1,720,954 research outputs found
Our Little Garden
No full textOur Little Garden explores in the hustle of Santiago de Chile\u27s megacity how gardeners of different ages have found a respite, a connection to the soil and a community in an organic urban garden at the edges of the capital city. Organic gardening not only produces agrochemical-free food but also a space where different species help each other to live. 19-year-old Alonso dreams of one day being self-sufficient. 76-year-old Ana María likes to keep her mind active by learning and enjoying plants with all her senses. Heriberto has recovered from cancer and wants to cleanse his body inside and out. Dipping one’s hands into the soil not only prompts the beginning of a plant\u27s life but is also a therapeutic experience. Here, a small piece of land offers gardeners an opportunity to practice traditional permaculture and return to a time when people were more attuned to the rhythms of plants and other organisms. This collaborative film project was accompanied by a Master’s thesis analyzing how health and well-being are experienced and conceptualised in relationships built around connections with nature, and how using collaborative videography can increase phenomenological sensory knowledge through involvements with research participants during ethnographic fieldwork
Urban Gardeners' Experiences of Naturalness and Contact with the Soil in a Chilean Community Garden
No full textTässä tutkielmassa tarkastellaan yhteisöpuutarhan viljelijöiden kokemuksia luonnonmukaisuudesta ja kontaktista maahan Chilen pääkaupungissa Santiagossa. Tutkielman aineisto on kerätty etnografisin menetelmin käyttäen osallistuvaa havainnointia, haastatteluja sekä kollaboratiivista videokuvausta. Tutkielman teoreettisen viitekehyksen muodostavat ’suhteiden ajattelu veden kautta’ -konseptista (Strang & Krause, 2016) johdettu näkökulma ’suhteiden ajattelu puutarhan kautta’, ’elävä ajattelu’ (Eduadro Kohn, 2013) sekä ’kontaktivyöhyke’ (Donna Haraway, 2007). Tutkielmassa analysoidaan minkälaisia suhteita luontoyhteyden ja luonnonmukaisuuden pohjalta rakentuu sekä kuinka näissä suhteissa koetaan ja käsitteellistetään hyvinvointia.
Viljelijöiden suhteissa muihin kuin ihmisiin sekä kontaktissa maahan korostuvat monilajinen yhteiselo ja hoivaaminen. Puutarhan muodostamissa pienissä ’kontaktialueissa’ ihmiset ovat vuorovaikutuksessa muunlajisten kanssa ja lukevat ’merkkejä’, joiden kautta he oppivat toimimaan yhdessä. Yhteiselo ja toistuvat vuorovaikutustilanteet muodostavat lopulta viljelijöiden luontoyhteyden.
Luonnonmukaisen viljelyn kautta viljelijät kokevat hyvinvointia ja terveyttä erityisesti kemikaalittoman ravinnon kautta. Itse viljeleminen mahdollistaa kontrollin tunteen ravinnon puhtaudesta, mikä etäännyttää supermarketeista sekä lisää kokemusta ruokaturvasta. Maistaminen, haistaminen ja koskettaminen luovat affektiivista suhdetta puutarhaan ja itse tuotettuun ruokaan, mikä osaltaan vahvistaa viljelijöiden terveyskokemusta.
Puutarhalla toisten auttaminen, yhdessä oppiminen ja luonnonmukaisen viljelyn ideologia luovat ihmisten välistä yhteisöllisyyttä. Yhteisöllisyyden kautta viljelijät luovat myös ylisukupolvisia suhteita, joihin liittyy tunne nostalgiasta ja kulttuuriperinnöstä. Luonnonmukaisen viljelyn harjoittamisessa viljelijät pyrkivät säilyttämään perinteistä luomuviljelyn tietotaitoa. Kyseisen tietotaidon esiin nostaminen ja uudelleen herättäminen ovat myös tulevaisuuteen suuntaavaa, kestävää toimintaa, jota tutkielmassa tarkastellaan tulevaisuusperintökäsitteen avulla.
Tutkielman aineisto on kerätty kolmen kuukauden kenttätyön aikana Huertas Urbanas -yhteisöpuutarhassa Santiagossa maalis- ja kesäkuun 2023 välisenä aikana. Tutkimusmateriaali muodostui viljelijöiden kanssa yhteistyössä kuvatusta videomateriaalista ja osallistuvan havainnoinnin videoimisesta viljelijöiden kanssa palstoilla, puutarhayhteisön kokouksissa sekä työpajoissa. Videomateriaalin lisäksi aineistoa on tallennettu kirjallisen kenttäpäiväkirjan ja valokuvien muodossa.
Kollaboratiivisen videoinnin kautta tutkielma osallistuu visuaalisen antropologian keskusteluun siitä, miten videomateriaali lisää muun muassa fenomenologista aistitietoa sekä osallistaa tutkimukseen osallistuneita kenttätyön aikana. Aineistomateriaalista on tehty etnografinen elokuva tutkielman sivutyönä. Elokuvan suomeksi ja englanniksi tekstitettyihin versioihin sekä traileriin on saatavissa linkki tämän tutkielman liitteet-osiossa.This thesis explores the experiences of community gardeners in Santiago, the capital city of Chile, in relation to their experience of being in contact with nature and the soil. The data was collected using ethnographic methods, such as participant observation and collaborative videography. The theoretical framework of the thesis is the perspective of 'thinking relationships through the garden', derived from the concept of 'thinking relationships through water' (Strang & Krause, 2016). In addition, the 'living thought' (Eduardo Kohn, 2013) and the 'contact zone' (Donna Haraway, 2007) are used to complete the theoretical frame. The thesis analyses what kinds of relationships are built based on connection with nature and naturalness, and how health and well-being is experienced and conceptualised in these relationships.
Gardeners' relationships with non-humans and their contact with the soil emphasise multispecies coexistence and nurturing. In the small 'contact areas' of the garden, people interact with other species and read 'signs' through which they learn to interact. This communal interaction and recurring states of interaction ultimately form a natural community of gardeners.
Through organic gardening, gardeners experience well-being and health, especially through chemical-free nutrition. Growing the food themselves allows a sense of control over the purity of the food, which distances them from supermarkets and increases their experience of food security. Tasting, smelling and touching create an affective relationship with the garden and the food produced, which contributes to a healthier experience.
In the garden, helping others, learning together and the ideology of organic gardening create a sense of community between people. Through community, gardeners also create intergenerational relationships, with a sense of nostalgia and cultural heritage. In practising organic gardening, gardeners seek to preserve traditional know-how. The revival and revitalisation of this know-how is also a forward-looking, sustainable activity, which the thesis explores through the concept of future heritage.
The data for this thesis was collected during three months of fieldwork in the Huertas Urbanas community garden in Santiago between March and June 2023. The research material consisted of video footage filmed in collaboration with the gardeners and participatory observation videoed with the gardeners in plots, garden community meetings and workshops. In addition to the video material, the research material was recorded in the form of a written field diary and photographs.
Through collaborative videography, the thesis contributes to the visual anthropology debate on how video material increases, among other things, phenomenological sensory knowledge and involves the research participants during the fieldwork. An ethnographic film was made of the material as a side project of the thesis. A link to the English and Finnish subtitled versions of the film and its trailer are available on the last page of this thesis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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