1,720,953 research outputs found
Control of Three Phase Grid Connected Photovoltaic System
No full textTo counter environmental pollution arising out of fossil fuel power generation,the world is gradually shifting towards renewable sources of energy, with solar energy leading at the front. In a grid-connected solar PV system, the energy generation system and utility grid are interfaced by using power electronics converters which are commonly based on a VSI (voltage source inverter) connected to the mains supply network, which is used to regulate power flow and ensuring operation with unity power factor. The grid requirements are improved power quality, Good transient response during fault conditions, grid synchronization and independent control of active & reactive power and etc.
To achieve this requirement of the grid, here we designed a 10kW PV system which is to be interfaced to a utility grid to be performed. This project represents athree-phase, single-stage grid integrated solar PV system. The proposed system serves for power factor correction,the maximum power point tracking (MPPT), the grid 5 currents balancing and harmonics mitigation of loads connected at the PCC (point5 of common coupling). The solar photovoltaic system uses a three- phase VSC (voltage source converter) to perform these functions. This system extracts the solar energy from the photovoltaic system and feeds to the grid.MPPT algorithm is put to use for extracting maximum power from Photovoltaic system. There are many types of MPPT algorithms are there, but especially which are widely used is perturb and observer and incremental conductance algorithm. Here, the proposed system used the incremental conductance which is more accurate and more efficient. The reference DC link voltage of voltage source converter is also decided by the MPPT algorithm.
In a simplified way, the control algorithm of a solar photovoltaic system consists of two parts, in the first part the MPPT decides the reference D.C. link voltage and secondly the VSC is controlled by the use of control functions. The PV system voltage is maintained at the reference which is controlled by a PI(proportional integral)controller using an MPPT algorithm. For controlling the VSC, an Improved linear sinusoidal tracer (ILST) and Damped-second order generalized integrator (Damped-SOGI) is proposed. The main characters of the Improved linear sinusoidal tracer control algorithm are fast convergence, control simplicity while the Damped-SOGI is having the higher converging state, good noise immunity response and improved steady-state performance. The fundamental component of the load current is extracted by using an ILST and a Damped-SOGI based control algorithm, zero crossing detectors and sample and hold log are used to extract the active power component of load currents. PI controller is used to estimate the loss component of VSC and reference grid currents are estimated by combining all these components. The sensed grid currents and the reference grid currents are compared and a current controller is used for producing the switching pulses for the grid VSC interfaced. The unity power factor (UPF),as well as the sinusoidal balancing of grid currents, are controlled by the VSC. The currents injected into the grid are synchronized using unit templates derived from PCC voltages. Only active power is exchanged through the grid because the grid currents are at UPF. The total active power in the system must be balanced among the grid, the loads and the SPV. There is a comparison between the Damped SOGI and ILST algorithm on the basis of THD and other waveforms. The simulation results are obtained by using MATLAB/Simulink for controlling the active current between the PV-grid systems
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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