1,720,974 research outputs found
1623P EX-AQUA: Palaeohydrological extreme events: evidence and archives
No full textThe project EX-AQUA has been funde by INQUA in 2016 and the report describes the activity carried out by the group of scientists involved in the project. In particular is described the content of the international conference held in Padova in September 2016 and the related fieldtrip
EX-AQUA PROJECT: PALAEOHYDROLOGICAL EXTREME EVENTS
No full textFloods and droughts are some of the most serious natural hazards for human societies. In the last decade, the catastrophic effects of these events have attracted the global attention to warrant the assessment of their magnitude and frequency, also in relation with climate change. The quantification of the recurrence time and the magnitude of the catastrophic events is mainly based on direct measures, but these are generally limited to last decades, while palaeohydrological researches can extend the records to centuries and millennia. The evidence of past flood episodes and the timing and magnitude of extreme events can be compared with modern data and provide a significant improvement on flood risk assessment. Moreover, the spatial and temporal distribution of extremes and flooding episodes can help to understand the role of climatic forcing on the occurrence of large events and the overall changes in flooding regimes during late Quaternary. In a stratigraphic and geochronological perspective, the traces of extreme palaeohydrological events can be sometimes followed from alluvial, to deltaic and marine environments, supporting or helping correlations.
In the last 20 years research methods and gathering of data related to events or phases of palaeofloods and droughts strongly improved. Some of these phases have been clearly recognized at a Mediterranean scale during Holocene, but differences can be highlighted in sub-regions (Benito et al., 2015). Thus, a standardized methodology for creating and comparing local, regional and continental databases is important.
The EX-AQUA “Palaeohydrological extreme events, evidences and archives” is a project sponsored in 2016 by TERPRO commission of INQUA and it aims at gathering data about Quaternary hydrological events, mainly considering the Holocene and with a special focus on the late-Holocene (i.e. about last 5000 years) as this includes historic times for many regions. In a global perspective, this period allow to apply a multidisciplinary approach that takes into account sedimentological, geomorphologic, biological, archaeological and documentary data (e.g. historical and written sources, chronicles). These different sources of information allow to produce high-resolution records of extreme events, which could be used as a standard dataset for comparison with other environmental records.
The scientific community involved in EX-AQUA aims at sharing information about palaeohydrological series and the methodology for their investigation in the different continents. For these and other related purposes, the meeting “EX-AQUA 2016: Palaeohydrological extreme events, evidences and archives” will be held in Padova next September, 26-28th. The conference will be followed by a 3-days fieldtrip aimed at discussing methodology and results applied in selected case studies dealing with extreme events in the Venetian-Friulian Plain, the southern Alps, the Classical Karst and Istria Peninsula
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
EX-AQUA 2016: Palaeohydrological extreme events, evidence and archives
Full text linkFloods and droughts are natural hazards that can pose serious
threats to human societies. In the last few decades, the catastrophic
effects of these events have attracted global attention, which warranted
the assessment of their magnitude and frequency, particularly in relation
to their causes such as human action and climate change (e.g. IPCC,
2012; Dai, 2013; Blöschl et al., 2019). Currently, the quantification of
catastrophic event recurrence probabilities is mainly based on direct
measurements. Unfortunately, these are generally limited to the last
decades to century, providing a limited window of observation that
causes large uncertainties for current and future safety assessments.
Palaeohydrological research allows to extend the reference records to
centuries and even millennia (e.g. Gregory et al., 2003; Brázdil et al.,
2018; Herget and Fontana, 2019)
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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