1,720,958 research outputs found
The making of female scientific legends: Career narratives of the OWSD-Elsevier award winning early-career research scientists
Full text linkThis thesis was submitted for the award of Doctor of Philosophy and was awarded by Brunel University LondonMany nations have been resolute in their pursuit of gender parity in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Yet, the underrepresentation of women in STEM careers continues to pose significant global challenges. ‘How’ and ‘why’ women experience work differently in such male-dominated environments has been the subject of extensive research in recent times. This thesis offers new, original, and fresh perspectives to move forward the conversation on how women in ‘masculine’ careers experience work by throwing the spotlight on a peculiar group of people who, despite their immense contribution to science, are often side-lined in contemporary discourse on careers in management research. Drawing on career construction theory and intersectionality scholarship as a lens, and ‘microstoria’ as an interpretive frame, the study explores contemporaneous scientific career stories as narrated by female early career researchers (ECRs) from developing countries where resource paucity tends to stymie the ‘doing’ of cutting-edge scientific research.
In doing this, the thesis investigates how the often-invisible identities of positionality and situatedness of these ECRs intersect with their highly visible gender identity as females to shape how they experience work as early career scientific researchers from and based in developing countries. Adopting a constructionist approach and an exploratory qualitative research design, the main data for the empirical inquiry was collected using semi-structured interviews with thirty-five (35) past recipients of the Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSD)-Elsevier award for female ECRs from the developing world. This was supplemented with publicly available documents on the award, and the websites and social media pages (LinkedIn, YouTube, ResearchGate) of the award winners. With emphasis placed on their call to fame and their journeys to worldmaking in male-dominated scientific fields, the study explored and analysed how these ‘successful’ female ECR scientists make sense of their identities as scientists, experience scientific work in a context characterised by resource paucity, and craft their scientific careers
The study presents three main findings. First, it suggests that the intersectionality of multiple identities allows ECRs to construct three distinct career identities: a relational career identity based on the concept of familial influence (family, mentors, role models), an altruistic career based on the concept of ‘calling’, and a fluke career orientation based on the concept of luck and chance. Second, the study addresses social inequities for female ECRs by examining the unique enablers and barriers faced by this group at the intersection of gender, positionality, and situatedness. Third, the study identifies several agentic ways in which female ECRs could both survive and thrive in STEM by highlighting the daily practices, strategies and coping behaviours that are utilized consistently to self-manage a career under such contexts of underdevelopment, weak institutions, and patriarchy; and sheds light on seemingly intractable patterns of strategies (passing and revealing), which constitutively help them to counter their feelings of (in)visibility and struggles in their everyday situated practices. Shedding light on the interaction between the self and societal agents and how these influence the career construction narratives of females at the early stages of their scientific research career lives, the study calls attention to several interventions that could be useful in mitigating the occurrences of bottlenecks in organisational career development.Ghana Scholarship Secretaria
Careers of commercially successful female entrepreneurs in context of underdeveloped markets and weak institutions
Full text linkCopyright © 2021 The Author(s). Purpose – Careers have come to dominate contemporary discourse on gendered entrepreneurship. In this paper, we explore entrepreneurial careers as recounted by commercially successful female entrepreneurs to examine how they strategize to construct desirable careers in contexts characterized by underdeveloped markets and weak institutions.
Design/methodology/approach – Using a qualitative research design, data for our inquiry comes from publicly available life-history accounts of twenty female entrepreneurs appearing on an enterprise focus television show in Nigeria. We supplemented our television interview data with archival data in the form of publicly available digital footprints of the entrepreneurs collected from their company websites, magazines, online newspapers featuring these entrepreneurs, and their social media pages such as LinkedIn, Wikipedia, Facebook, and Instagram.
Findings – The careers of female entrepreneurs operating in context of underdeveloped institution and markets, we found, are characterized by four heterogeneous ingrained dispositions and actions reflecting how they got in and got on with their entrepreneurial careers: (a) ‘Observing and playing business’ (b) traipsing the ‘path less travelled’ (3) a hook to the ‘Pierian spring’ of entrepreneurship, and (4) ‘grace under pressure’ in decision-making.
Originality/value – We contribute to the entrepreneurship literature by providing insight into the lived experiences, agency, and careers of commercially successful female entrepreneurs as played out in the form of a contextual practice of ‘wayfinding’ to starting up and managing their own business ventures
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
