1,721,209 research outputs found
Enhanced multifunctional bioelectronics with integrated organic electrochemical transistor architectures
No full textThe interfacing of electronics with biology is a rapidly growing field fueled by the development of new materials and devices. Along this direction, organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are triggering increasing attention and several bioelectronic applications have been demonstrated. OECTs provide bulk volumetric ionic-electronic coupling, thus enabling the seamless integration of bioelectronic. Here, starting from the OECT fundamentals, OECT-based integrated sensor architectures for enhanced and multifunctional ionic-to-electronic transduction and amplification are presented and discussed. Then, the concepts of local transduction and amplification as well as multiscale and reconfigurable sensor operations are presented and discussed. Finally, guidelines useful for the design of high-sensitivity OECT-based integrated bioelectronic sensors are provided
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Ion buffering and interface charge enable high performance electronics with organic electrochemical transistors
No full textOrganic electrochemical transistors rely on ionic-electronic volumetric interaction to provide a seamless interface between biology and electronics with outstanding signal amplification. Despite their huge potential, further progress is limited owing to the lack of understanding of the device fundamentals. Here, we investigate organic electrochemical transistors in a wide range of experimental conditions by combining electrical analyses and device modeling. We show that the measurements can be quantitatively explained by nanoscale ionic-electronic charge interaction, giving rise to ion buffering and interface charge compensation. The investigation systematically explains and unifies a wide range of experiments, providing the rationale for the development of high-performance electronics. Unipolar inverters - universal building blocks for electronics - with gain larger than 100 are demonstrated. This is the highest gain ever reported, enabling the design of devices and circuits with enhanced performance and opening opportunities for the next-generation integrated bioelectronics and neuromorphic computing
Survey of Italian pediatricians on awareness, experiences and beliefs regarding direct-to-consumer genetic testing in minors
Full text linkBackground: Our study wanted to assess Italian pediatricians’ awareness, experience and beliefs regarding directto- consumer (DTC) genetic tests (GT) in minors, with a focus on those for predisposition to complex disease, lyfestyle, athletic ability and other inborn talents. Methods: A 28-item questionnaire was administered through the SurveyMonkey® web platform to the 9,086 members of the Italian Society of Pediatrics for which a valid email address was available. The survey was opened from April through November 2017. Statistical analyses were performed using the Graphpad software package. Results: 36.2% of the 442 respondents were aware of DTC-GT, but only 23.1% of them felt adequately prepared to meet families’ information needs. The first three sources of knowledge were the Internet (20.98%), magazines/ newspapers (16.78%) and TV/Radio (14.33%), while companies’ direct marketing activity influenced knowledge only in 2.45% of the cases. Only 16.4% of the aware respondents had been already approached for advice. More than 95% of the pediatricians who were aware would not advise DTC-GT for lifestyle, athletic performance or other inborn skills. 69.2% was unfavourable to susceptibility tests for complex diseases. Most of them expressed an interest in learning more and indicated as preferred sources of information public policies issued by professional societies. Conclusion: The low awareness and experience and the vendors’ tiny contribution to knowledge suggest a still limited penetration of DTC-GT companies in Italy. A great interest in learning more was found. Scientific societies are best positioned to support health professionals in this educational goal thanks to their role of trusted sources of information and guidance
Electrical Characterization of PEDOT:PSS Strips Deposited by Inkjet Printing on Plastic Foil for Sensor Manufacturing
No full textInkjet printing is a viable method for rapid and low-cost manufacturing of flexible sensors. In this paper, we study a technique for inkjet printing of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) strips. A low-cost inkjet desktop printer is used for the fabrication of PEDOT: PSS resistive strips on polyimide substrates. Accounting for several geometries of printed PEDOT: PSS strips, we assess the variability of the fabrication process. Owing to the printing process, we can easily choose the width, length, and thickness. We found that printed strips on polyimide foils show a conductivity equal to 115 S/cm, which linearly increases with the strip thickness. The maximum variability is lower than 13%. The frequency analysis shows a purely resistive impedance in the frequency range investigated (100 Hz-100 kHz). Moreover, the strips folded up to 1000 times shows a resistance variation lower than 6%. The study demonstrates that inkjet printing is a viable method for the simple, fast, reliable, and low-cost fabrication of PEDOT:PSS-based sensors on plastic substrates and circuit interconnections
Architetture a 64 bit in biologia computazionale: un’esperienza con una macchina AMD R Opteron R SMP biprocessore
No full textDeep Oscillation: therapeutic-rehabilitative experiences with a new electrostatic device
No full textDeep Oscillation® is an apparatus that produces low frequency electromagnetic radiations able to modulate immune reactions and, therefore, applicable to pain, tumour and inflammation treatments. The aim of this study is to evaluate how the Deep Oscillation® therapy works on conventional therapy resistant patients as the apparatus can be applied either to trauma derived fom surgical wounds or on sports post-traumatic oedema, low back pain and/or sciatalgic pain and cervicobrachial pain.METHODS:In the first part of the study, 34 cases of recent surgical wounds have been treated with Deep Oscillation® with 3 times a week visits for 20 minutes. In the same way 30 cases of sports post-traumatic oedema, 20 cases of low back pain and/or sciatalgic pain and 10 cases of cervicobrachial pain were treated. Among these patients, 15 cases had also undergone contemporaneous nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs intravenous drip, electrolytes and vitamins to verify the probable synergetic efficacy of both treatments.RESULTS:The results confirm that in some cases the Deep Oscillation® treatment is effective since the first/third therapy up to the restitutio ad integrum. It has also been demonstrated that the maximum efficiency of the Deep Oscillation® and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs synergetic treatment is probably due to the electromagnetic radiations able to facilitate the pharmacological uptake.CONCLUSION:This study confirms the capacity of the electrostatic energy, released by Deep Oscillation®, to stimulate the patient's neurosensory system, raising his pain threshold and facilitating his pharmacological uptake and restoring his functional recovery more quickl
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