4,482 research outputs found
Digital Psychiatry and Digital Psychology: beyond "traditional" teletherapy: Psiquiatría Digital y Psicología Digital: más allá de la teleterapia "tradicional"
No full textThe Mpox outbreak is a public health emergency of international concern: Implications for mental health and global preparedness
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sj-docx-1-isp-10.1177_00207640231174372 – Supplemental material for Mental health intervention research in Latin American correctional settings: A scoping review
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-isp-10.1177_00207640231174372 for Mental health intervention research in Latin American correctional settings: A scoping review by Lukas Beigel, Andrew Forrester, Julio Torales, Anne Aboaja, Guillermo Rivera Aroyo, Marcelo O’Higgins Roche, Annette Opitz-Welke and Adrian P Mundt in International Journal of Social Psychiatry</p
Hope and resilience among patients affected by unipolar and bipolar depression
No full textBackground: Mood disorders, including unipolar and bipolar depression, are disabling mental conditions and patients' full-functional recovery may be challenging. Hope and Resilience are relevant factors in the framework of personal recovery and it is of interest to explore their association with the severity of depressive illness and other variables, including suicidality. Methods: in this cross-sectional study, 69 patients affected by unipolar (n = 31) and bipolar depression (n = 38) have been recruited and information about their sociodemographics, clinical characteristics were collected as well as the following assessment has been performed: BPRS (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale); HAMD ( Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression); MADRS (Montgomery Asberg Depression rating scale); HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale); SSI (Scale for Suicide Ideation); Synder (The Adult Hope Scale); CD-Risk (The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale). Results: patients affected by bipolar depression reported significantly higher level of psychopathological issues (BPRS) as well as higher scores of depressive and anxious symptoms (MADRS and HADS), suicidality (SSI). Also, bipolar depression patients reported lower levels of hope (Synder) and resilience (CD-Risk), with hope and resilience levels positively correlated each other, and inversely correlated to psychopathology and psychopathology, depressive and suicidal symptoms, respectively. Conclusions: these findings suggested that bipolar depression is characterized by higher clinical severity and lower levels of hope and resilience. Specific psycho-educational and psychotherapeutic interventions should be promoted to increase levels of hope and resilience in mood disorders, especially in bipolar depression
Diagnostic Stability of Major Depressive Disorder in hospitalized patients in a University Hospital: a Brief Report
Get PDFIntroduction: There may be a discordance between diagnoses at admission and discharge of mentally ill patients with major issues regarding their diagnostic stability. The objective of this brief report was to determine the diagnostic stability of major depressive disorder at patients’ discharge and if the diagnosis of their hospital admission had been retained. Methodology: This was a pilot, descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective observational study. A non-probabilistic sampling of consecutive cases was used. We reviewed the medical records, at admission and discharge, of patients with an initial diagnosis of major depressive disorder, hospitalized in the Department of Psychiatry of the ‘Hospital de Clínicas’ of the National University of Asunción, Paraguay, during the months of October to December 2020. Results: Fifty-three patients with a diagnosis of major depression on their hospital admission were included in the study (mean age = 35.7 ± 16.5 years). 79.2 % were women, 52.8 % were single, and 37.7 % were from the Central province of Paraguay. The most frequent diagnosis at discharge was borderline personality disorder, in 35.8% of cases. Major depressive disorder was confirmed in 15.1% of cases. No significant relationship was found between any discharge diagnosis and sociodemographic data. Conclusion: The results of this study, although preliminary, described the trajectories of diagnoses in the Psychiatry Department of a University hospital, but confirmatory studies are needed
Comparative accuracy of ICD-11 clinical descriptions and diagnostic requirements for the classification of mental and behavioral disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of case-controlled field studies
No full textCase-controlled field studies have been conducted to evaluate the clinical utility of ICD-11 clinical descriptions and diagnostic requirements (ICD-11 CDDR) in the diagnosis of mental disorders, including analyses of diagnostic accuracy. The present systematic review and meta-analysis sought to evaluate the sensitivity (Se) of these guidelines compared with those of other diagnostic systems studied by mental health professionals (MHPs) from different regions of the world. A systematic search was conducted in four databases where relevant studies were subjected to explicit eligibility criteria, resulting in 10 included studies and 264 effect sizes. The study characteristics were tabulated, and the findings were synthesized through a series of random-effects meta-analyses. The overall findings indicated that the diagnostic accuracy of MHPs’ clinical judgments with the ICD-11 CDDR was significantly higher than that obtained with the ICD-10 Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines (ICD-10 CDDG) (Q = 17.35 (1), p < 0.0001). Additional meta-analyses have revealed sources of variation, slight (non-significant) superiority of the ICD-11 CDDR for the diagnosis of mood disorders, and poor performance of all guidelines for the diagnosis of subclinical conditions. The superiority of diagnostic accuracy was supported for MHPs using ICD-11 CDDR. Future ecological implementation research should be able to evaluate these and other indices of clinical utility better. Finally, it is necessary to expand the scope of the training programs for the use of these guidelines in clinical practice
Early age of onset of drug use in Paraguayan children and adolescents: a public health challenge: Edad temprana de inicio de uso de drogas en niños y adolescentes paraguayos: un desafío de salud pública
Get PDFLa edad de inicio del consumo de drogas legales e ilegales es una variable crucial en el campo de la salud mental. Permite a clínicos y a investigadores de todo el mundo intentar predecir el riesgo vital de trastornos por uso de sustancias, enfermedad mental y adaptación social, y a diseñar estrategias de prevención e intervenciones precoces para hacer frente a estas entidades. El uso de drogas legales o ilegales durante la infancia y la adolescencia ha sido asociado a un vasto rango de malos resultados por distintos autores. El efecto del uso de sustancias al parecer incluye no sólo resultados relacionados con la salud, sino que posee también implicancias sociales negativas a largo plazo que afectan el sustento de los individuos. El inicio temprano del uso de drogas legales e ilegales es una epidemia social en Paraguay (Sudamérica). En este breve artículo, nuestro objetivo es presentar los pocos estudios realizados en el país que muestran una edad extremadamente temprana de inicio del consumo de drogas y proporcionar algunos argumentos sobre por qué estos datos deberían ser motivo de preocupación para los responsables de la formulación de políticas en el país.
Palabras clave: Edad de inicio; Uso de drogas; Niños; Adolescentes.
ABSTRACT
The age of onset of legal and illegal drugs use is a crucial variable in the mental health field. It enables clinicians and researchers across the world to try to predict the lifetime risk of substance use disorders, mental illness and social adaptation, and to tailor prevention strategies and early interventions to address these entities. The use of legal or illegal drugs during childhood and adolescence has been linked to a vast range of bad outcomes by different authors. The effect of substance use seems to include not only health-related issues, but it also has long-term negative social implications that affect the livelihood of the individuals. Early initiation of legal and illegal drug use is a social epidemic in Paraguay (South America). In this brief piece, we aim to present the few studies done in the country showing an extremely early age of onset of drug use and to provide some arguments for why this data should be of concern for policy makers in the country.
Keywords: Age of onset; Drug use; Children; Adolescents
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