1,721,161 research outputs found
[18F]PARPi-PET in locally advanced oral cavity carcinoma
No full textTreatment of locally advanced oral cavity carcinoma (OCC) generally includes surgical resection followed by adjuvant radiotherapy
(RT) [1]. Adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is usually
required in case of extranodal extension and/or positive surgical margins [1]. In this setting, post-treatment evaluation of loco-regional
status becomes difficult to visualize on clinical exam due to tissue
distortion from prior surgery and flap reconstruction and RT-related
effects on healthy tissues. Follow-up imaging recommendations indicate to repeat pre-treatment baseline imaging within 3 months of
adjuvant therapy [1]. Discrimination of treatment injury from recurrent
tumor represents still a major clinical need [2–4]. Recently, several
reports on human cancers have suggested that positron emission tomography (PET) using fluorine-18 poly adenosine diphosphate ribose
polymerase ([18F]PARP) tracer can discern these entitie
Induction chemotherapy in patients with anal canal cancer: a pilot study
No full textPurpose: To investigate the role of induction chemotherapy (IC) followed by definitive chemoradiotherapy in people with anal canal cancer with bulky disease at diagnosis. Patients and Methods: We assessed patient acceptability and treatment feasibility of IC in patients with bulky anal canal malignant lesions. Results: Theoretical IC advantages may include tumor downsizing and early micrometastasis eradication, without affecting compliance with subsequent standard chemoradiotherapy regimens, as a result of improvement of oxygenation and higher intramural concentration of cytotoxic drugs. Conclusion: The study design should be proven feasible, with a satisfactory patient acceptance rate and an optimized work flow. To our knowledge, this study is the first trial to investigate the use of IC in the population of patients with bulky anal canal cancer
In response to Yavas G and Yavas C on comment on “Intensified neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer in elderly patients: toxicity, disease control, and survival outcomes”
No full textIntensified Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer in Elderly Patients: Toxicity, Disease Control, and Survival Outcome
Total neoadjuvant treatment in locally advanced rectal cancer
Full text linkLocally advanced rectal cancer requires a multidisciplinary management, traditionally based on neo-adjuvant (chemo) radiotherapy, conservative surgery with total mesorectal excision and adjuvant chemotherapy. Despite effective in term of local control, this strategy is linked to a high risk of distant metastasis (up to 30%). In this context, recent published randomized phase III clinical trials have tested the potential benefits with a different sequencing and/or intensification of the standard components of the trimodal therapy. Here, we briefly assess the efficacy and discuss the clinical relevance of total neoadjuvant treatment with a focus on indications and results in the short-course radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy use for this setting of patients. Long term results and additional prospective studies are necessary to more accurately estimate the clinical benefit and further establish the role of total neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer disease
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine and HPV-related head and neck cancer: what's next?
No full textHead and neck cancer (HNC) represents one of the most challenging malignancies to treat in adults. During the past years, major advances in multimodal therapeutic regimen including surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy have helped to substantially improve prognosis and quality of life in HNC patients. Today, a significant amount of HNC is human papilloma virus (HPV) related and mainly includes patients who are aged <60 years with early T stage and advanced nodal disease. HPV status strongly influences prognosis [1]. As a consequence, an increased number of patients with HNC have good outcomes and preventive considerations become essential to advancing the field of HNC care
Weekly hypofractionated radiation therapy in elderly non-resectable cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region
Full text linkIntroduction: Treatment of inoperable cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) of the head and neck region is still debated. Case report: We report an original case of cure of cSCC of the head and neck region with weekly hypofractionated radiation therapy with megavoltage electrons prescribed for locally advanced inoperable disease. Results: Weekly hypofractionated radiotherapy assured complete regression and was well-tolerated. Conclusion: The real efficacy of this treatment in the therapeutic arsenal remains to be defined. A clinical trial is ongoing to test the use of 8 weekly fractions of 8 Gy hypofractionated RT regimens in non-resectable cSCC cases
Immune check-point inhibitors and standard chemoradiotherapy in definitive head and neck cancer treatment
Full text linkIn head and neck cancer management, there is a need for tailored approaches to optimally implement clinical outcomes. Based on the assumption that efficacy and long-term toxicity are not satisfactory for standard concurrent platinum-based chemoradiotherapy, several trials have been designed to test whether induction immunotherapy and/or concomitant immunotherapy and radiotherapy result in improved survival and toxicity outcomes. Here, we present an overview of the most recent concomitant therapeutic strategies for head and neck cancer, focusing on the knowledge available regarding check-point inhibitors. The aim is to present the characteristics of the main check-point inhibitors and to summarize the clinical trials on the combination of immune check-point inhibitors and (chemo)radiotherapy in the definitive HNC setting, in order to provide a useful clinical tool for further research
Immune check-point in endometrial cancer
No full textBackground: Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most frequent tumors in women. Despite recent advances in treatment approaches, the prognosis in advanced, recurrent, or metastatic disease remains poor. The aim was to provide the clinician with an update, the current status, and the new developments in the management of EC. Based on the new EC molecular classification, we focused on the impact of immune check-point inhibitors. Methods: Pivotal trials, published literature, and conference proceedings were reviewed. PubMed and Scopus databases were searched to select English-language articles. Results: Immune check-point inhibitors are the subject of ongoing studies and their benefit seems to be related to microsatellite instability (MSI) status. Conclusions: Immune check-point inhibitors should be considered a promising treatment option to better personalize therapeutic strategies in EC
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