in scholarly communication and research information management, and describe the experience of introducing ORCID at a research intensive university – Imperial College London.
ORCID is a not-for profit membership organisation that aims to change the way scholarly outputs are associated with authors. ORCID addresses the problem that it is frequently difficult to reliably identify an author by name. Not only do many researchers share the same name, often even in the same institution, but names can also change or are inconsistently abbreviated or misspelled. ORCID provides a unique identifier that can be used to claim authorship of a publication, data sets or other outputs such as software.
Authors benefit by increased visibility, but also through systems integration. Symplectic Elements, the system Imperial scholars use to record their outputs, can automatically claim publications when it detects a matching ORCID in the metadata. In the future, authors may no longer have to submit publication lists to funders – when relevant systems support ORCID providing the personal identifier may be enough. ORCID could also help meeting funders’ Open Access requirements, for example for the UK’s Research Excellence Framework, which requires the deposit of articles on acceptance for publication. Using ORCID, publishers could share metadata or even accepted manuscripts with the host institutions of the authors – identified through their iD. This would reduce the burden on authors and help universities to support the process and monitor compliance.
To support the academic community at Imperial and to advance the uptake of ORCID in general, Imperial College has set up a project to provide all academic staff with an iD. This was achieved in December 2014 and within less than two months some 1,200 researchers linked their iD back to Symplectic Elements. This paper will discuss ORCID in the global scholarly publication system, report on the results of the Imperial College project and outline future opportunities – in particular, how ORCID could help meeting open access requirements of the post-2014 REF.</p
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