1,721,012 research outputs found
Come predisporre un protocollo per la sorveglianza delle infezioni nei reparti per ustionati
No full text[Legionella spp. contamination in indoor air: preliminary results of an Italian multicenter study]
Get PDFObiettivo. Rilevare la presenza di Legionella spp. nell’aria attraverso un protocollo standardizzato, a fianco dei tradizionali metodi
impiegati per la rete idrica.
Disegno. In dieci strutture sanitarie è stato selezionato un bagno, la cui acqua presentava una contaminazione da Legionella >1.000
unità formanti colonie (ufc)/litro. La contaminazione dell’aria è stata valutata tramite campionamento attivo (Surface Air System,
SAS) e passivo, impiegando piastre di sedimentazione per la valutazione dell’Indice Microbico Aria (Index of Microbial Air, IMA).
I campionamenti sono stati effettuati per 8 ore consecutive, a circa 1 m dal pavimento e a 50 cm dal rubinetto. Con il campionamento
attivo, 200 litri di aria erano aspirati ogni 12 min, dopo flussaggio dell’acqua per 2 min. Il valore IMA era calcolato come
valore medio di ufc/16 piastre esposte nel corso del campionamento (due per ogni ora). La contaminazione dell’acqua è stata
valutata al tempo zero, dopo 4 e 8 ore, secondo le procedure descritte nelle linee guida del 2000.
Risultati. Legionella spp. è stata rilevata nell’aria di tre strutture sanitarie (in una con il metodo SAS, in due con il metodo IMA),
la cui contaminazione idrica è risultata compresa tra 1.100 e 43.000 ufc/l (mediana=40.000). I restanti sette ospedali hanno
riportato una contaminazione da Legionella solo nell’acqua (mediana=8.000; range 1.200-70.000 ufc/l), mai nell’aria circostante.
Conclusioni. I nostri dati suggeriscono che la valutazione della contaminazione ambientale da Legionella spp, quando effettuata
esclusivamente attraverso il campionamento dell’aria, può portare a una sottostima del rischio, anche in presenza di un elevato
grado di contaminazione idric
Risk of Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa nosocomial infections in a Burns Centre: the microbiological monitoring of water supplies for a preventive strategy
No full textThis paper reports on an extensive epidemiological survey of the microbiological monitoring of the environment, staff, and patients in the Intensive Care Unit of the Palermo Bums Centre (Italy). The aim of the survey was to evaluate the presence and distribution of environmental sources of pathogens and opportunistic bacterial agents of nosocomial infection in immunocompromised hosts. Strains collected from air, tap water, and medical and nursing staff were compared with strains isolated from burn patients in order to study the potential transmission route of bacteria. The results showed environmental strains presenting a profile identical to that of the clinical strains, suggesting a link between the environment, staff, and the patients. A programme of routine microbiological monitoring proved to be effective as a surveillance programme for the reduction of nosocomial infectio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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