1,721,084 research outputs found
The effects of physical exertion on immediate and delayed mental performance of adult females
No full textVita.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of physical exertion on mental performance, as well as to look at this effect after various rest intervals. Specifically, the purpose of this study was to determine: (1) the effect of various levels of physical exertion upon mental performance of adult females; (2) the effect of physical exertion followed by various rest periods upon mental performance of adult females; and (3) if an interaction exists between intensities of exertion and length of rest periods. Seventy-two college female students were randomly assigned to a control group or one of three groups varying in intensity of physical exertion: 110 beats/minute, 145 beats/minute, or 180 beats/minute. Each test session consisted of a pretest, a sex-minute bicycle ergometer work bout, and four 2 1/2 -minute post-tests scheduled 0, 5, 10, and 15 minutes after the exercise. The mental test was the Brown and Poulton Test of Attention which requires each subject to audibly detect a sequence of digits which occurs in the order "odd-even-odd," and to respond by saying "yes" before the next digit is presented. The statistical tool for hypothesis testing was a 4 x 4 analysis of covariance with repeated measures on the interval factor. No significant group was found indicating that mental performance was not significantly different following any of the various exertion intensities. A significant interval effect was found; however, a learning effect was determined to be present across intervals which invalidated this statistically significant effect. No interactive effect was found indicating no mean differential response in groups (exertion intensities) across intervals (rest periods)..
The effects of variable resistance circuit weight training on cardiovascular fitness and body composition
No full textTypescript (photocopy).The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of a variable resistance circuit weight training program upon certain cardiovascular fitness and body composition parameters of college-age males. Specifically, the investigation examined the effects of a three days per week, eight-week variable resistance weight training program on: (a) oxygen uptake, (b) body composition, (c) performance on a two mile run, (d) resting heart rate, (e) exercise heart rates, (f) time to 170 heart rate, (g) blood pressure, and (h) systolic tension time index
A comparison of selected isotonic methods of knee exercise and their effects upon certain aspects of uninjured knees
No full textVita.The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of three exercise methods involving isotonic apparatus and three modifications of these methods upon selected aspects of uninjured human knees. The subjects, fifty-eight male undergraduate college students, were randomly assigned to six groups and a treatment was randomly assigned to each group. Subjects were limited to Caucasians with no previous injury or serious trauma to either knee. Apparatus utilized included weight boots with attached weights, an N-K Table, and a Universal Thigh-Knee Conditioner Machine. The groups executing the Standard Exercise program used one of the above apparatus and preformed the exercises of knee extension and knee flexion. The groups executing the Additional Exercise program used one of the above mentioned apparatus while preforming the exercises of knee extension and knee flexion, and also utilized the weight boot with attached weights to perform the exercises of hip flexion, side leg raise, leg spread, and hip hyperextension. Each group exercised twice a week for six weeks. Weight increments were added as each subject was able to meet the required number of repetitions. ..
The effects of stimulus velocity and stimulus duration on the spatial-temporal structure and response accuracy of coincident timing responses in closed and open environments
No full textTypescript (photocopy).The purpose of the present investigations was to determine the relative and/or interactive effects of stimulus velocity and stimulus duration on the spatial-temporal structure and response accuracy of simple coincident timing responses in closed and open environments. Specifically, it was the purpose of these investigations to determine the: (1) effect of stimulus velocity on the spatial-temporal structure and response accuracy in the closed environment, (2) effect of stimulus duration on the spatial-temporal structure and response accuracy in a closed environment, (3) interactive effect of stimulus velocity and duration on the spatial-temporal structure and response accuracy in a closed environment, and (4) the effect of increasing stimulus velocity profiles (stimulus duration held constant) on the spatial-temporal structure and response accuracy in an open environment
Knowledge of results in the acquisition of a coincident-timing skill
No full textTypescript (photocopy).The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of knowledge of results (KR) on the acquisition of a coincident-timing task. Specifically, the purposes of this study were as follows: (1) to determine the effects of the precision of KR and practice on the accuracy of performance of a coincident-timing tasks (Experiment 1), and (2) to determine the effects of a graduated KR schedule and practice on the accuracy of performance of a coincident-timing task (Experiment 2). The task for both experiments required each subject to execute a right to left arm-hand movement to five targets and attempt to terminate that movement coincident with the lighting of the last of a series of runaway lights. Experiment 1, five groups numbering six subjects each were assigned to one of the following degrees of KR precision: (1) no Kr, (2) directional KR, (3) directional and quantitative KR to tenths-of-a-second, (4) directional and quantitative KR to hundredths-of-a-second, and (5) directional and quantitative KR to thousandths-of-a-second. Subjects performed 5 blocks of 25 trials on each of four consecutive days with KR administered to each subject following each trial, dependent upon his/her treatment group. Two groups of six subjects each followed the same procedures in Experiment 2 with the exception that the KR conditions consisted of (1) directional and quantitative KR to thousandths-of-a-second, and (2) a schedule of KR that increased in precision as a function of practice. ..
The coding and retention characteristics of two dimensional movements
No full textVita.The purpose of this study was to examine the short-term memory coding characteristics and recall performance for two dimensional movements. Specifically, it was the purpose of this investigation to: (1) compare the accuracy of recall of distance, location and angular movement cues, (2) determine if a differential access to central processing exists for the kinesthetic information arising from location, distance, or combined distance and angle positioning movement, and (3) determine the effect of dispersing criterion movements to several movement sectors upon the accuracy of reproduction. Seventy-two male and female college students were randomly assigned to one of three movement cue groups: distance, location, or distance plus angle. All subjects were presented with trial with immediate 15-second rest, and 15-second activity retention intervals along with repeated trial to four designated movement sectors. The procedure called for 16 trials under each retention interval for a total of 48 experimental trials per subject. The statistical analysis for hypothesis testing was a 3 x 3 x 4 (movement condition x retention interval x movement sector) analysis of variance with repeated measures on the last two factors. The analysis of absolute error revealed interactions among all three variables examined. The movement condition x retention interval interaction revealed that distance information was maintained during a rest interval and subject to decay following a task-filled interval. In contrast, location and distance plus angle cues were subject to decay during a rest interval but exhibited least accurate performance at every retention interval. The movement condition x sector interaction indicated that long movements were recalled with less accuracy for the distance plus angle condition only. Also, distance plus angle accuracy was inferior to the other conditions at all but one of the four sectors examined. The retention interval x sector interaction indicated that long movements were recalled less accurately than short movements for the immediate and filled intervals but not the rest interval
The development of a regression equation to predict workload for the Astrand-Rhyming Test
No full textPurpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a multiple regression equation using easily assessed variable that would accurately predict workload for the Astrand-Rhyming Test. Specifically, the following variable were used to develop the multiple regression equation: (1) age, (2) height, (3) body weight, (4) resting heart rate, (5) resting blood pressure, (6) first minute exercise heart rate taken at 600 kpm workload, (7) leg strength as reflected by the strength of the quadriceps muscle group at 115�� of extension, (8) leg length as reflected by a lateral line from the greater trochanter to the bicycle foot pedal. A sub-problem of the investigation was to calculate a predictive validity coefficient for the Astrand-Rhyming Test utilizing the established multiple regression equation to predict workload. Procedure: The subjects for this study were sixty male college freshman volunteers. The subjects were assigned to two equal groups based on scores obtained from the Balke Treadmill Test of aerobic capacity. One group of thirty subjects served as the experimental group and the other served as the validation group. The experimental group was tested in order to develop the multiple regression equation that would predict workload for the Austrand-Rhyming Test using the established mutlple regression equation. ..
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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