1,720,955 research outputs found
Temperature and residence time influence on the cattle manure separated solid phase carbonization
No full textThis work aim to investigate the effect of temperature and residence time on the carbonization of the cattle manure separated solid phase. The same lab scale auger pyrolizer presented at the 26th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition in the work “Carbonization of residual biomass from river maintenance using waste heat from gasification power plants” was used to carbonize the separated solid obtained from the “SEPCOM Cow Bedding” cattle manure separator. This material is a high quality organic soil conditioner, easy to shovel, store and transport, it is odorless and it can be use as bedding or as soil conditioner. First of all, the material was analyzed measuring its ash percentage, its moisture and its elemental composition, and performing thermal gravimetric and differential thermal analyses on it. 11 pyrolysis tests were carried out with three different temperatures, 300 °C, 400 C° and 500 °C, and 5 residence times, 11, 22, 30, 60 and 90 minutes. As thermal source the exhaust gas from a portable petrol powered generator was used sending it into the jacket around the auger. The residence time was controlled through an Arduino Board that managed the auger movement. The residues of the 11 carbonization tests were analyzed again to measure their ash quantitative and elemental composition. The results showed that with the pyrolysis temperatures at 500 °C it was possible to achieve a percentage of carbon over the 70% and reduce the dry matter of the material by two – third, moreover longer residence times bring to higher weight losses, compared to the shorter ones, mostly for low pyrolysis temperatures
Emission analysis of syngas combustion and flammability limit assessment
No full textGasification of biomass can be a very effective technology to fight climate change due to the carbon negativity of the process. However, syngas combustion could release a variety of pollutant compounds such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide. Improving the emissions of syngas combustion is very important in order to promote the diffusion of small scale gasifiers that often have no complex flue gas treatment systems. In this work a study on syngas combustion from a small scale gasification system is presented. A combustion chamber designed after a preliminary numerical evaluation was built to test different geometrical configurations. Two metal plates were used to modify the combustion chamber geometry in order to test different flare shapes. An experimental campaign with an emission analyzer was carried out to identify the best combustion chamber shape and to evaluate the pollutant released by syngas combustion. To further explore syngas combustion, the flammability limits were evaluated through the “Le Chatelier” equation and considering the presence of various inert gases
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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