1,720,970 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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Specification of graphical figures with attribute grammars
No full textThe need for graphical presentation arises in many disciplines. This thesis describes a prototype software system, the graph creation system, which gives unspecialized users the ability to create and display a variety of graphical figures. Templates for types of graphical figures, and the user interactions for creating instances of a figure, are specified by a knowledgable designer. Templates specify the figure to be drawn in a context-dependent hierarchical manner. Each template represents an attribute grammar encoded in a tree form. Templates contain spaces for selected end user input and rules for computing the entire figure given those inputs. The end user creates a figure by invoking a program and supplying the necessary inputs such as colors, fill patterns, and locations
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Robustness in a distributed storage server for engineering design data with versions
Get PDFTraditional database management systems have been deemed unsuitable for use in the Computer Aided Engineering environment Object-oriented data models with project management features have been proposed as an alternative. The Distributed Hypothetical Storage System is intended to serve as the underlying storage mechanism for an object-oriented data model. The storage system provides features that are essential to project management such as version histories, alternate data versions, and optimistic concurrency control in a distributed environment This thesis presents a robustness mechanism for DHSS. Three classes of system failure are considered: site failure, communication failure, and media failure. The protocols described here make the system robust in two senses: first, users are provided with continued read access to their data; and second, users are provided with continued write access to their data. The traditional approach of data replication is used to support continued read access. However, traditional systems support no write access or highly restricted write access in the event of a failure. The DHSS robustness mechanism supports continued write access for all visible data by allowing the execution of possibly conflicting write requests and attempting to merge or resolve the results at a later time if they are indeed conflicting. The resolution protocol requires one exchange of information among the communicating sites followed by unilateral calculation to resolve all conflicts existing among that set of sites. It is essential that the resolution be mutually consistent among the set of communicating sites. It is shown that the robustness protocols produce a mutually consistent resolution of conflicting requests
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Analytical and visual tools for robot kinematics
Get PDFComputer control of a robot arm's motion requires kinematic algorithms for relating the state of a particular arm's joints to the position and orientation of its tool in three-dimensional space. To design such algorithms requires mathematical formulation of the kinematics of the arm. The resulting long, tedious algebraic manipulations suggest a need for computer-aided kinematic analysis, integrated with more conventional robotic tools. In this paper, we address this problem in four steps. The first step is to design a simple, yet sufficiently general, representation of robot arm links, which we call the orthogonal representation. The second step is to design and implement a module to generate the Forward Kinematic Equation automatically in algebraic form for arbitrary robot arm configurations. The third step is to complement the kinematics module with a robot simulator and a graphic display. The fourth step is to attack the generally intractable Inverse Kinematic problem by analyzing frequently-occurring subconfigurations, and then implementing subsolutions from which the entire arm's solution is built
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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The inclusion of expertise in a decision support system for strategic decision making
No full textA decision support system (DSS) incorporating domain
expertise guides, tutors, and consults a decision maker in
opportunity, problem, and crisis identification activities. The
objective for the system is to promote improved decision making.
Using an "Independent Groups" design, an experimental study was
conducted to investigate the effects of DSS use on performance in
the assessment phase of the strategic planning process.
The findings of the study indicate that decision support
systems incorporating expertise can improve the effectiveness of
problem recognition in unstructured environments. Experimental
treatments consisted of 1) use of a DSS with a complete rule base,
2) use of a DSS with a 10% subset of the complete rule base, and 3)
no DSS exposure. Measures of performance from several stages of
the decision making process are analyzed
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