1,720,955 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Multi-stakeholder perspectives on food labels and the future of healthy eating
Full text linkThesis (PhDFoodSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2022.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa, like many other countries throughout the world, is grappling with the increasing
burden of non-communicable diseases, caused in part by an unhealthy diet. This study investigated
how changes to the presentation of nutritional information on food labels can potentially help
South Africans judge the healthiness of food, thereby potentially guiding them towards healthier
choices and beneficial health outcomes.
As a point of departure for the study, the value-adding potential of legislating health claims on
food labels was considered. Draft legislation to allow health claims have been pending since 2014,
and the legislation also does not address any claims pertaining to the health potential of our
indigenous food plants, despite notable research spending in this area.
Interviews (n = 49) with stakeholders with varied expertise revealed strong evidence for economic
value creation potential from health claims, however, this was skewed towards businesses. The
findings were less clear about other forms of value and the potential beneficiaries. Developing
metrics that people understand and that relate to all forms of value will be required to ensure
that health claims on food labels, should they be permitted, do not only benefit a select group of
stakeholders.
Delving deeper into the question of whether legislating health claims on food labels would be
useful for consumers revealed more challenges than opportunities. Persistent impediments to use of
the information and unresolved questions about the substantiation and enforcement of health claims
were of particular concern. At the same time, no solution appeared apparent for reaching consumers
in the informal market with nutritional information. While legislating health claims is not
recommended at present, numerous front-of-pack (FOP) label proposals were made by the interview
participants.
In the final stage of the study, consumers (n = 1 261) were asked to compare FOP labels and a
health claim relative to a no-label control, applied to a fictitious cereal product, a commonly
consumed processed food in South Africa. Both health warnings and health star rating showed
promise in terms of assisting consumers in identifying less healthful products, but effect sizes
were largest for the warning label. This outcome requires validation with more product categories,
as well as testing in real-world settings.
The study culminated with the presentation of a three-phased nutritional labelling strategy for
South Africa: ‘Make it clearer’, ‘make it simpler’, ‘make it smarter’ - intended to illustrate the
need to take action now whilst simultaneously planning for the future. At a policy level, while
South Africa plans for the implementation of FOP labels, we should be actively planning for the
labelling of the future – one which will be more technologically enabled. The findings of this
study may provide policy-makers and decision-makers, such as the Department of Health, with
valuable information about the presentation of nutritional information on food labelling (i.e.
selecting FOP labels for further real- world testing), as well as setting the course for the
future.AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid-Afrika, soos baie ander lande regoor die wêreld, worstel met die toenemende las van nie-
oordraagbare siektes wat deels deur 'n ongesonde dieet veroorsaak word. Hierdie studie het
ondersoek ingestel na hoe veranderinge aan die aanbieding van voedingsinligting op voedseletikette
Suid-Afrikaners moontlik kan help om die gesondheid van voedsel te beoordeel, en hulle sodoende
moontlik te lei tot gesonder keuses en voordelige gesondheidsuitkomste.
As uitgangspunt vir die studie is die waardetoevoegingspotensiaal van die wetgewing ten opsigte van
gesondheidsaansprake op voedseletikette oorweeg. Konsepwetgewing om
gesondheidsaansprake toe te laat is sedert 2014 hangende, en die wetgewing spreek ook geen eise aan
wat betrekking het op die gesondheidspotensiaal van ons inheemse voedselplante nie, ten spyte van
noemenswaardige navorsingsbesteding op hierdie gebied.
Onderhoude (n = 49) met belanghebbendes met verskei kundighedehet het sterk bewyse gelewer vir
ekonomiese waardeskeppingspotensiaal uit gesondheidsaansprake, maar dit was meestal vir besighede.
Die bevindinge ten opsigte van ander vorme van waardetoevoeging en die potensiële begunstigdes was
minder duidelik. Die ontwikkeling van maatstawwe wat mense verstaan en wat verband hou met alle
vorme van waarde sal vereis word om te verseker dat gesondheidsaansprake op voedseletikette, sou
dit toegelaat word, nie net 'n uitgesoekte groep belanghebbendes
bevoordeel nie.
Verdere ondersoek na die vraag of wetgewing van gesondheidsaansprake op voedseletikette nuttig vir
verbruikers sou wees, het meer uitdagings as geleenthede aan die lig gebring. Aanhoudende
struikelblokke vir die gebruik van die inligting en onopgeloste vrae oor die stawing en afdwinging
van gesondheidsaansprake was veral kommerwekkend. Terselfdertyd het geen oplossing aan die lug
gekom om verbruikers in die informele mark met voedingsinligting te bereik nie. Terwyl wetgewing
van gesondheidsaansprake tans nie aanbeveel word nie, is talle voor-op-verpakking-etiketvoorstelle
deur die deelnemers aan die onderhoude gemaak.
In die finale stadium van die studie is verbruikers (n = 1 261) gevra om
voor-op-verpakking-etikette en 'n gesondheidsaanspraak met betrekking tot 'n geen-etiket kontrole
te vergelyk, toegepas op 'n fiktiewe graanproduk, 'n algemeen verbruikte verwerkte voedselproduk in
Suid-Afrika. Beide gesondheidswaarskuwings en gesondheid-stergraderings het belofte getoon om
verbruikers te help om minder gesonde produkte te identifiseer, maar effekgroottes was die grootste
vir die waarskuwingsetiket. Hierdie uitkoms vereis validering met meer produk-kategorieë, sowel as
toetsing in werklike omgewings.
Die studie het geeindig met die aanbieding van 'n driefase-strategie vir voedingsetikettering:
'Maak dit duideliker', 'maak dit eenvoudiger', 'maak dit slimmer'. Die strategie se doel is om die
behoefte te illustreer om terselfdertyd nou aksie te neem en vir die toekoms te beplan. Op 'n
beleidsvlak, terwyl Suid-Afrika beplan vir die implementering van voor-op-verpakking-etikette, moet
ons aktief beplan vir die etikettering van die toekoms - een wat meer tegnologies gevorderd sal
wees. Die bevindinge van hierdie studie kan aan beleidmakers en besluitnemers, soos die Departement
van Gesondheid, waardevolle inligting verskaf oor die aanbieding van voedingsinligting op
voedseletikettering (d.w.s. die keuse van voor-op-verpakking-etikette vir verdere werklike
toetsing), asook die rigting vir die
toekoms bepaal.Doctora
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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