1,720,967 research outputs found
“A green-network. The integration of the green structure and the non motorized transport modes’ network”
No full textThe essay deals with pedestrian mobility issues, focusing on the relation between natural features and walking environment. The aim is to analyze the function that green structure, under its many different forms, has, or could have, to promote sustainable mobility and to make urban outdoor spaces comfortable and enjoyable, and to point out eventual related problems and possible solutions. This topic, a typical argument of the discipline of Environmental Design in urban contexts, is faced in the Human issues and design perspectives working group of the COST Action C11 “Green Structure and Urban Planning”. This inclusive approach covers a wide range of scientific and professional perspectives relating “human issues” to “urban studies” and in particular to environmental tasks.
The essay starts with a premise: walking is considered not as a leisure activity but as a transport mode; the “human issues” perspective is considered instrumentally, as the leading one.
In the design process, to understand which are the most important aspects to face first, a problem solving methodology combining two methods, proper of technical and of social sciences, is proposed, with the aim to check the consistency between experts’ and users’ points of view, between objective data and subjective feelings. Thanks to the application of various tools, from rigorous scientific criteria to subjective assessments, it is possible to understand actual problems and eventual qualities. This methodology was studied and applied in various work packages of the EU funded research PROMPT; also in two the author was responsible of. By this experience, the lack or insufficiency of natural features was detected as a main problem; many aspects were not considered as satisfactory, not only related to the quantity or adequacy of green but also to its wrong use in relation to walking and people requirements. Some potentialities, natural features have to possibly solve other problems, were also identified and considered as a quality to enhance. The paper, assuming the pedestrian mobility perspective, indicates some solutions, arranged in a framework suggesting what to do and how to do it and tracing a broad outline of applicable measures, to be chosen time by time and to be tailored to the specific case. In particular it considers possible links and synergy effects accomplished by combining and integrating the grey pedestrian network and the green and blue structure; it gives also some indications to devise a differentiated design of such “green network”, pointing out the importance to define priorities and to check compatibilities, and to consider various users’ requirements at the same time, in order to determine an achievable satisfaction level. It concludes proposing guidelines, both quantitative and qualitative, that come from applied research carried out by the author at national and international level. They focus on various performances: density and continuity, usability and accessibility by vulnerable road users, orientation and visual appeal, characteristics increasing the feeling of safety and personal security, or having psychological effects. Particular attention is given to the fact that such network should be designed to guarantee comfort (thermal, visual, acoustic, olfactory, tactile, respiratory, hygienic etc.) to pedestrians and to improve urban microclimate. Three conditions are considered as fundamental: the need to put together different expertise, to face maintenance already at the design stage, to involve citizens in the process
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Historical Quarter Renovation: Exploring a "Common Interests" Model for Historical Quarters Renovation in the Nanjing "Old South Town"
No full textEMU European Postgraduate Masters in UrbanismUrbanismArchitecture and The Built Environmen
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Een Rijke Bron: een nieuwe rol van water in ontwerpen voor de stad
No full textEen Rijke Bron bevat een selectie van de beste, recente stedenbouwkundige afstudeerstudies uit Delft, becommentarieerd door mensen uit de praktijk. Het gaat bijvoorbeeld om nieuwe rivieren die hoogwaterafvoer combineren met nieuwe waterfronten van steden langs de Maas en de Waal. Maar het gaat ook om naoorlogse wijken in de bestaande stad waar een nieuwe inrichting van groengebieden ruimte gaat bieden voor regenwateropvang. Een herontwerp met veel water kan deze oude wijken een nieuw leven geven. In een goed ontwerp kost water geen extra ruimte. Zo slaat dit boek een brug tussen theorie en praktijk, en levert ze een bron van inspiratie om water en ruimtelijke inrichting creatief en innovatief te benaderen. This is an Open Access titleArchitectur
“The Rome Case Study. Strategies for green structure planning and maintenance”
No full textOn the occasion of COST C11 Meeting in Rome, a workshop and a technical visit were organized by the X Department “Environmental and Agricultural Policies” of the Municipality of Rome. The essay describes some of the strategies used by the Municipality for the planning and management of its huge “green” heritage and presented at that workshop by the responsibles of the department. One of the strategic choices is the individuation and protection of Rome’s ecological network, an articulated and functional system of areas with some naturalistic, agricultural and recreational importance. Speaking of the many battles fought to protect the open territory, it takes two outstanding examples: “Parco dell’Appia Antica” and “Villa Borghese”, that exemplify more or less the situation to be faced also in the other less famous cases. The difficulty in the defence of the historical and environmental heritage against the building speculation has characterized the protection and acquisition of the roman green assets. For the use of the land, inside the system of protected natural areas instituted by a regional law, various agreements with private people are foreseen. For the maintenance of the public areas, private investors are involved by the means of “Il progetto di finanza” (a finance plan).
The new Master Plan indicates three strategic and structuring aspects: the environmental, the mobility and the dwelling systems, prioritising environmental regeneration and collective transport, reducing at the maximum new urban expansion and aiming at upgrading the existing city. The strategy for creating an environmental system is based on the integration of primary and secondary components, constituted by different types of green areas, and components of completion, concerning the elements that connect the two previous ones; these are to be implemented by the enhancement of watercourses, and their banks or shores, by cycle and pedestrian paths; the aim is to create a network crossing also the new developments, guaranteeing all the connections among the areas that form it, with the aim to maximize the ecological effects. The paper goes more in depth also on the landscape and urban development of the city, on its protected natural areas, on the environmental action plan and on the maintenance issue. Finally it describes the sites that have been visited: Parco Archeologico Centrale, Parco dell’Appia Antica, Parco della Caffarella, Villa Borghese, Villa Paganini, Punto verde qualità Via della Mendola
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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