1,720,982 research outputs found
Cadmium-induced senescence in nodules of soybean (Glycine max L.) plants
No full textThe relationship between cadmium-induced oxidative stress and nodule senescence in soybean was investigated at two different concentrations of cadmium ions (50 and 200 µM), in solution culture. High cadmium concentration (200 µM) resulted in oxidative stress, which was indicated by an increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances content and a decrease in leghemoglobin levels. Consequently, nitrogenase activity was decreased, and increases in iron and ferritin levels were obtained. Senescent parameters such as ethylene production, increased levels of ammonium and an increase in protease activity were simultaneously observed. Glutamate dehydrogenase activity was also increased. Peroxidase activity decreased at the higher cadmium concentration while the lower cadmium treatment produced changes in peroxidase isoforms, compared to control nodules. Ultrastructural investigation of the nodules showed alterations with a reduction of both bacteroids number per symbiosome and the effective area for N2-fixation. These results strongly suggest that, at least at the higher concentration, cadmium induces nodule senescence in soybean plants.Fil: Balestrasse, Karina Beatriz. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Química Biológica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Gallego, Susana Mabel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Química Biológica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Tomaro, Maria Lujan. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Química Biológica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Investigaciones sobre Porfirinas y Porfirias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones sobre Porfirinas y Porfirias; Argentin
Oxidation of the enzymes involved in nitrogen assimilation plays an important role in the cadmium-induced toxicity in soybean plants
Get PDFCadmium causes oxidative damage and hence affects nitrogen assimilation. In the present work we tested the relationship between the inactivation of the enzymes involved in nitrogen assimilation pathway (glutamine synthetase (GS)/glutamate synthase (GOGAT)) and the protein oxidation in nodules of soybean (Glycine max L.) plants under Cd2+ stress. Therefore, the effect of Cd2+ and reduced gluthatione (GSH) on GS and GOGAT activities, and protein abundance and oxidation were analyzed. Under the metal treatment, amino acids oxidative modification occurred, evidenced by the accumulation of carbonylated proteins, especially those of high molecular weight. When Cd 2+ was present in the nutrient solution, although a decrease in GS and GOGAT activities was observed (17 and 52%, respectively, compared to controls), the protein abundance of both enzymes remained similar to control nodules. When GSH was added together with Cd2+ in the nutrient medium, it protected the nodule against Cd2+ induced oxidative damage, maintaining GS and GOGAT activities close to control values. These results allow us to conclude that the inactivation of the nitrogen assimilation pathway by Cd2+ in soybean nodules is due to an increment in GS and GOGAT oxidation that can be prevented by the soluble antioxidant GSH.Fil: Balestrasse, Karina Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales. Grupo Vinculado Centro de Estudios de Biodiversidad y Biotecnología MdP- INBA; ArgentinaFil: Gallego, Susana Mabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Tomaro, Maria Lujan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Investigaciones sobre Porfirinas y Porfirias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones sobre Porfirinas y Porfirias; Argentin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Aluminium stress affects nitrogen fixation and assimilation in soybean (Glycine max L.)
Get PDFNitrogen fixation and assimilation in nodules and roots were studied in soybean (Glycine max L.) exponed to different levels of aluminium (Al) stress (0, 50, 200 and 500 µM). Al at 500 µM induced oxidative stress, which became evident from an increase in lipid peroxidation accompanied by a concomitant decline in antioxidant enzyme activities and leghaemoglobin breakdown. Consequently, there was also a reduction in nitrogenase activity. However, the leghaemoglobin levels and nitrogenase activity were unexpectedly found to be higher in nodules when the plants were treated with 200 µM Al. Of the enzymes involved in nitrogen assimilation, the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase-NADH was reduced in nodules under Al stress, but it was significantly higher in roots at 500 µM Al as compared to that in the control. In nodules, the glutamina synthetase/glutamate synthase-NADH pathway, assayed in terms of activity and expression of both the enzymes, was inhibited at >50 µM Al; but in roots this inhibitory effect was apparent only at 500 µM Al. No significant changes in ammonium and protein contents were recorded in the nodules or roots when the plants were treated with 50 µM Al. However, Al at ±200 µM significantly increased the ammonium levels and decreased the protein content in the nodules. But these contrasting effects on ammonium and protein contents due to Al stress were observed in the roots only at 500 µM Al. The results suggest that the effect of Al stress on nitrogen assimilation is more conspicuous in nodules than that in the roots of soybean plants.Fil: Balestrasse, Karina Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales. Grupo Vinculado Centro de Estudios de Biodiversidad y Biotecnología MdP- INBA; ArgentinaFil: Gallego, Susana Mabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Tomaro, Maria Lujan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Investigaciones sobre Porfirinas y Porfirias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones sobre Porfirinas y Porfirias; Argentin
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