1,721,260 research outputs found
I am an American...\u27: Whenever I open a book and see \u27Hoot, mon,\u27 I always close it immediately\u27: Constance Fenimore Woolson and Regional Humor
Get PDFCheryl Torsney discusses regionalism and local color writing in 19th century American literature. The author highlights Constance Fenimore Woolson as an exemplar of both styles, going on to discuss Woolson’s use of wit and humor in her works that also addressed issues of race and nationality. Conference paper; originally published in Wesetern Reserve Studies Symposium (15th: 2000: Cleveland, Ohio)
Estimation and optimal designing under latent variable models for paired comparisons studies via a multiplicative algorithm
Get PDFWe consider:<BR/>
1. The problem of estimating the parameters of latent variable models such as the Bradley Terry or Thurstone Model by the method of maximum likelihood, given data from a paired comparisons experiment. The parameters of these models can be taken to be weights which are positive and sum to one;<BR/>
2. The problem of determining approximate locally optimal designs for good estimation of these parameters; i.e of determining optimal design weights which are also positive and sum to one
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Presynaptic NMDA receptors modulate glutamate release from primary sensory neurons in rat spinal cord dorsal horn
No full textNMDA receptors have the potential to produce complex activity-dependent regulation of transmitter release when localized presynaptically. In the somatosensory system, NMDA receptors have been immunocytochemically detected on presynaptic terminals of primary afferents, and these have been proposed to drive release of substance P from central terminals of a subset of nociceptors in the spinal cord dorsal horn. Here we report that functional NMDA receptors are indeed present at or near the central terminals of primary afferent fibers. Furthermore, we show that activation of these presynaptic receptors results in an inhibition of glutamate release from the terminals. Some of these NMDA receptors may be expressed in the preterminal axon and regulate the extent to which action potentials invade the extensive central arborizations of primary sensory neurons
mODa 9-Advances in Model-Oriented Design and Analysis
No full textThis volume contains a substantial number of the papers presented at the mODa 9 conference in Bertinoro, Forlì, Italy, in June 2010; mODa stands for Model Oriented Data Analysis and Optimal Design. Design of experiments (DOE) is that part of statistics which provides tools for gathering data from experimentation in order to be able to draw conclusions in an efficient way.
This subject began in an agricultural context, but nowadays is applied in many areas, both in science and industry, and a principal field of application is pharmacological research. Due to increasing competition, DOE has become crucial in drug development and clinical trials. Currently an important field of application is genomic, with the need to design and analyse microarray experiments. This increased competition requires ever increasing efficiency in experimentation, thus necessitating new statistical designs.
The theory for the design of experiments has accordingly developed a variety of approaches. A model-oriented view, where some knowledge of the form of the data-generating process is assumed, naturally leads to the so-called optimum design of experiments. Standard methods of DOE are no longer adequate in drug testing and biomedical statistics and research into new
ways of planning clinical and non-clinical trials for dose-finding is
receiving keen attention. Furthermore, in recent years the use of
experimentation in engineering design has found renewed impetus through the practice of computer experiments, which has been steadily growing over the last two decades. These experiments are run on a computer code implementing a simulation model of a physical system of interest. This enables one to explore complex relationships between input and output variables. The main
advantage should be that the system becomes more "observable'' since computer runs might be expected to be easier and cheaper than measurements taken in a physical set-up. However, with very complicated models, only a relatively few simulation runs are possible and good interpolators have to be found. The need to find optimal or sub-optimal ways of integrating simulated experiments and physical ones is paramount. Leading experts on DOE have come together in the mODa group to promote new research topics, joint studies and financial support for research in DOE and related areas. In order to stimulate the necessary exchange of ideas, the MODA group organises workshops.
Previous conferences have been held on the Wartburg, then in the German Democratic Republic (1987), St Kirik Monastery, Bulgaria (1990), Petrodvorets, St Petersburg, Russia (1992), the Island of Spetses, Greece (1995), the Centre International des Rencontres Mathématiques, Marseille, France (1998), Puchberg / Schneeberg, Austria (2001), Kappellerput, Heeze, Holland (2004), and Almagro, Spain, (2007). The purpose of these workshops has traditionally been to bring together two pairs of groups: firstly scientists from the East and West of Europe with an interest in optimal design of experiments and related topics; and secondly younger and senior
researchers. Thus an implicit aim of the MODA meetings has always been to give young researchers in DOE the opportunity to establish personal contacts with leading scholars in the field. These traditions remain vital to the health of the series. In recent years Europe has seen increasing unity and the scope of MODA has expanded to countries beyond Europe, including the USA,
South Africa and India. Presentation of the work done by young researchers is very much encouraged in these workshops, either orally or by poster. The poster sessions have been developed according to a new format of one-minute introductory presentations by all, which ensures attention by the entire audience
D-optimal designs for binary and weighted linear regression models: one design variable
Get PDFD-optimality is a well-known concept in experimental design that seeks to select an optimal set of design points to estimate the unknown parameters of a statistical model with a minimum variance. In this paper, we focus on proving a conjecture made by Ford, Torsney and Wu regarding the existence of a class of D-optimal designs for binary and weighted linear regression models. Our concentration is on models with one design variable. The conjecture states that, for any given level of precision, there exists a two-level factorial design that is D-optimal for these models. To prove this conjecture, we use an intuitive approach that explores various link functions in the generalised linear model context to establish the veracity of the conjecture. We also present explicit and clear plots of various functions wherever deemed necessary and appropriate to further strengthen the proofs. Our results establish the existence of D-optimal designs for binary and weighted linear regression models with one design variable, which have important implications for the efficient design of experiments in various fields. These findings contribute to the development of optimal experimental designs for studying binary and weighted linear regression models and provide a foundation for future research in this area
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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